ObjectiveTo develop an emotion management course and evaluate its effectiveness in improving emotion regulation, coping strategies, and anxiety and depression among first-year university students, so as to provide a basis for colleges to optimize mental health education courses. MethodsUsing a multi-stage cluster random sampling method, five classes of first-year students (n=169) from a university were randomly selected as participants, with three classes assigned to the experimental group (n=102) and two classes to the control group (n=67). The experimental group attended both the standard mental health education course and the emotion management course developed in this study, while the control group only attended the standard mental health education course. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). ResultsBefore the intervention, there were no significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in ERQ, SCSQ, SDS, and SAS scores (P>0.05). After the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated greater improvements than the control group in the ERQ expression inhibition subscale (14.42±5.05, 16.12±5.65), SCSQ positive coping tendency (1.97±0.51, 1.80±0.49) and negative coping tendency (1.26±0.55, 1.47±0.50), as well as in SDS (50.26±11.48, 53.86±8.21) and SAS (43.96±11.97, 47.59±9.50) scores (t value: 2.039, 2.144, 2.572; Z value: -2.214, -2.486; P<0.05). Compared with pre-intervention scores, the experimental group also showed improvements in the ERQ cognitive reappraisal subscale (32.19±5.76, 30.92±6.18), SCSQ positive coping tendency (1.97±0.51, 1.83±0.48), and SDS scores (50.26±11.48, 50.75±11.59) (t value: -2.654, -3.027; Z value: -2.100, P<0.05). ConclusionThe emotion management course effectively enhances students’ use of cognitive reappraisal strategies while reducing reliance on expressive suppression. It also contributes to improvements in coping strategies for life events and alleviates symptoms of depression and anxiety. Universities should consider integrating emotion management education into their curricula to enhance the mental well-being of first-year students.

The core pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) is the aberrant aggregation and impaired clearance of pathological proteins. Valosin-containing protein (VCP) plays a pivotal role in maintaining intracellular protein homeostasis by regulating the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosome pathway. Pathogenic mutations or dysfunction of VCP can trigger widespread protein clearance defects, leading to pathological protein aggregation and neuronal death, and consequently contributing to NDDs progression. This article reviews the molecular structure and functions of VCP, as well as the role of VCP mutations or dysfunction in pathogenesis of inclusion body myopathy with Paget's disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease, so as to provide new strategies and directions for NDDs treatment.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of crisaborole ointment 2% versus pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged 2 years or older.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 120 pediatric patients aged 2 - 17 years with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were enrolled from departments of dermatology of 8 hospitals in China between March 2022 and February 2023. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio to the crisaborole group and the pimecrolimus group, and received the treatment with crisaborole ointment 2% and pimecrolimus cream 1% respectively, twice a day for 4 weeks. Visits were scheduled at baseline/on day 1, as well as on days 8, 15, and 29. The primary efficacy outcome was the percentage of patients achieving the Investigator's Static Global Assessment (ISGA) success (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale, combined with ≥ 2‐grade improvement from baseline) on day 29. The secondary efficacy outcomes included changes in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) total scores from baseline to day 29, percentages of patients achieving ISGA improvement (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale), as well as changes in the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) /Infants' Dermatology Life Quality Index (IDLQI) /Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) scores, and in the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) scores. Drug safety was evaluated according to the incidence of adverse events. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test. Since measurement data did not follow a normal distribution, the rank sum test was used for comparisons of measurement data between groups.Results:A total of 106 children with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were included in the per-protocol analysis set, with 52 in the crisaborole group (26 males and 26 females) and 54 in the pimecrolimus group (27 males and 27 females). There were no significant differences in age, disease duration, ISGA and EASI scores at baseline between the two groups (all P > 0.05). On day 29, 22 patients (42.31%) in the crisaborole group and 25 (46.30%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA success, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.17, P = 0.68) ; 35 patients (67.31%) in the crisaborole group and 45 (83.33%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA improvement, also with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 3.68, P = 0.06) ; additionally, there were no significant differences in the EASI, pruritus NRS, DLQI/IDLQI/CDLQI, or DFI scores between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Adverse reactions to the two topical agents were mainly local reactions such as mild to moderate pain, itching, or worsening of itching, and no obvious systemic adverse reactions occurred. The incidence of drug-related adverse reactions was 46.15% (24 cases) in the crisaborole group and 37.04% (20 cases) in the pimecrolimus group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.91, P = 0.34) . Conclusion:The efficacy of crisaborole ointment 2% was comparable to that of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged ≥ 2 years, and it yielded early and rapid improvement in the quality of life of patients and their families, with good safety and tolerability profiles.

