1.Effect of long-term exposure to ozone on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of cohort studies
Shaojuan ZHANG ; Yongle LIU ; Zhuanguo YANG ; Jinyang WANG
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine 2026;43(1):43-50
Background The global number of type 2 diabetes (T2D) cases has been steadily increasing over the past few decades, becoming a major public health issue. Available toxicological research has indicated that ozone (O3) can lead to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, thereby causing metabolic changes and the development of T2D. Existing cohort studies on the impact of long-term O3 exposure on the risk of developing T2D have reached contradictory conclusions, and the results have shown significant heterogeneity. Objective To summarize cohort studies on long-term O3 exposure and T2D risk, and investigate heterogeneity sources in the association between O3 and T2D. Methods Cohort studies on O3 and T2D were searched through PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science, with the search deadline set for 25 April, 2025. After two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies, meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 18.0 software. We used a random effects model to calculate the overall relative risk (RR) of the standardized risk estimates and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and publication bias testing were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity in the association between O3 and T2D. Results In the 8 articles meeting predetermined inclusion criteria, a total of 11 cohort studies involving 54887070 participants were finally included. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that long-term exposure to O3 was associated with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes [standardized RR=1.04 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.07), P<0.001, I2=97.3%], and significant heterogeneity existed. The subgroup analysis showed that females (standardized RR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.13) and the Asian population (standardized RR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.11) were are more susceptible to O3. The meta-regression model that included study region and average O3 concentration variables explained 60.33% of the heterogeneity between studies. No significant evidence of publication bias was observed after the funnel plot test, Egger's test (P=0.437), Begg's test (P=0.640), and the trim-and-fill method. Conclusion Long-term exposure to O3 could increase the risk of developing T2D, with females and Asian populations being particularly sensitive. The heterogeneity in the association between O3 and T2D can be partly explained by factors such as average O3 concentration and geographic location.
2.Dehydrocostus lactone ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway
Zhongda LI ; Shuhong WANG ; Hongwei TAN ; Xiao WANG ; Jinyang ZHUANG ; Sheng SHEN ; Qipeng SUN
Organ Transplantation 2025;16(5):763-770
Objective To explore the action mechanism of dehydrocostus lactone(DHL)on renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).Methods Forty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:the sham surgery group(Sham group),the pure drug intervention group(Sham+DHL group),the experimental group(UUO+Vehicle group)and the DHL treatment group(UUO+DHL group),with 11 rats in each group.The rats underwent sham surgery,sham surgery+DHL[10 mg/(kg·d)],UUO modeling+the same volume of solvent and UUO modeling+DHL[10 mg/(kg·d)],respectively.After surgery,DHL or the same volume of solvent was administered by gavage for 14 days starting from day 2 post-surgery.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in renal tissue.Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression levels of collagen I,collagen III and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA).Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of the transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1/Smad2/3 pathway.Results Compared with the UUO+Vehicle group,DHL treatment alleviated renal interstitial pathological damage,reduced collagen fiber deposition,and decreased the expression of collagen I,collagen III and α-SMA.It also inhibited the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 proteins.Conclusions DHL mitigates RIF in rats by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway,providing a new strategy for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
3.Research progress on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor hypothesis of schizophrenia and intervention drugs
Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 2025;51(9):558-564
Currently,antipsychotics work through dopamine or serotonin system,and had limited effect on cognitive function.The hypothesis that the defects in the glutamate transmission and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor(NMDAR)cause cognitive impairment has received attention,potentially serving as a promising target for improving cognitive function.Relevant pharmacotherapeutic approaches mainly include NMDAR co-agonists,glycine transporter 1(GlyT1)inhibitors,D-amino acid oxidase(DAAO)inhibitors and NMDAR antagonist.Current evidence from research suggests that GlyT1 inhibitors and DAAO inhibitors may be safe and more effective.
