OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of hospital-acquired infections on medical resource consumption un-der the diagnosis-related group(DRG)payment method.METHOD Medical record information and settlement lists of all discharged patients from Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from 2022 to 2023 were selected.Based on the Zhejiang Provincial Medical Insurance Bureau's diagnosis-related groups(ZJ-DRG)Edition 1.0,indicators such as time consumption index,cost consumption index,length of stay,total hospitalization costs and detailed cost breakdowns were used to analyze cases in the hospital-acquired infection group and the non-hospital-ac-quired infection group.RESULTS Among the 268 278 cases included in the study,2 186 were infected,with an in-fection rate of 0.81％.The infection rates for medical DRG disease group,surgical DRG disease group,and proce-dural DRG disease group were 0.86％(917/105 916),0.82％(1 069/131 112),and 0.64％(200/31 250),re-spectively.The time consumption index and cost consumption index were higher in the hospital-acquired infection group than in the non-hospital-acquired infection group(P＜0.05).In the RW21 group,the length of stay,total hospitalization costs and detailed cost breakdowns were all higher in the hospital-acquired infection group than in the non-hospital-acquired infection group(P＜0.05).Similarly,in the BB21 and GK11 groups,the hospital-ac-quired infection group had high length of stay,total hospitalization costs,medicine fees,treatment fees,material fees,laboratory fees,examination fees and other fees compared to the non-hospital-acquired infection group(P＜0.05).Bone(joint)infections,respiratory infections,and infectious fever had a significant impact on the time consumption index,while respiratory infections,bone(joint)infections and urinary tract infections had a relative-ly great impact on the cost consumption index.CONCLUSIONS Hospital-acquired infections result in additional consumption of medical resources.By analyzing the consumption of medical resources related to DRG disease groups,key monitoring disease groups for nosocomial infection control can be identified,which can aid relevant departments and clinical departments in taking early intervention measures,strengthen key prevention efforts,re-duce the incidence of nosocomial infections,and shorten the length of stay.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of hospital-acquired infections on medical resource consumption un-der the diagnosis-related group(DRG)payment method.METHOD Medical record information and settlement lists of all discharged patients from Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from 2022 to 2023 were selected.Based on the Zhejiang Provincial Medical Insurance Bureau's diagnosis-related groups(ZJ-DRG)Edition 1.0,indicators such as time consumption index,cost consumption index,length of stay,total hospitalization costs and detailed cost breakdowns were used to analyze cases in the hospital-acquired infection group and the non-hospital-ac-quired infection group.RESULTS Among the 268 278 cases included in the study,2 186 were infected,with an in-fection rate of 0.81％.The infection rates for medical DRG disease group,surgical DRG disease group,and proce-dural DRG disease group were 0.86％(917/105 916),0.82％(1 069/131 112),and 0.64％(200/31 250),re-spectively.The time consumption index and cost consumption index were higher in the hospital-acquired infection group than in the non-hospital-acquired infection group(P＜0.05).In the RW21 group,the length of stay,total hospitalization costs and detailed cost breakdowns were all higher in the hospital-acquired infection group than in the non-hospital-acquired infection group(P＜0.05).Similarly,in the BB21 and GK11 groups,the hospital-ac-quired infection group had high length of stay,total hospitalization costs,medicine fees,treatment fees,material fees,laboratory fees,examination fees and other fees compared to the non-hospital-acquired infection group(P＜0.05).Bone(joint)infections,respiratory infections,and infectious fever had a significant impact on the time consumption index,while respiratory infections,bone(joint)infections and urinary tract infections had a relative-ly great impact on the cost consumption index.CONCLUSIONS Hospital-acquired infections result in additional consumption of medical resources.By analyzing the consumption of medical resources related to DRG disease groups,key monitoring disease groups for nosocomial infection control can be identified,which can aid relevant departments and clinical departments in taking early intervention measures,strengthen key prevention efforts,re-duce the incidence of nosocomial infections,and shorten the length of stay.

