OBJECTIVE:Most of the existing studies are based on traditional Meta-analysis to study the efficacy of single stimulation protocols such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation on lower limb motor dysfunction in stroke patients,and it is not possible to clarify which stimulation protocol is the optimal choice.This study used network meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation in the treatment of lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke.METHODS:CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Medline and Web of Science databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials on different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation for lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke from inception to October 1,2024.Data extraction was performed on the included studies.RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for traditional meta-analysis and the quality of the included studies was evaluated.Stata 17.0 software was used for network meta-analysis.RESULTS:(1)A total of 39 studies involving 2 920 patients were included,involving 6 treatment methods:conventional rehabilitation training,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,continuous theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation.(2)The results of network meta-analysis showed that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training in the Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function.(3)In terms of improving Berg balance scale score,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,and intermittent theta burst stimulation were significantly different from conventional rehabilitation training(P＜0.05),and there was a significant difference between high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta burst stimulation(P＜0.05).(4)In improving modified Barthel index and Barthel index,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training.(5)Under the cumulative ranking chart,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation showed the best efficacy in Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function,Berg balance scale score,modified Barthel index and Barthel index,followed by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.CONCLUSION:Both high-and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve the lower limb motor function and balance function of patients with stroke,and can improve the activities of daily living of patients to varying degrees.Moreover,the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is better than that of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

OBJECTIVE:Most of the existing studies are based on traditional Meta-analysis to study the efficacy of single stimulation protocols such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation on lower limb motor dysfunction in stroke patients,and it is not possible to clarify which stimulation protocol is the optimal choice.This study used network meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation in the treatment of lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke.METHODS:CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Medline and Web of Science databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials on different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation for lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke from inception to October 1,2024.Data extraction was performed on the included studies.RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for traditional meta-analysis and the quality of the included studies was evaluated.Stata 17.0 software was used for network meta-analysis.RESULTS:(1)A total of 39 studies involving 2 920 patients were included,involving 6 treatment methods:conventional rehabilitation training,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,continuous theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation.(2)The results of network meta-analysis showed that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training in the Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function.(3)In terms of improving Berg balance scale score,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,and intermittent theta burst stimulation were significantly different from conventional rehabilitation training(P＜0.05),and there was a significant difference between high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta burst stimulation(P＜0.05).(4)In improving modified Barthel index and Barthel index,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training.(5)Under the cumulative ranking chart,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation showed the best efficacy in Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function,Berg balance scale score,modified Barthel index and Barthel index,followed by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.CONCLUSION:Both high-and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve the lower limb motor function and balance function of patients with stroke,and can improve the activities of daily living of patients to varying degrees.Moreover,the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is better than that of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of translocation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1 )to the cytoplasm after glucose starvation and the effects of increased cytoplasmic translocation of hnRNPA2B1 on the survival of prostate cancer PC3 cells. Methods Human prostate cancer PC3 cells were divided into normal control group (cultured conventionally with glucose-containing medium,RPMI 1640 Medium)and glucose starvation group (cultured with glucose-free medium,RPMI 1640 Medium).The 2 types of cells were treated with deacetylase inhibitor,trichostatin A (TSA ) combined with nicotinamide (NAM),AKT inhibitor BEZ235,si-NC transfection,and si-hnRNPA2B1 transfection,respectively.Cytoplasmic and nuclear protein separation,immunoprecipitation and Western blotting were used to detect changes in hnRNPA2B1 acetylation,total AKT protein and its phosphorylation level,and expression levels of hnRNPA2B1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus.CCK-8 assay was employed to observe cell survival in each group.Results After 3～5 h of glucose starvation treatment,the acetylation of hnRNPA2B1 protein was reduced (P<0.01 ),and its cytoplasmic translocation was increased in PC3 cells (P<0.01 ),which was accompanied by enhanced AKT phosphorylation and activation of the AKT signaling pathway.TSA/NAM treatment,BEZ235 treatment,and si-hnRNPA2B1 transfection all resulted in obvious increase in acetylation of hnRNPA2B1 protein when compared with glucose starvation treated cells (P<0.01 ),which could inhibit the glucose starvation-mediated cytoplasmic translocation of hnRNPA2B1,suppress AKT phosphorylation,and consequently decrease the cell survival rate after glucose starvation (P<0.01).Conclusion Glucose starvation can maintain the survival of PC3 cells by inducing the activation of the Ac-hnRNPA2B1-AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the additional value of chest thin layer CT over 99Tc m-hydrazinonicotinyl-(polyethylene glycol) 4-E[(polyethylene glycol) 4-c(RGDfK)] 2(HYNIC-PEG 4-E[PEG 4-c(RGDfK)] 2; 3PRGD 2) SPECT/CT in detecting isolated pulmonary space. Methods:This was a prospective study conducted in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. There were 87 patients with solitary pulmonary space occupying between July 2015 and December 2016, and 74 of those patients (49 males, 25 females, age range: 37-80 (58.4±9.6) years) who had pathological results were enrolled. 99Tc m-3PRGD 2 SPECT/CT imaging was performed routinely, and then the chest thin layer CT images were acquired. The maximum radioactive counts ratio of tumor to non-tumor (T/N)≥1.5 was the standard for positive planer 99Tc m-3PRGD 2 imaging, and that ≥2.0 was the standard for positive SPECT/CT imaging. According to the pathological results as gold standard, the diagnostic efficiencies of 99Tc m-3PRGD 2 planer and SPECT/CT imaging, chest thin layer CT and chest thin layer CT+ 99Tc m-3PRGD 2 SPECT/CT imaging for malignant pulmonary lesions were calculated. Kappa test was used to compare the consistency of the imaging methods and pathological results. Results:The post-surgery histopathology confirmed that 51 patients were with malignancy and 23 had benign lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 99Tc m-3PRGD 2 planer imaging, SPECT/CT imaging and chest thin layer CT in the diagnosis of malignant pulmonary lesions were 47.1%(24/51), 65.2%(15/23), 52.7%(39/74), 75.0%(24/32), 35.7%(15/42); 86.3%(44/51), 47.8%(11/23), 74.3%(55/74), 78.6%(44/56), 11/18 and 84.3%(43/51), 52.2%(12/23), 74.3%(55/74), 79.6%(43/54), 12/20, respectively. Those of the chest thin layer CT+ SPECT/CT were 98.0%(50/51), 73.9%(17/23), 90.5%(67/74), 89.3%(50/56) and 17/18 respectively. The Kappa values between the imaging methods ( 99Tc m-3PRGD 2 planer imaging, SPECT/CT imaging, chest thin layer CT and the chest thin layer CT+ SPECT/CT) and pathological examination were 0.100, 0.250, 0.354 and 0.765 (all P<0.001). Conclusion:Chest thin layer CT has an incremental value over 99Tc m-3PRGD 2 SPECT/CT imaging in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary lesions.

