BACKGROUND:Cannabidiol is effective in ameliorating the body's inflammatory response,but no clear mechanistic studies have been conducted to ameliorate skeletal muscle inflammation induced by exhaustive exercise. OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism by which cannabidiol improves skeletal muscle inflammation during exhaustive exercise by using transcriptome sequencing technology. METHODS:Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups:blank control group,exercise coconut oil group,exercise control group,50 mg/kg cannabidiol group,60 mg/kg cannabidiol group,and 70 mg/kg cannabidiol group,with six rats in each group.Except for rats in the blank control group,rats in each group were subjected to swimming exercise for 9 days to produce the exhaustive exercise model.At the end of each swimming exercise,rats in the cannabidiol groups were given 2 mL of fat-soluble cannabidiol at different concentrations(50,60,and 70 mg/kg)by gavage;rats in the exercise coconut oil group were given the same volume of coconut oil by gavage until the end of the exercise on the 9th day;and rats in the blank control group and the exercise control group were not given any special treatment.The levels of inflammatory factors and differentially expressed genes in the skeletal muscle of rats in each group were determined using ELISA and transcriptome sequencing techniques.Differentially expressed genes obtained were subjected to KEGG analysis,and the accuracy of the sequencing data was verified by fluorescence quantitative PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The results of ELISA showed that the contents of interleukin-6(P<0.05),tumor necrosis factor-α(P<0.01),interleukin-10 and other inflammatory factors in the exercise group increased significantly compared with the blank control group and the coconut oil group.After cannabidiol intervention,the mass concentrations of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α showed a sequential decrease with increasing cannabidiol concentration.By comparing GO and KEGG databases,the functional properties of differentially expressed genes were analyzed,and the results showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.RT-qPCR results showed that the trends of five randomly selected differentially expressed genes were in agreement with the transcriptome sequencing results.To conclude,cannabidiol can improve skeletal muscle inflammation caused by exhaustive exercise.

Objective: To explore the relationship between sleep characteristics, physical activity patterns, with depressive and anxiety symptoms in college students, so as to provide reference for student mental health promotion. Methods: From September to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 7 954 college students aged 18-22 years from 9 universities in Shanghai, Hubei, and Jiangxi. Assessments were conducted using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate physical activity, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the impact of sleep characteristics and physical activity patterns on depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity among college students. Results: The detection rates for depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms were 25.67%, 35.39%, and 23.15%, respectively. Factors such as gender, grade, household registration, parental education level, annual family income, family structure, and dietary habits were all associated with the detection rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity (χ2=4.41-118.39, P<0.05). Physical activity patterns, sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleepwake characteristics were also associated with the occurrence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity (χ2=9.66-627.70, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that college students who stayed up late and slept less than 7 had the highest risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity (OR=1.93, 1.85, 1.88, P<0.05). Compared to regular physical activity patterns, insufficient physical activity patterns were associated with an increased risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms (all OR=1.18, P<0.05). Further stratified analysis results showed that the risk of depression, anxiety and their comorbidity increased in college students who stayed up late and slept less than 7 h, went to bed before midnight and slept less than 7 h, or went to bed before midnight and slept more than 7 h but did not have sufficient physical activity (P<0.05). Conclusions Sleep characteristics and physical activity patterns significantly affect depressive and anxiety symptoms in college students. Universities should strengthen sleep management and implement flexible physical activity interventions to help students establish healthy lifestyles.