4.Dehydrocostus lactone ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway
Zhongda LI ; Shuhong WANG ; Hongwei TAN ; Xiao WANG ; Jinyang ZHUANG ; Sheng SHEN ; Qipeng SUN
Organ Transplantation 2025;16(5):763-770
Objective To explore the action mechanism of dehydrocostus lactone(DHL)on renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).Methods Forty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:the sham surgery group(Sham group),the pure drug intervention group(Sham+DHL group),the experimental group(UUO+Vehicle group)and the DHL treatment group(UUO+DHL group),with 11 rats in each group.The rats underwent sham surgery,sham surgery+DHL[10 mg/(kg·d)],UUO modeling+the same volume of solvent and UUO modeling+DHL[10 mg/(kg·d)],respectively.After surgery,DHL or the same volume of solvent was administered by gavage for 14 days starting from day 2 post-surgery.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in renal tissue.Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression levels of collagen I,collagen III and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA).Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of the transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1/Smad2/3 pathway.Results Compared with the UUO+Vehicle group,DHL treatment alleviated renal interstitial pathological damage,reduced collagen fiber deposition,and decreased the expression of collagen I,collagen III and α-SMA.It also inhibited the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 proteins.Conclusions DHL mitigates RIF in rats by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway,providing a new strategy for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
5.Correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cardiac autonomic nervous function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Hongmei MA ; Junde MA ; Zhenya WU ; Feiru WANG ; Lijuan WANG ; Shengnan LIU ; Huihui TANG ; Wen YANG ; Ziqiong WANG ; Wenjing HE ; Ruifei YANG ; Qian GUO ; Jinyang WANG
Chinese Journal of Diabetes 2025;33(5):321-327
Objective To investigate the predictive value of bone metabolism parameters on cardiac autonomic nervous system function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 328 patients with T2DM hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled in this study from October 2022 to October 2023.According to the serum 25(OH)D level,all the participants were divided into<10 ng/ml group(n=80),10~20 ng/ml group(n=173),and 20~30 ng/ml group(n=75).Biochemical indicators,bone metabolic parameters,left ventricular mass(LVM)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)were compared.Time domain indicators ofheart rate variability(HRV)in 24 h holter electrocardiogram,including the global standard deviation of normal sinus RR interval(SDNN),sinus RR interval mean standard deviation(SDANN),and normal continuous sinus RR interval difference root mean square(RMSSD).Meanwhile,adjacent RR interval difference>50 ms as a percentage of the total inter-period(PNN50),HRV triangle index,standard deviation of the difference between the length of the entire adjacent NN interperiod(SDSD),and 24 h holter electrocardiogram HRV time-domain relevant indicators were compared among the three groups.The influence of bone metabolism parameters on cardiac autonomic nervous function and their correlation were analyzed,and the optimal cutting point of cardiac autonomic nervous function was predicted by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results SBP,heart rate(HR),FPG,PWV,PTH and β-CTX in groups of 10 ng/ml,10~20 ng/ml and 20~30 ng/ml decreased in turn(P<0.05),while HDL-C,ABI,25(OH)D,Ca2+and PNN50 decreased.Correlation analysis between Spearman and Pearson showed that 25(OH)D was positively correlated with SDNN,HRV triangle index,PNN50 and rMSSD(P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that 25(OH)D,Ca2+and HR were the influencing factors of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with T2DM.The ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the ROC curve of 25(OH)D,Ca2+and HR were 0.791,0.607 and 0.629,respectively,with sensitivity of 73.4%,53.2%and 38.7%,and specificity of 74.0%,93.6%and 81.4%,respectively.Conclusions 25(OH)D is the influencing factor of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with T2DM,and patients with high degree of deficiency are more prone to cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction.
6.Analysis on Efficiency and Hemolysis Performance of Centrifugal Blood Pump with Axial Clearance
Yiping XIAO ; Yuan XIAO ; Zhanshuo CAO ; Qilong LIAN ; Guomin CUI ; Jinyang WANG
Journal of Medical Biomechanics 2025;40(2):404-411
Objective To study the effects of different clearance conditions(equal upper and lower axial clearance,change of upper/lower axial clearance,axial displacement of blades)on efficiency and hemolysis performance of blood pump.Methods The blood pumps under three kinds of clearance conditions were numerically simulated by computational fluid dynamics.Results For efficiency,when the upper and lower axial clearance was equal,the lower axial clearance was unchanged and the upper axial clearance was reduced,the efficiency of blood pump could be improved by 0.85%,1.71%and 2.90%,respectively.While the upper shaft clearance remained unchanged,the lower shaft clearance was decreased by 1.18%.For hemolysis,the increase of the clearance could reduce the hemolysis index(HI)under the first two clearance conditions,while the axial migration of the blade wheel would increase the HI.When the upper axial clearance was unchanged and the lower axial clearance was 0.3 mm,the HI was the largest,which was 8.65×10-4.When the upper and lower axial clearance was 0.7 mm,the HI was the smallest,which was 4.51×10-4.Conclusions Improving blood pump clearance is helpful to optimize the performance of blood pump.This study can provide some references for the design and optimization of interstitial structure of blood pump.