Objective To analyze the image characteristics of whole-body bone planar scan and SPECT/CT imaging in patients with polyostotic bone fibrous dysplasia ( PFD) . Methods Twenty-three pa-tients with PFD (12 males, 11 females, age: 10-77(31.4±3.4) years) between June 2007 and March 2017 were enrolled. Twenty-one patients were confirmed pathologically and 2 was diagnosed by follow-up re-sults. The images of 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) whole-body bone scan and SPECT/CT imaging were retrospectively analyzed. Results Bone involvement in the extremities was the most common and lesions in the lower and right limbs were more than those in the upper and left limbs. Lesions were frequently unilat-erally on whole-body bone planar images in 18 of the other 23 patients ( 78. 3％) . Among them, 15/16 with limb lesions showed no bone deformation in limbs, while the enlargement and deformity were more common in the skull, ribs and pelvis. Vertebral involvement was found in 7 of 23 patients (30.4％), and the hand and foot bone involvement was found in 6 of 23 patients (26.1％). Most lesions (96.9％, 248/256) presented high or mod-erate abnormal uptake, which distributed in a stripe shape in the extremities, ribs and skull. On SPECT/CT ima-ges, the ground glass, vegetable sponge and mixed lesions showed higher uptake compared with the cystic le-sions. Conclusions The PFD has certain characteristics on whole-body bone scan. SPECT/CT imaging can reflect pathological, blood flow and metabolic changes of PFD.