The core pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) is the aberrant aggregation and impaired clearance of pathological proteins. Valosin-containing protein (VCP) plays a pivotal role in maintaining intracellular protein homeostasis by regulating the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosome pathway. Pathogenic mutations or dysfunction of VCP can trigger widespread protein clearance defects, leading to pathological protein aggregation and neuronal death, and consequently contributing to NDDs progression. This article reviews the molecular structure and functions of VCP, as well as the role of VCP mutations or dysfunction in pathogenesis of inclusion body myopathy with Paget's disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease, so as to provide new strategies and directions for NDDs treatment.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of crisaborole ointment 2% versus pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged 2 years or older.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 120 pediatric patients aged 2 - 17 years with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were enrolled from departments of dermatology of 8 hospitals in China between March 2022 and February 2023. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio to the crisaborole group and the pimecrolimus group, and received the treatment with crisaborole ointment 2% and pimecrolimus cream 1% respectively, twice a day for 4 weeks. Visits were scheduled at baseline/on day 1, as well as on days 8, 15, and 29. The primary efficacy outcome was the percentage of patients achieving the Investigator's Static Global Assessment (ISGA) success (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale, combined with ≥ 2‐grade improvement from baseline) on day 29. The secondary efficacy outcomes included changes in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) total scores from baseline to day 29, percentages of patients achieving ISGA improvement (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale), as well as changes in the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) /Infants' Dermatology Life Quality Index (IDLQI) /Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) scores, and in the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) scores. Drug safety was evaluated according to the incidence of adverse events. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test. Since measurement data did not follow a normal distribution, the rank sum test was used for comparisons of measurement data between groups.Results:A total of 106 children with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were included in the per-protocol analysis set, with 52 in the crisaborole group (26 males and 26 females) and 54 in the pimecrolimus group (27 males and 27 females). There were no significant differences in age, disease duration, ISGA and EASI scores at baseline between the two groups (all P > 0.05). On day 29, 22 patients (42.31%) in the crisaborole group and 25 (46.30%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA success, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.17, P = 0.68) ; 35 patients (67.31%) in the crisaborole group and 45 (83.33%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA improvement, also with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 3.68, P = 0.06) ; additionally, there were no significant differences in the EASI, pruritus NRS, DLQI/IDLQI/CDLQI, or DFI scores between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Adverse reactions to the two topical agents were mainly local reactions such as mild to moderate pain, itching, or worsening of itching, and no obvious systemic adverse reactions occurred. The incidence of drug-related adverse reactions was 46.15% (24 cases) in the crisaborole group and 37.04% (20 cases) in the pimecrolimus group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.91, P = 0.34) . Conclusion:The efficacy of crisaborole ointment 2% was comparable to that of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged ≥ 2 years, and it yielded early and rapid improvement in the quality of life of patients and their families, with good safety and tolerability profiles.

Objective:To determine whether insulin resistance is associated with all-cause mortality in subjects without diabetes.Methods:A total of 505 participants without diabetes, 198 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 307 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), were recruited from the Daqing Diabetes Study. The participants were followed up for 30 years. They were stratified into three groups (tertiles) according to baseline homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) levels, as the HOMA-IR 0, the HOMA-IR 1 and the HOMA-IR 2 groups, to assess the predictive effect of insulin resistance on risk of all-cause mortality.Results:During the 30-year follow-up, 52, 56 and 78 participants died across the three HOMA-IR groups, respectively. The corresponding mortality per 1 000 person-years (95 %CI) were 12.12 (9.56-15.01), 13.10 (10.46-16.03) and 19.91 (16.73-23.15), respectively. Participants in the HOMA-IR 2 group had a significantly higher risk of death than those in the HOMA-IR 0 group after adjustment of age, sex and smoking status ( HR=1.97,95 %CI 1.38-2.81, P<0.001). Cox analyses showed that a one standard deviation increase in HOMA-IR was associated with a 22% increase in the mortality after adjustment of potential confounders ( HR=1.22, 95 %CI 1.08-1.39, P=0.002). Conclusions:Insulin resistance is associated with increased risk of all-cause death in Chinese people without diabetes, suggesting that improving insulin resistance could be beneficial for people without diabetic in reducing risk of long-term all-cause mortality.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between inflammatory factors and relevant risk factors in patients of essential hypertension (EH) combining acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with its clinical significance. Methods: Our research included 3 groups: EH group, n=79 patients with standard criteria, EH+ACS group, n=85 and Control group, n=48 normal subjects. Blood levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), tryptase (TPS) and relevant clinical, biochemical parameters were measured; risk factors for cardiovascular disease were examined and the relationship between above parameters, risk factors and ACS occurrence in EH patients was studied by Logistic regression analysis. Results: The OR values were all greater than 1 in fibrinogen (Fbg), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), TPS, atherosclerotic plaque, Lp-PLA2 and EH grading. Fbg was the most significant independent risk factor (OR=22.242, 95% CI 6.458-76.609, P<0.0001), the standardized partial regression coefficient b'as absolute value (b') was 1.079 which was the highestone in above 6 variables with the strongest impact for ACS occurrence in EH patients. Conclusion: Fbg, hs-CRP, TPS, atherosclerotic plaque and EH grading were the independent risk factors for ACS occurrence in EH patients; Fbg was the highest risk factor for ACS occurrence with the strongest impact, which provided a new direction for ACS prevention and treatment.