Objective:To analyze the surveillance data of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Shandong Province, master the changes of KBD, and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of KBD and adjustment of the prevention and control focus of KBD.Methods:According to the requirements of the "National KBD Monitoring Plan" and the "Shandong KBD Monitoring Plan", from 2016 to 2020, the disease monitoring was carried out in the villages of KBD areas in Shandong Province, including the number of clinical positive cases, the number of X-ray positive cases, and the number of metaphyseal positive cases. The detection rate was calculated, and the dynamic changes of the disease was analyzed macroscopically.Results:From 2016 to 2020, a total of 1 816 children aged 7 - 12 years were clinically examined in Shandong Province, and no child with KBD was found. A total of 1 224 children were examined by X-ray, among which 1 positive patient was found in 2016 and 2017, respectively, both of whom were metaphyseal changes, with a total detection rate of 0.16%. There were 367 adult patients with KBD in Shandong Province, including 304 patients with grade Ⅰ, 47 patients with grade Ⅱ and 16 patients with grade Ⅲ. All villages in the KBD areas in Shandong Province had reached the elimination standard, with the elimination rate of 100%.Conclusion:No clinical case of KBD is detected in children aged 7 - 12 years in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2020, which has reached the elimination standard and is in a continuous elimination state.

Objective:To dynamically monitor the prevalence and trend of dental fluorosis in children in Shandong Province, and to evaluate the prevention and control measures for drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis (referred to as drinking water-borne fluorosis), and to provide scientific basis for the next step.Methods:Totally 40 counties (cities, districts) were selected as project counties (cities, districts) from drinking water-borne fluorosis areas in Shandong Province in 2018, and all counties (cities, districts) were selected in 2019 and 2020, to investigate the situation of water improvement, detect water fluoride content, and investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years.Results:From 2018 to 2020, the detection rates of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years were 10.30% (503/4 884), 8.94% (25 895/289 539) and 8.66% (24 061/277 689), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ 2 = 27.10, P < 0.001), and the dental fluorosis indexes were 0.21, 0.18 and 0.17, respectively. The total detection rates of dental fluorosis in children of different age groups in the 3 years were 7.26% (6 590/90 775), 7.97% (9 303/116 680), 9.29% (12 167/130 915), 9.29% (12 238/131 670) and 9.95% (10 161/102 072), the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 615.71, P < 0.001). In the 3 years, the total detection rate of dental fluorosis was 8.93% (28 101/314 737) in boys and 8.69% (22 358/257 375) in girls, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 10.27, P = 0.001). In 2018 and 2019, the detection rates of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 years in water fluoride qualified villages [5.74% (235/4 095) and 7.98% (20 200/253 082)] were significantly lower than those in villages with excessive water fluoride [33.97% (268/789) and 15.62% (5 695/36 457), χ 2 = 570.61, 2 283.76, P < 0.001]. Conclusions:The prevalence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 - 12 years has been effectively controlled, and remarkable results have been achieved in prevention and treatment of drinking water-borne fluorosis in Shandong Province. However, the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children in a few endemic villages is high, so it is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring of fluoride content in drinking water and the condition of dental fluorosis among children.

