Objective: To compare and analyze the antibacterial effects of platelets against five common clinical pathogenic bacteria including MRSA, SE, SA, E. coli, and CRKP, and to preliminarily explore the role of DCD sensitivity in the observed variations of antibacterial effects. Methods: The same number of platelets were used to establish co-culture systems of platelets and platelet lysates with the five pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effects of platelets and platelet lysates on the five pathogenic bacteria were evaluated by observing the turbidity of the bacterial solution, measuring the OD value of the bacterial solution and counting the colonies. The supernatant protein of platelets co-cultured with MRSA was collected for quantitative proteomics analysis to explore the important antibacterial proteins of platelets. The content of DCD in the supernatant after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with the five pathogenic bacteria was detected by ELISA to preliminarily analyze the reasons for the different antibacterial effects of platelets on the five pathogenic bacteria. Results: Compared with the control group of MRSA, SA, and SE, the turbidity of the bacterial solution decreased after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with MRSA, SA, and SE for 12 h, and the OD value and colony count were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The turbidity of the bacterial solution did not change significantly after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with E. coli for 24 h, but the OD value decreased (P<0.05), and the colony count decreased to 10 CFU/mL but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with the control group of CRKP, the turbidity, OD value, and colony count of the bacterial solution did not change significantly after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with CRKP (P>0.05). Proteomics results showed that after co-culture with MRSA, important proteins related to platelet activation, including collagen, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, integrin αIIbβ3, platelet glycoprotein V and IV were significantly up-regulated. ELISA results showed that after co-culture with the five pathogenic bacteria, platelets could secrete a large amount of DCD, with the content around 3 μg/mL. Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of platelets on Gram-positive bacteria MRSA, SA, and SE is better than that on Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and CRKP, and platelets have the best antibacterial effect on MRSA. The differences in antibacterial effects of platelets on the five pathogenic bacteria may be related to the sensitivity of DCD antibacterial peptides to the five pathogenic bacteria.

Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of common pneumonia pathogens in preschool children in Xining area and analyze the influencing factors of progression to severe pneumonia. Methods A total of 522 preschool children with pneumonia who were treated in our hospital from May 2021 to March 2024 were retrospectively selected as the research subjects. Sputum samples from children were taken to identify the pathogens and analyze their pathogenic epidemic characteristics.According to the diagnostic criteria in the 2019 version of ^“Standards for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children^”, determine whether it is severe pneumonia, and collect the clinical data of the children.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the progression of common pneumonia to severe pneumonia. Results Among the 522 children with pneumonia, 522 cases were infected with pathogens, of which 447 cases were single infection (85.63%), 75 cases were mixed infection (14.36%). A total of 597 pathogens were detected, including 257 viruses (43.05%), 240 bacteria (40.20%), 68 mycoplasma pneumoniae (11.39%) and 32 chlamydia pneumoniae (5.36) . The detection rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (149, 24.96%) and respiratory syncytial virus (118, 19.77%) were higher. Logistic regression results showed that length of hospital stay (OR=2.235, 95% CI: 1.552-3.439), ICU admission (OR=2.426, 95% CI: 1.769-3.881), intestinal microbiota disorder (OR=1.626, 95% CI: 1.335-2.842), multi-drug resistance (OR=2.086, 95%CI 1.417-2.905), mixed infection (OR=3.134, 95% CI : 2.217-8.857), nutritional risk (OR=2.783, 95% CI: 2.038-4.764), CRP (OR=2.589, 95% CI: 1.805-4.117), PCT (OR=1.486, 95%CI: 1.077-1.649), and white blood cells (OR=1.329, 95% CI: 1.021-1.536) were all associated with the risk of severe pneumonia (P<0.05). Conclusion The main pathogens of pneumonia in preschool children in Xining are Streptococcus pneumoniae and respiratory syncytial virus. Paying attention to the treatment of children with intestinal disorders, multiple infections, and malnutrition is of great significance to improve the progression of pneumonia.