7.Association between body roundness index and hyperuricemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Fanfan LI ; Lu NIU ; Jingjuan LI ; Yuanyuan LIU ; Ruifei YANG ; Xiaoqiong CHENG ; Binbin AN ; Zhenya WU ; Hongmei MA ; Lijuan WANG ; Shengnan LIU ; Jinyang WANG
Chinese Journal of Diabetes 2025;33(6):419-423
Objective To investigate the association between body roundness index(BRI)and hyperuricemia(HUA)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods 555 T2DM inpatients were selected from July 2022 to October 2023 in Gansu Province People's Hospital Endocrinology.According to BRI,the T2DM patients were divided into four group:low BRI(L-BRI,BRI≤3.579,n=140)group,moderate BRI(M-BRI,3.579
8.Real-world efficacy and safety of azvudine in hospitalized older patients with COVID-19 during the omicron wave in China: A retrospective cohort study.
Yuanchao ZHU ; Fei ZHAO ; Yubing ZHU ; Xingang LI ; Deshi DONG ; Bolin ZHU ; Jianchun LI ; Xin HU ; Zinan ZHAO ; Wenfeng XU ; Yang JV ; Dandan WANG ; Yingming ZHENG ; Yiwen DONG ; Lu LI ; Shilei YANG ; Zhiyuan TENG ; Ling LU ; Jingwei ZHU ; Linzhe DU ; Yunxin LIU ; Lechuan JIA ; Qiujv ZHANG ; Hui MA ; Ana ZHAO ; Hongliu JIANG ; Xin XU ; Jinli WANG ; Xuping QIAN ; Wei ZHANG ; Tingting ZHENG ; Chunxia YANG ; Xuguang CHEN ; Kun LIU ; Huanhuan JIANG ; Dongxiang QU ; Jia SONG ; Hua CHENG ; Wenfang SUN ; Hanqiu ZHAN ; Xiao LI ; Yafeng WANG ; Aixia WANG ; Li LIU ; Lihua YANG ; Nan ZHANG ; Shumin CHEN ; Jingjing MA ; Wei LIU ; Xiaoxiang DU ; Meiqin ZHENG ; Liyan WAN ; Guangqing DU ; Hangmei LIU ; Pengfei JIN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2025;15(1):123-132
Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T NANC), time to symptom improvement (T SI), and time of hospital stay (T HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.
9.Efficacy and influencing factors of cognitive behavior therapy combined with SSRIs in the treatment of major depressive disorder
Shujun HOU ; Jinyang LI ; Chun WANG
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry 2025;58(5):384-391
To date, most studies support the combination therapy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) compared to monotherapy in adolescents, adults, and older adults with major depressive disorder. However, the results were inconsistent. This article reviews the efficacy and influencing factors of CBT combined with SSRIs in the treatment of adolescents, adults, and elderly patients with major depressive disorder. It is suggested that the efficacy of this combination therapy is related to the severity of depression, cognitive function, education level, responsiveness to treatment, duration of treatment and end time of treatment, and the shortcomings and prospects of the previous research are put forward.
10.Integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis identifies BCL6B as a novel regulator of human pluripotent stem cell to endothelial differentiation.
Yonglin ZHU ; Jinyang LIU ; Jia WANG ; Shuangyuan DING ; Hui QIU ; Xia CHEN ; Jianying GUO ; Peiliang WANG ; Xingwu ZHANG ; Fengzhi ZHANG ; Rujin HUANG ; Fuyu DUAN ; Lin WANG ; Jie NA
Protein & Cell 2025;16(11):985-990

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