Objective: To examine differences in depressive and anxiety symptoms between boarding and non boarding high school students and their associations with physical activity (PA) patterns, so as to provide evidence to inform adolescent mental health promotion. Methods: From October to December 2024, a convenience sample of 11 782 students aged 15-18 years was recruited from 36 schools in Nanchang, Ganzhou, and Shangrao of Jiangxi Province. Depressive and anxiety symptoms and PA were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and International Physical Activity Questionary Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Logistic regression model was used to examine associations between PA patterns, depressive and anxiety symptoms among boarding and non boarding students. Results: The detection rates of depressive symptoms were 45.7% and 46.4% among boarding and non boarding students, respectively; for anxiety symptoms, the corresponding rates were 43.0% and 46.7%. Boarding and non boarding students differed significantly in smoking status, screen time, sleep duration, sedentary time, daily vegetable intake, and napping ( χ 2=16.74-664.17, all P <0.01). Across PA pattern groups, the detection rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms differed significantly between boarding and non boarding students ( χ 2 depression = 23.85 , χ 2 anxiety = 22.78, both P <0.01). Adjusted for confounding factors, Logistic regression analysis of high school students showed that compared with the not meeting PA recommendations, both the concentrated and regular PA pattern were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms [ OR (95% CI )=0.83(0.70-0.98), 0.90(0.83-0.98)]; and the concentrated pattern was also associated with lower odds of anxiety symptoms [ OR (95% CI )=0.78(0.65-0.92)], and the association of anxiety symptoms in concentrated boarding students was consistent with that of the overall group [ OR (95% CI )=0.71(0.52-0.98)] (all P <0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation of different physical activity patterns with depressive and anxiety symptoms among boarding and non boarding high school students. Schools should ensure students engage in regular physical activity and work to increase overall activity volume.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and trends of drowning mortality among Chinese residents from 2010 to 2021, so as to provide a basis for developing targeted prevention strategies and reducing the burden of drowning deaths. Methods: Data on drowning mortality among Chinese residents from 2010 to 2021 were collected from the China Cause of Death Surveillance Dataset (2010-2021). The crude mortality was calculated and then standardized using the data from the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. The characteristics of drowning mortality were analyzed by genders, regions, and ages. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was employed to assess the trend in drowning mortality. Results: From 2010 to 2021, the overall crude drowning mortality among Chinese residents was 3.53/100 000, with a standardized mortality of 3.34/100 000, both showed decreasing trends (AAPC=-2.438% and -3.739%, both P<0.05). The crude and standardized mortality were higher in males than in females (4.55/100 000 vs. 2.47/100 000, 4.43/100 000 vs. 2.16/100 000, both P<0.05). Both the crude drowning mortality (AAPC=-2.974% and -1.337%) and standardized drowning mortality (AAPC=-3.806% and -3.599%) among males and females showed decreasing trends, respectively (all P<0.05). The crude and standardized drowning mortality were higher in rural residents than in urban residents (4.13/100 000 vs. 2.35/100 000, 3.86/100 000 vs. 2.27/100 000, both P<0.05). Both the crude and standardized drowning mortality in rural residents showed decreasing trends (AAPC=-3.343% and -4.515%, both P<0.05), whereas no statistically significant trends were observed in urban residents (both P>0.05). Both the crude and standardized drowning mortality were higher in western residents than in eastern residents and central residents (4.30/100 000 vs. 2.89/100 000 and 3.66/100 000, 4.14/100 000 vs. 2.64/100 000 and 3.49/100 000, all P<0.05). The standardized mortality showed decreasing trends in eastern, central and western residents (AAPC=-3.237%, -2.344%, and -5.467%, all P<0.05). The groups aged ≥65 years and 1-<5 years experienced relatively high crude drowning mortality of 8.81/105 and 7.38/105, respectively. Decreasing trends were observed in groups aged <1 year, 1-<5 years, and 5-<15 years (AAPC=-14.126%, -11.452%, and -7.443%, all P<0.05). In contrast, no statistically significant trends were observed in the other age groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions The overall drowning mortality rate among Chinese residents showed a declining trend from 2010 to 2021. However, the risks of drowning mortality remained relatively high among males, rural residents, residents in the western region, children, and the elderly.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of exosomal CXCL on the biological behavior of cervical cancer cells and its underlying mechanisms. MethodsChemokine CXCL was first screened through bioinformatics databases. The GEPIA database was analyze CXCL expression in cervical cancer tissues and adjacent normal cervical tissues. Western blot was performed to detect CXCL expression levels in cervical cancer cells （Caski） and normal cervical epithelial cells （H8）. The successful isolation of exosomes was confirmed by nanoparticle tracking analysis， transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and Western blot. ELISA was employed to detect the expression level of exosomes CXCL was determined by ELISA. After CXCL knockdown via siRNA transfection， cells were divided into three groups： blank control， negative control and experimental groups. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay， while cell migration and invasion were assessed by Transwell assays. ResultsExosomal CXCL expression was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer cells compared with normal cervical epithelial cells （P<0. 01）， and also markedly elevated in cervical cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. After low expression of CXCL knockdown significantly reduced CXCL expression in both cancer cells and their derived exosomes（P<0. 05）. Low expression markedly inhibited the proliferation， invasion and migration abilities ConclusionSilencing exosomal CXCL may inhibit the malignant biological behavior of cancer cells.