Objective:To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of optic disc changes in children and adolescents with high myopia.Methods:A clinical cross-sectional study. A total of 162 children and adolescents with high myopia (162 eyes) who visited Department of Ophthalmology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University from January to April 2025 were included in this study. Myopia refractive error ≥6.00 D and/or axial length (AL) ≥26 mm. All participants underwent best-corrected visual acuity, refraction, fundus color photography, swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), and AL measurement. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (ChT) was measured within 1 mm using SS-OCT. Optic disc changes assessed included tilt, rotation, peripapillary atrophy (PPA), and peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS). The patients were divided into the children group (4-11 years old) and the adolescents group (12-18 years old) based on age, with 63 (38.9%, 63/162) and 99 (61.1%, 99/162) cases respectively. The incidence of ocular features and optic disc morphology changes in the two groups was compared and observed. According to the myopia diopter, the patients were divided into the high diopter long axial group (myopia diopter ≥6.00 D, AL≥26 mm) and the low diopter long axial group (myopia diopter <6.00 D, AL≥26 mm), with 85 (52.5%, 85/162) and 77 (47.5%, 77/162) eyes respectively. The incidence of optic disc morphological changes in the two groups was compared and observed. The comparison of quantitative data between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlations between PPA, optic disc tilt, PHOMS occurrence and gender, age, diopter, AL, and ChT. Results:Among the 162 patients, 103 were male and 59 were female. Age was 12 (10.5, 13.5) years old. Among the 162 eyes, the optic disc morphology changed in 152 eyes (93.8%, 152/162). Among them, the PPA, optic disc tilt, PHOMS, and optic disc rotation were 148 (91.4%, 148/162), 95 (58.6%, 95/162), 62 (38.3%, 62/162), and 35 (21.6%, 35/162) eyes respectively. Myopic macular degeneration in 137 eyes. There were 56 eyes with peripheral retinopathy. There was no statistically significant difference in myopia diopter, AL and ChT between the children group and the adolescent group ( Z=-1.201, -1.934, ?0.761; P=0.230, 0.053, 0.447). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidences of PPA, optic disc tilt and optic disc rotation ( χ2=0.293, 2.618, 0.398; P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of optic disc morphological changes between the low diopter long axial group and the high diopter long axial group ( χ2=0.000, P>0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the thinner the ChT, the higher the risk of PPA [odds ratio (OR) =0.98, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 0.97-0.99, P<0.001]. Female ( OR=2.3, 95% CI 1.04-5.07, P=0.039), older age ( OR=1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.37, P=0.043), thinner ChT ( OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.99-1.00, P=0.012), the higher the risk of optic disc tilt. The older the age, the higher the risk of developing PHOMS ( OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.40, P=0.006). Conclusions:Optic disc morphology changes may be the most common fundus alterations in children and adolescents with high myopia. The influencing factors of optic disc morphological changes (including PPA, optic disc tilt, and PHOMS) are female sex, advanced age, and ChT thinning.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)rs57095329 and rs6864584 of miR-146a gene and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).Methods A total of 96 patients diagnosed with CIN were randomly collected as the CIN group,and 225 healthy individuals examined during the same period were selected as the control group using SPSS software.Genotyping of the above SNP loci was performed using the TaqMan probe method,and their correlation with CIN was analyzed.Results The allele and genotype distribution of rs57095329 showed a statistically significant differences compared to the control group,with the frequency of the allele A in the CIN group significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.001;OR=0.48,95%CI:0.32～0.70).In the dominant model,individuals carrying the G allele(A/G-G/G)had a significantly increased risk of CIN(P<0.001;OR=2.67,95%CI:1.64～4.37).In contrast,no correlation was found between the rs6864584 and the risk of CIN.Conclusion The A allele of the miR-146a gene at the rs57095329 locus may be a protective factor for CIN.