The existing doctor-patient communication pattern often falls prey to insufficient informed consent and even medical disputes. In the patient centered perspective, Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital explored a new communication mode centering on patients. Based on diagnosis-related groups catalogues and high-frequency surgeries catalogues of the departments, multimedia technology was called into play to produce dubbed PPTs and videos that were easy to understand, standardized and homogeneous, which were embedded into medical records system. Following observation of the PPT or video, patients could directly sign an informed consent on the computer. This practice not only deepens patient′s understanding and achieves homogeneous level of the communication, but also elevates doctor′s work efficiency, contributing to building a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment strategy of chronic low-er limb arterial ischemic. Methods The clinical data of 60 patients with chronic lower limb arterial ische-mic-treated from January 2017 to May 2017 were analyzed retrospectively (63 affected limbs). According to the patient's physical condition, clinical symptoms and pathological features, individualized surgical treat-ment was selected, including autogenous great saphenous vein or artificial blood vessel bypass grafting, ar-tery intima stripped, balloon dilatation, stenting, intracavity volume reduction, or hybrid procedures. The ankle brachial index of preoperative and postoperative 3 months was monitored, and patients were classified according to the Rutherford classification standard. Results Sixty cases were underwent surgery treatment, three patients were treated with bilateral lower limbs in the same period, successfully 58 cases and success rate reached 96. 67％. One case was subjected to amputation, and 1 case died (cardiovascular disease). Postoperative 3 month follow-up, the Rutherford grading of 59 affected limbs was improved markedly, aver-age ankle brachial index of postoperative was higher than preoperative ( P<0. 05 ) . Six cases of patients with ulcer were cured, the ulcer surface of 2 cases were significantly narrowed. Conclusions The inci-dence of chronic lower limb arterial ischemic is increasing year by year, the treatment ideas are constantly updated. It is safe and effective to select individualized treatment according to the patients' physical condi-tion, clinical symptoms and pathological feature. However it still needs to enlarge the sample and extend the time of follow-up to verify this point.

Objective To discuss the anesthetic effect of iv injection with propofol for pediatric orchiopexy.Methods Totally 80 children who needed orchiopexy were selected,and were divided into two groups randomly.The control group (39 cases) were iv given propofol and ketamine for anesthesia.The observation group (41 cases) were iv given propofol,ketamine,and remifentanil.The anesthetic effect of propofol for pediatric orchiopexy was evaluated by HR,MAP,SpO2,recovery time,dosage of propofol and ketamine,and postoperative adverse reaction.Results Before the injection and injection for 5 min,there was no statistical significance on MAP,HR,and SpO2 between two groups.Pulling the testicles,the MAP and HR in observation group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical significance on SpO2.The recovery time of observation group was shorter than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).And the dosages of propofol and ketamine in observation group were also less than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical significance on postoperative adverse reaction between two groups.Conclusion The iv anesthesia with propofol has a good anesthetic effect on the pediatric orchiopexy.The anesthesia is stable and has little effect on vital signs,rapid postoperative recovery without increasing adverse reaction,which is worthy of clinical use.

Objective To research the relationship between hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and serum free estriol 3 (FE3) and explore its impact on pregnancy outcome.Methods Clinical data of 117 hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and 165 normal pregnant women were retrospectivly analyzed.Chemiluminescence immunoassay determination of maternal serum FE3 also had been conducted.Then analyzing the correlation between hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and FE3 and its impact on pregnancy outcomes.Results LDL cholesterol and the level of creatinine of observation group were significantly lower than the control group(t =3.129,9.372,all P ＜ 0.05),while blood pressure,triglycerides,HDL,and 24-hour urinary protein content were significantly higher than control groug(t =7.361,2.398,2.833,all P ＜ 0.05).The FE3 level of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group (t =2.913,P ＜ 0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between the FE3 level of normal pregnant women and their gestational age (r =0.937,P ＜ 0.05).The probabilities of premature birth,premature rupture of membranes,postpartum hemorrhage,and neonatal asphyxia of observation group were significantly higher than amtrol group (x2 =3.912,3.879,4.267,6.935,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There is a significant correlation between hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and FE3,which has an important significance on monitoring the health status of pregnant women and the fetal-placental function.

The gene expressions of codeinone reductase (COR) and berberine bridge enzyme (BBE) in Papaver somniferum were blocked by RNA hairpin of RNA interference (RNAi). The complete sequences of COR and BBE genes were cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the results of homology comparison revealed that the cloned COR and BBE genes had high homology with the other gene family members reported in the GenBank. The target sequences of COR and BBE genes were screened in accordance with the design principle of RNAi, a 643 bp fusion gene was obtained by the method of overlapping PCR, then plant expression vector ihpRNA was constructed based on intermediate vector pHANNIBAL and plant expression vector pCEPSPS. With that 78 transgenic plants were obtained through Agrobacterium-mediated and 17 positive plants were screened by PCR, that could initially indicate that the target fragments of COR and BBE gene had been integrated into tobacco genome.