Objective:To study the positive expression rate of M2 subtype of macrophage cell surface molecules and the inflammatory factors of PPS in IL-4-induced M2 macrophage.Methods:The experiment was divided into 5 groups:blank control group, Model group,PPS groups(50 μg/ml,100 μg/ml and 200 μg/ml).The expression of CD206 and CD23 was used as bio-maker to confirm IL-4 induced macrophages by treating RAW264.7 with 20ng/ml of IL-4.IL-4 induced RAW264.7 cells were treated with PPS of 50μg/ml,100μg/ml and 200μg/ml for 24 h.Then the expression of CD206,CD16/32 and CD40 were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the mRNA expression of IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-10 and iNOS were detect by qRT-PCR.Results: After treated with IL-4,the positive rate of CD206 of RAW264.7 were high.After treated with PPS ,the rate of CD16/32 and CD40 in IL-4 induced RAW264.7 cells were high ,the expression of CD206 decreased,and the mRNA level of IL-1βand TNF-αincreased.Conclusion:RAW264.7 cells can be polarlized to M2 subtype macrophage by using 20 ng/ml IL-4.PPS enhances the mRNA of IL-1β,TNF-αand the expression of CD40, CD16/32 in IL-4-induced RAW264.7 cells .These results indicate that PPS can induce the M2 subtype to become M1 macrophages, can improve immune function of macrophages.

To explore the clinicopathological characteristics of parathyroid crisis.The data of 3 cases from our hospital and 125 cases reported domestically were retrospectively analyzed.All 3 cases were male.And their disease course was 3 months to 10 years.The serum calcium ranged from 3.72 to 5.19 mmol/l.Among 177 retrieved cases,125 had complete basic data.The male/female ratio was 1∶ 1.17,average age (46 ± 14) (15-75) years and average serum calcium (4.30 ± 0.58) (3.75-7.28) mmol/L.There was no difference between genders or benign and malignant pathological types.Among 117 eases with pathological diagnosis,the most common type was adenoma (74.4％).The ratio of parathyroid carcinoma was higher in males than that in females (33.3％ vs.11.7％).Misdiagnosis rate was 25.0％ upon initial presentations.Case fatality rate stood at 9.4％ (17/180) and half of them died preoperatively.

Objective To explore the value of 64-slice multi-detector computed tomography coronary angiography (64SCTA) in detecting the coronary artery plaque and to analyze the risk factors for unstable plaque. Methods A total of 112 inpatients who had been diagnosed as coronary artery disease by 64SCTA received catheter coronary angiography (CAG). The levels of serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. The effect of 64SCTA in detecting the coronary artery plaque was evaluated as compared with CAG. The patients were divided into the soft plaque group (n=51) and non-soft plaque group (n=61) according to the CT value of correctly detected plaque. The differences in the above detection indexes between two groups and the risk factors for soft plaque forming were analyzed. Results The 64SCTA had 87.4% sensitivity and 87.1% specificity in detecting coronary artery plaque, the positive predictive value was 82.2% and the negative predictive value was 91.0%. There were significant differences between soft plaque group and non-soft plaque group in the levels of MMP-9, IL-6, hs-CRP, the number of coronary lesions and the composition ratios of gender, diagnosis and diabetes. Logistic regression analysis showed that MMP-9>5.231 ng/L (P=0.0215, OR=2.33, 95%CI 1.13-4.79), hs-CRP>3.583 mg/L (P=0.0008, OR=4.32, 95%CI 1.84-10.15) and unstable angina pectoris (P=0. 0339, OR=4.33, 95% CI 1.12-16.77) were the risk factors for soft plaque formation. Conclusions 64SCTA has highervalue in detecting the coronary artery plaque, and is one of most reliable means in non-invasive methods. MMP-9, hs-CRP and unstable angina pectoris are independent risk factors of plaque instability.