Surgical resection is an important method for treating liver cancer,and postoperative liver failure caused by insufficient liver remnant volume is a key factor limiting the success rate of surgical resection.The portal vein embolization(PVE),through artificially obstructing the portal vein,can induce liver volume enlargement,thus,providing theoretical support for preventing postoperative death due to liver failure.In recent years,many innovations and studies on the limitations of PVE,especially on the problem of postoperative insufficient growth rate of liver tissues,have been made by experts both at home and abroad.In view of this,this paper,through summarizing the relevant literature on PVE,makes a detailed review concerning the clinical application and research progress of PVE.

Objective:The association between air pollutants and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between five air pollutants—PM 2.5, PM 2.5–10, PM 10, NO 2, and NO?—and the risk of SCD. Methods:We analyzed data from 460 862 participants in the UK Biobank cohort, all enrolled between 2006 and 2010, with no baseline SCD. Follow-up continued until the study endpoint. Annual average concentrations of the five pollutants were assessed. Associations between pollutants and SCD were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, followed by Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess causality.Results:Over a mean follow-up of 12.4 years, 2 662 SCD cases were recorded. After adjusting for confounders, no significant associations were found between air pollutants and SCD risk: PM 2.5 ( HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.99–1.07, P = 0.14), PM 2.5–10 ( HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.00–1.08, P = 0.08), PM 10 ( HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99–1.03, P = 0.26), NO? ( HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.00, P = 0.26), and NO x ( HR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, P = 0.19). MR analysis further supported the absence of causal relationships: PM 2.5 ( β = -0.149, P = 0.90), PM 2.5–10 ( β = 0.387, P = 0.62), PM 10 ( β = -0.994, P = 0.62), NO? ( β = –0.005, P = 0.99), and NO 2 ( β = –0.827, P = 0.25). Conclusions:This study found no evidence linking PM 2.5, PM 2.5–10, PM 10, NO?, or NO 2 to an increased risk of SCD. Mendelian randomization confirmed the lack of causal associations between these pollutants and SCD.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between health literacy and sports injuries among high school students with athletic specialization, so as to provide theoretical basis for the intervention of sports injury occurrence of sports special students. Methods: A total of 443 high school students with athletic specialization aged 16-18 years old from 21 urban and rural areas in Shangrao City, Ganzhou City and Nanchang City of Jiangxi Province were selected by convenient sampling method from March to April 2023, and the health literacy and sports injury incidence were investigated. The assessment of sports injury was based on the Monitoring Method of Child and Adolescent Injury, and the assessment of health literacy level was conducted using the Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire of Chinese Adolescents. χ 2 test was used to compare the reported rate of sports injuries among the demographic and sports training groups and the correlation between health literacy and sports injuries. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to infer the correlation between the health literacy level of high school students with athletic specialization and the occurrence of sports injuries. Results: The prevalence of sports injury was 49.4% in high school students with athletic specialization. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of sports injury of high school students with athletic specialization with medium and low level of health literacy was significantly increased compared with high level (medium level: OR = 1.98,95% CI =1.12-3.51; low level: OR =2.08, 95% CI =1.18-3.68), high school students with athletic specialization in low level of health awareness of sports injury risk was higher than other dimensions of health literacy level (middle level: OR =2.77, 95% CI =1.48-5.19; low level: OR =2.01, 95% CI =1.04-3.88)( P <0.05). The results of stratified analysis showed that among male students with athletic specialization and students with track and field, students with moderate/low overall health literacy had a higher risk of sports injuries compared to high level students (male students: low level, OR =2.46, 95% CI =1.15-5.28; track and field: intermediate level, OR =2.17, 95% CI =1.06-4.43, low level, OR =2.09, 95% CI =1.02-4.30; P <0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation between the health literacy level of high school students with athletic specialization and the occurrence of sports injuries. Students health awareness should be improved to reduce the risk of sports injuries.

Astragalin is a natural flavonoid,which is known for its diverse pharmacological applications such as anti-tumor.The many studies have found that Astragalin has great anti-tumor potential by regulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway,MAPKs signal pathway,JAK/STAT signal pathway,NF-κ B signal pathway,Notch1 pathway,microRNA expression,tumor invasion and metastasis.This article reviews the literature reports on anti-tumor signal pathway of Astragalin in recent years,analyzes and summarizes the pos-sible mechanisms by which each pathway induces tumor cell apoptosis,in order to provide experimental and theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Astragalin in anti-tumor signal pathways.