Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of esophageal foreign body impaction by gastroscopy intervention in adults.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 470 patients who underwent gastroscopic intervention for esophageal foreign bodies at the Department of Gastroenterology,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University,from January 2019 to January 2024.The patients' gender,age,underlying esophageal conditions,date of endoscopic examination,type of anesthesia,the type,size,and shape of the foreign bodies,as well as the severity of complications were compared and analyzed in this study.Results The median age of the patients was 62.5,with an equal male-to-female ratio of 1∶1.Totally 63.40％endoscopic examination were performed on weekdays.Local pharyngeal anesthesia was used in 96.17％of patients.The upper esophagus was the most common site of impaction(61.7％).Esophageal strictures were detected in 19.36％of patients during endoscopy.The size of the foreign bodies ranged from 0.4 cm to 13 cm,with an average of(2.44±1.03)cm.The most common foreign bodies were animal bones such as fish,chicken,and duck bones(47.02％),followed by jujube pits(19.36％).Female patients were significantly more likely to have jujube pit impactions(P＜0.001).Two pressure points were identified in 28.94％of the foreign bodies.Mild complications related to foreign body impaction occurred in 416 cases(88.51％),while severe complications occurred in 54 cases(11.49％).Among those with severe complications,a higher proportion were elderly(P=0.009),female(P=0.045),had foreign bodies larger than 2.0 cm(P＜0.05),jujube pits and had foreign bodies with two pressure points(P＜0.001).Swallowing jujube pits and having foreign bodies larger than 3.0 cm were independent risk factors for severe complications.Conclusion Elderly patients,female patients,foreign bodies larger than 2.0 cm,foreign bodies with two pressure points,and jujube pits are more likely to develop severe esophageal complications.Early endoscopic intervention is recommended for patients with these characteristics.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of esophageal foreign body impaction by gastroscopy intervention in adults.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 470 patients who underwent gastroscopic intervention for esophageal foreign bodies at the Department of Gastroenterology,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University,from January 2019 to January 2024.The patients' gender,age,underlying esophageal conditions,date of endoscopic examination,type of anesthesia,the type,size,and shape of the foreign bodies,as well as the severity of complications were compared and analyzed in this study.Results The median age of the patients was 62.5,with an equal male-to-female ratio of 1∶1.Totally 63.40％endoscopic examination were performed on weekdays.Local pharyngeal anesthesia was used in 96.17％of patients.The upper esophagus was the most common site of impaction(61.7％).Esophageal strictures were detected in 19.36％of patients during endoscopy.The size of the foreign bodies ranged from 0.4 cm to 13 cm,with an average of(2.44±1.03)cm.The most common foreign bodies were animal bones such as fish,chicken,and duck bones(47.02％),followed by jujube pits(19.36％).Female patients were significantly more likely to have jujube pit impactions(P＜0.001).Two pressure points were identified in 28.94％of the foreign bodies.Mild complications related to foreign body impaction occurred in 416 cases(88.51％),while severe complications occurred in 54 cases(11.49％).Among those with severe complications,a higher proportion were elderly(P=0.009),female(P=0.045),had foreign bodies larger than 2.0 cm(P＜0.05),jujube pits and had foreign bodies with two pressure points(P＜0.001).Swallowing jujube pits and having foreign bodies larger than 3.0 cm were independent risk factors for severe complications.Conclusion Elderly patients,female patients,foreign bodies larger than 2.0 cm,foreign bodies with two pressure points,and jujube pits are more likely to develop severe esophageal complications.Early endoscopic intervention is recommended for patients with these characteristics.

Diabetic ulcer （DU） wound is one of the chronic and serious complications of diabetes characterized by prolonged wound healing， and it is more common in foot and lower extremity ulcers. DU has brought great economic and psychological pressure to patients and seriously affected the quality of life of patients because of its great difficulty in treatment， long treatment process， and high morbidity and mortality. Therefore， how to help the rapid healing of DU wounds， reduce the disability rate and mortality rate， protect limb function， and improve the quality of life is an important topic and hot spot in the field of medical research. The pathogenesis of DU is complex， mainly including microcirculation disorder， peripheral neuropathy， inflammation and infection， and excessive apoptosis of cells， involving physiological processes such as wound inflammation， granulation tissue hyperplasia and re-epithelialization. A large number of previous studies have found that Chinese medicine can regulate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， Wnt/β-catenin， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， Notch， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad， and other signaling pathways， regulate abnormal glucose metabolism， improve microcirculation， inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress， regulate cell proliferation and excessive apoptosis， and promote wound tissue growth to promote the rapid healing of DU wounds under the guidance of treatment based on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome differentiation and internal and external treatment. Therefore， this paper reviewed Chinese medicinal monomers or Chinese medicinal compounds in recent years in regulating the above signaling pathways and the expression of key protein molecules and promoting the rapid healing of DU wounds， aiming to provide ideas and a theoretical basis for the in-depth study and clinical application of Chinese medicine in promoting the healing of DU wounds.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of adaptor protein containing PH domain,PTB domain,and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1) in gastric cancers.Methods Expressions of APPL1 protein and mRNA were detected with immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 47 surgical specimens of gastric carcinomas (GC) and 27 normal gastric tissue specimens,respectively.Results The expression rate of APPL1 protein was 59.6％ (28/47) in GCs,and 26.1％ (6/23) in normal gastric tissues,with a statistically significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.05).The relative expression of mRNA was 0.821 ±0.141 in GCs,and 0.731 ±0.112 in normal gastric tissues,with a statistically significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The expressions of APPL1 protein and mRNA are increased in GCs,with a close relationship between GC and APPL1.