In the original publication the grant number is incorrectly published. The correct grant number should be read as "17140901600". The corrected contents are provided in this correction article. This work was partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81670470 and 81600149), a grant from the Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology (17140901600, 18411953500 and 15JC1400201) and a grant from National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0905100).

Adenosine ; genetics ; Adenosine Deaminase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; genetics ; Embryo, Mammalian ; metabolism ; Gene Editing ; Genetic Variation ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Purpose To compare the diagnostic efficacy of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT tomography and SPECT imaging in evaluating neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer,and to explore the clinical gain value of SPECT/CT tomography.Materials and Methods Forty-seven patients with biopsy pathologically confirmed breast cancer in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from 2010 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT test was performed before NAC and 4-6 courses after.The patients were assigned into effective group and ineffective group based on the pathological response after NAC,the MIBI intake rate of tumors in the two groups was compared,and the efficiency of SPECT,CT and SPECT/CT in evaluating NAC were respectively calculated and compared.Results According to the postoperative pathological response,47 patients were divided into effective group (n=30) and ineffective group (n=17).In early phase,the T/N value of effective group and ineffective group was 1.46±0.58 and 1.10+0.48,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (t=2.185,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between SPECT,CT and SPECT/CT in evaluating NAC efficacy and pathological response (P＞0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of these three methods in evaluating NAC efficacy were respectively:80.0％,52.9％ and 70.2％ (SPECT);86.7％,70.6％ and 80.9％ (CT);92.3％,88.2％ and 89.4％ (SPECT/CT).There was a statistically significant difference between the specificity and accuracy of SPECT/CT tomography and SPECT imaging in evaluating NAC efficacy (x2=5.10 and 8.16,P＜0.05).Conclusion The intake rate of tumors can predict the sensitivity of NAC.The diagnostic efficacy of 99Tcm-MIBl SPECT/CT tomography is more effective than that of SPECT imaging in evaluating the efficacy of NAC in breast cancer.

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics and diagnostic value of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in patients with hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma ( HEH) . Methods From January 2014 to December 2015, 5 HEH patients (2 males, 3 females; average age (49.2±13.7) years) confirmed by pathology and underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging were enrolled in this retrospective study. The character-istics of PET/CT images were analyzed. Two-sample t test and Pearson linear correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results A total of 26 lesions were detected in 4 patients with multiple lesions, of which 88.5%( 23/26) distributed at the liver edge, and 42. 3%( 11/26) had hepatic capsule retraction sign. SUVmax of the 26 lesions was 5.1±2.6 and it was not correlated with tumor size (r=0.054, P>0.05). Lesion FDG uptake in patients with distant metastases was higher than that in patients without distant metastases (6.08±1.80 vs 3.84±1.14;t=4.15, P<0.05). Two patients underwent the delayed imaging, and FDG up-take in 11/14 lesions was higher compared with that of early imaging, and 3/14 lesions were newly detected by the delayed imaging. One patient had diffuse low-density lesions with diameters between 6.1 and 35.5 mm and SUVmax between 2.6 and 8.1. Conclusion Liver lesions of HEH patients show some features on 18F-FDG PET/CT images which can find distant metastases, and the delayed imaging can improve the detection rate of lesions.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human growth hormone on prognosis,pulmonary function and immune function in the patients with pulmonary exogenous respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods Eighty-four cases of ARDS were selected and divided into the observation group (n=42) and control group (n=42) according to the random number table.The control group was treated with the routine therapy according to the ARDS Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines,while on this basis the observation group used recombinant human growth hormone for conducting treatment.The treatment time lasted for 7 d.The clinical effects and improvement situation of immune function before and after treatment were recorded in the two groups.Results The Murray acute lung injury score,and acute physiology and chronic health status score (APACHE Ⅱ) after treatment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).The mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay of observation group were shorter than those of the control group(P<0.05).The mortality rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The levels of vital capacity (VC),total lung volume (TLC),forced expiratory vital capacity (FVC),forced expiratory volume of vital capacity (FEV1),forced expiratory vital capacity 1 second (FEV1/FVC) and carbon monoxide (DLCO) after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).The levels of CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).The levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) after treatment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Recombinant human growth hormone can effectively improve the pulmonary function in the patients with pulmonary exogenous ARDS,improves the immune function and is conducive to the prognosis of patients.