Objective To investigate the utility of combining breast mass growth orientation quantification with the S-Detect technique for predicting axillary lymph node(ALN)metastasis in breast cancer.Methods Data was collected from 163 breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital between March 2023 and October 2024,who were categorized into metastatic(n=62)and non-metastatic(n=101)groups based on ALN pathology results.All patients underwent routine preoperative ultrasound and S-Detect examination.Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the correlation between each observational index and ALN metastasis.Significant indexes were identified through screening,leading to the establishment of a logistic regression prediction model.The predictive value of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Results The univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the maximum diameter of the mass,border characteristics,margin features,calcification patterns,orientation angle,and blood flow between the two groups.Multifactorial analysis demonstrated that calcification,border characteristics,orientation angle,margin features,and maximum diameter independently influenced the prediction of axillary lymph node(ALN)status in breast cancer patients(P<0.05).Consequently,a logistic regression prediction model was constructed as follows:Y=-7.995+2.299×maximal diameter+1.171×border+2.137×margin+1.397×calcication+0.034×orientation angle.The area under curve(AUC)for this combined prediction model was 0.869 which significantly outperformed each independent influencing factor alone(P<0.05),indicating good agreement between this joint prediction model and pathological results(Kappa=0.701,P<0.05).Conclusions Quantification of the orientation angle of a breast mass aids in predicting axillary lymph node(ALN)metastasis and enhances the interpretation and application of non-parallel orientations.The combination of quantifying growth orientation based on breast mass with artificial intelligence S-Detect technique demonstrates promising predictive value for ALN metastasis in breast cancer,providing a reference basis for personalized treatment.

Objective To investigate the utility of combining breast mass growth orientation quantification with the S-Detect technique for predicting axillary lymph node(ALN)metastasis in breast cancer.Methods Data was collected from 163 breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital between March 2023 and October 2024,who were categorized into metastatic(n=62)and non-metastatic(n=101)groups based on ALN pathology results.All patients underwent routine preoperative ultrasound and S-Detect examination.Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the correlation between each observational index and ALN metastasis.Significant indexes were identified through screening,leading to the establishment of a logistic regression prediction model.The predictive value of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Results The univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the maximum diameter of the mass,border characteristics,margin features,calcification patterns,orientation angle,and blood flow between the two groups.Multifactorial analysis demonstrated that calcification,border characteristics,orientation angle,margin features,and maximum diameter independently influenced the prediction of axillary lymph node(ALN)status in breast cancer patients(P<0.05).Consequently,a logistic regression prediction model was constructed as follows:Y=-7.995+2.299×maximal diameter+1.171×border+2.137×margin+1.397×calcication+0.034×orientation angle.The area under curve(AUC)for this combined prediction model was 0.869 which significantly outperformed each independent influencing factor alone(P<0.05),indicating good agreement between this joint prediction model and pathological results(Kappa=0.701,P<0.05).Conclusions Quantification of the orientation angle of a breast mass aids in predicting axillary lymph node(ALN)metastasis and enhances the interpretation and application of non-parallel orientations.The combination of quantifying growth orientation based on breast mass with artificial intelligence S-Detect technique demonstrates promising predictive value for ALN metastasis in breast cancer,providing a reference basis for personalized treatment.

Objective:To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of optic disc changes in children and adolescents with high myopia.Methods:A clinical cross-sectional study. A total of 162 children and adolescents with high myopia (162 eyes) who visited Department of Ophthalmology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University from January to April 2025 were included in this study. Myopia refractive error ≥6.00 D and/or axial length (AL) ≥26 mm. All participants underwent best-corrected visual acuity, refraction, fundus color photography, swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), and AL measurement. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (ChT) was measured within 1 mm using SS-OCT. Optic disc changes assessed included tilt, rotation, peripapillary atrophy (PPA), and peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS). The patients were divided into the children group (4-11 years old) and the adolescents group (12-18 years old) based on age, with 63 (38.9%, 63/162) and 99 (61.1%, 99/162) cases respectively. The incidence of ocular features and optic disc morphology changes in the two groups was compared and observed. According to the myopia diopter, the patients were divided into the high diopter long axial group (myopia diopter ≥6.00 D, AL≥26 mm) and the low diopter long axial group (myopia diopter <6.00 D, AL≥26 mm), with 85 (52.5%, 85/162) and 77 (47.5%, 77/162) eyes respectively. The incidence of optic disc morphological changes in the two groups was compared and observed. The comparison of quantitative data between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlations between PPA, optic disc tilt, PHOMS occurrence and gender, age, diopter, AL, and ChT. Results:Among the 162 patients, 103 were male and 59 were female. Age was 12 (10.5, 13.5) years old. Among the 162 eyes, the optic disc morphology changed in 152 eyes (93.8%, 152/162). Among them, the PPA, optic disc tilt, PHOMS, and optic disc rotation were 148 (91.4%, 148/162), 95 (58.6%, 95/162), 62 (38.3%, 62/162), and 35 (21.6%, 35/162) eyes respectively. Myopic macular degeneration in 137 eyes. There were 56 eyes with peripheral retinopathy. There was no statistically significant difference in myopia diopter, AL and ChT between the children group and the adolescent group ( Z=-1.201, -1.934, ?0.761; P=0.230, 0.053, 0.447). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidences of PPA, optic disc tilt and optic disc rotation ( χ2=0.293, 2.618, 0.398; P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of optic disc morphological changes between the low diopter long axial group and the high diopter long axial group ( χ2=0.000, P>0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the thinner the ChT, the higher the risk of PPA [odds ratio (OR) =0.98, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 0.97-0.99, P<0.001]. Female ( OR=2.3, 95% CI 1.04-5.07, P=0.039), older age ( OR=1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.37, P=0.043), thinner ChT ( OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.99-1.00, P=0.012), the higher the risk of optic disc tilt. The older the age, the higher the risk of developing PHOMS ( OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.40, P=0.006). Conclusions:Optic disc morphology changes may be the most common fundus alterations in children and adolescents with high myopia. The influencing factors of optic disc morphological changes (including PPA, optic disc tilt, and PHOMS) are female sex, advanced age, and ChT thinning.

Objective To analyze the expression of microRNA-451 (miR-451) in children with microcytic anemia and chronic infectious anemia, and to explore the correlation between miR-451 and erythrocyte-related parameters and its diagnostic value for anemia in children. Methods The expression levels of miR-451 in serum were detected in children with microcytic anemia (n=80), chronic infectious anemia (n=80), and healthy controls (n=80) using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlation between serum miR-451 and erythrocyte-related parameters[red blood cell distribution width (RDW), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV)]was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the diagnostic value of miR-451 for microcytic anemia, chronic infectious anemia, and the severity of anemia. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for the occurrence of microcytic anemia and chronic infectious anemia in children. Results The expression levels of serum miR-451 in the microcytic anemia group and chronic infectious anemia group were lower than those in the healthy control group(P < 0.05). The miR-451 was negatively correlated with RDW (r=-0.388, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with Hb, RBC, MCHC, MCH, and MCV (r=0.402, 0.393, 0.391, 0.360, 0.323, P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of serum miR-451 for diagnosing microcytic anemia and chronic infectious anemia was 0.718 and 0.735, respectively, which was higher than that of erythrocyte-related parameters such as RDW, Hb, RBC, MCHC, MCH, and MCV (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index, RDW, Hb, RBC, MCHC, MCH, MCV, and miR-451 were influencing factors for the occurrence of microcytic anemia and chronic infectious anemia in children (P < 0.05). With the aggravation of anemia in children, the expression level of serum miR-451 gradually decreased (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the level of serum miR-451 had a high diagnostic value for the severity of anemia in children. Conclusion The expression of miR-451 is reduced in serum of children with microcytic anemia and chronic infectious anemia, and its expression level is correlated with erythrocyte-related parameter levels. Serum miR-451 has a high diagnostic value for microcytic anemia, chronic infectious anemia, and the severity of anemia.

Objective To investigate the value of tranexamic acid combined with aspirin,low molecular weight heparin calcium in regulating inflammatory mediators and TEG in blood management of Total knee arthroplast(TKA).Methods 120 elderly patients with TKA in our hospital from January 2020 to October 2022 were randomly divided into group A(n=60)and group B(n=60).They were given tranexamic acid+aspirin and tranexamic acid+low molecular weight heparin calcium,respectively,for 2 weeks.Perioperative indexes,complications[lower limb deep vein thrombosis(DVT),intermuscular vein thrombosis(MCVT),incision infection],blood transfusion rate,adverse reactions(gastrointestinal discomfort,subcutaneous ecchymosis),TEG parameters[coagulation reaction time(R),blood coagulation time(K),maximum amplitude(MA),coagulation angle(α)],inflammatory mediators[soluble CD40 ligand(sCD40L),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)],vascular endothelial injury factors[soluble thromboregulatory protein(sTM),vascular endothelial cell growth factor(VEGF),E-selectin]were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the 24 h postoperative drainage volume,latent blood loss,total blood loss,intraoperative blood loss,Hb and HCT levels 72 h after surgery between the two groups(P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in TEG parameters between the two groups,at different time points,and between groups at different time points(P＞0.05);The serum levels of TLR4,sCD40L and TNF-α in group A were lower than those in group B 2 weeks after surgery(P＜0.05).The levels of plasma sTM and serum VEGF and E-selectin in group A were lower than those in group B 2 weeks after surgery(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis(DVT),intermuscular vein thrombosis(MCVT),incision infection and blood transfusion rate between group A and group B(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between group A and group B(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with the combination of low molecular weight heparin calcium,the combination of tranexamic acid and aspirin can protect vascular endothelium and inhibit inflammatory response.However,both can maintain the patient's coagulation function and avoid massive blood loss or thrombosis.There is no significant difference in safety and effectiveness.

Objective To assess the prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium(MG)in patients attending sexually transmitted disease(STD)clinic in Guangzhou,and to provide an epidemiological foundation for clinical treatment and laboratory diagnostics.Methods Utilizing real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR),we analyzed MG DNA in 2,749 clinical specimens collected from 2,722 outpatients in the Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from July 2019 to December 2021.Concurrent testing for MG,Chlamydia trachomatis(CT),and Neisseria gonorrhoeae(NG)was performed on 2,382 of these specimens.Patient data extracted from medical records were used to investigate the correlation between STD symptoms and MG infection.Results The investigation revealed that the overall prevalence of MG infection was 4.4%among the sampled patients(120 out of 2,722),with a higher prevalence in males(4.9%,or 87 out of 1,790)compared to in females(3.5%,or 33 out of 932).Notably,the prevalence decreased with increasing age.The highest incidence of MG infection was observed in females aged 18～25 years(6.4%,or 18 out of 281),while the lowest was in males aged 46 years and above(1.5%,or 5 out of 342),showing a statistically significant variation across age groups(P<0.05).Among males with urethritis symptoms,MG positive rate was significantly higher at 7.3%(42 out of 574).The rate of single MG infection was prominent,accounting for 89.9%(71 out of 79)in MG-positive male patients and 61.5%(16 out of 26)in MG-positive female patients.Co-infection rate of MG with CT was 1.2%in females and 0.3%in males,indicating a significant dif-ference(P<0.05).Conclusion The findings suggest a relatively high prevalence of MG infection and co-infection with CT among STD clinic attendees in Guangzhou,particularly in the younger demographic.The study underscores the need for early screening and vigilant surveillance of MG to mitigate its transmission among sexually active popula-tions at high risk.