Objective: To explore the completion status and related factors of preventive anti tuberculosis therapy among close contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in schools across Guizhou Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for optimizing preventive treatment strategies and raising the treatment completion rate among student close contacts. Methods: Demographic, epidemiological and preventive treatment related data were extracted from the Guizhou Disease Prevention and Control Cloud Platform-School Tuberculosis Management System. Totally 3 044 student subjects with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) who received the 3HR regimen and had final treatment outcomes between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2025 were enrolled in the study. The χ 2 test, Mann Whitney U- test and binary Logistic regression model were adopted to analyze factors associated with the completion of preventive treatment among the student LTBI population. Results: The overall completion rate of preventive treatment was 74.24%. The prevention treatment completion rate declined with prolonged medication duration( χ 2 trend =252.09, P <0.01). Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that students from private schools had higher odds of incomplete treatment compared with those from public schools ( OR =1.32, P <0.05). Compared with college students, students in primary school and below, junior high school, senior high school, secondary vocational school exhibited lower odds of incomplete treatment ( OR =0.35, 0.31, 0.59, 0.17,all P <0.05). Compared with contacts exposed in dormitories, classroom exposed and same floor or others exposed contacts showed higher odds of incomplete treatment ( OR =4.28, 8.59, both P <0.05). Participants with an interval exceeding 2 weeks from screening to treatment initiation were more likely to complete preventive treatment ( OR =0.80, P <0.05). Conclusions The overall completion rate of preventive treatment remains unsatisfactory among students with LTBI in Guizhou Province. Multiple interventions are recommended to improve treatment adherence and completion rates in the population, including implementing diversified medication supervision measures, strengthening public health management and supervision for private schools, establishing efficient referral and management mechanisms to enhance students treatment completion.

Objective To introduce an innovative technique, the "balance-shaped sternal elevation device" and its application in the subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for anterior mediastinal masses resection. Methods Patients who underwent single-port thoracoscopic assisted anterior mediastinal tumor resection through the xiphoid process at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from May to June 2024 were included, and their clinical data were analyzed. Results A total of 7 patients were included, with 3 males and 4 females, aged 28-72 years. The diameter of the tumor was 1.9-17.0 cm. The operation time was 62-308 min, intraoperative blood loss was 5-100 mL, postoperative chest drainage tube retention time was 0-9 days, pain score on the 7th day after surgery was 0-2 points, and postoperative hospital stay was 3-12 days. All patients underwent successful and complete resection of the masses and thymus, with favorable postoperative recovery. Conclusion The "balance-shaped sternal elevation device" effectively expands the retrosternal space, providing surgeons with satisfactory surgical views and operating space. This technique significantly enhances the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive surgery for anterior mediastinal masses, reduces trauma and postoperative pain, and accelerates patient recovery, demonstrating important clinical significance and application value.

Abstract Postoperative urinary retention is a common complication after mixed hemorrhoid surgery, referring to the inability of urine in the bladder to be normally expelled, leading to urine retention. This condition not only prolongs the postoperative recovery time and increases medical costs, but may also cause problems such as urinary tract infections and bladder dysfunction. The pathogenesis of urinary retention after mixed hemorrhoid surgery is complex, involving multiple factors such as the type of surgery, anesthesia method, individual differences among patients, postoperative pain management and psychological stress. Although there are various clinical treatment methods, their efficacy varies among individuals. This article reviews relevant literature from 2018 to 2024, analyzing the etiology of urinary retention after mixed hemorrhoid surgery. It summarizes the intervention measures and mechanisms of non-pharmacological treatments, such as physical therapy and analgesic techniques, as well as pharmacological treatments, including anticholinesterase drugs, selective α-receptor blockers and analgesics drugs, so as to provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of urinary retention after mixed hemorrhoid surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation(PTNS)in promoting recovery from short-term urinary dysfunction following surgery for benign anorectal diseases.Method:Eighty patients experiencing urinary dysfunction following surgery for benign anorectal diseases were randomly assigned to either a control group or a PTNS group,with 40 patients in each.The control group received standard treatment,whereas the PTNS group received standard treatment plus additional PTNS therapy.The outcomes of interest included urinary sensation grading,time to first urination,and urine volume.Additionally,postoperative pain,bowel function,and overall recovery were evaluated using the visual ana-logue scale(VAS),the HEMO-FISS-QoL(a quality of life questionnaire specific to hemorrhoidal disease),time to first bowel movement,and the Bristol stool scale.Result:The proportion of patients in the PTNS group who achieved an urinary sensation grade of III or high-er was 67.5%,significantly higher than the 37.5%observed in the control group(P=0.037).Furthermore,the PTNS group exhibited statistically significant improvements in the time to first urination(P=0.030)and the vol-ume of first urination(P=0.041)compared to the control group.In the control group,20%of patients re-quired indwelling catheterization,whereas only 12.5%of patients in the PTNS group required it.Regarding pain scores,patients in the PTNS group reported significantly lower levels of pain compared to those in the control group(P=0.024).Although both groups experienced improvements in quality of life scores post-treat-ment compared to pre-surgery,the between-group difference was not statistically significant(P=0.106).Pa-tients in the PTNS group had significantly shorter hospital stays compared to those in the control group(P<0.001).In terms of postoperative bowel movements,no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the time to first bowel movement(P=0.214)or stool consistency as assessed by the Bristol stool scale(P=0.363).No adverse events were reported in either group during the study period or follow-up.Conclusion:Surgery is a standard treatment for patients with mixed hemorrhoids,and when supplemented with postoperative PTNS therapy,it effectively restores bladder function,reduces postoperative pain,shortens hospital stays,and does not increase the risk of adverse events.Thus,it represents a viable alternative to tra-ditional treatment strategies.

Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) represents a significant evolution in minimally invasive surgery, designed to accomplish cholecystectomy via a single umbilical incision. This approach seeks to reduce abdominal wall trauma while optimizing cosmetic outcomes. SILC is a safe and feasible minimally invasive technique for cholecystectomy under defined conditions; however, its broader adoption will require further evidence-based research and the establishment of standardized protocols to support its widespread implementation. When performed by skilled surgeons in carefully selected patients, SILC demonstrates clinical outcomes comparable to those of conventional multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with notable improvements in incision aesthetics. Nonetheless, the technique is limited by a constrained operative field and a protracted learning curve. In response, continuous advancements in instrumentation and procedural modifications have propelled the further development and clinical integration of SILC. Drawing on current literature and clinical experience, this review delineates the technical characteristics, current clinical applications, primary benefits, and prevailing challenges associated with SILC.

Objective To analyze the research status,hotspots,and trends of wearable devices in nursing applications both domestically and internationally.Methods Using China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,and Embase core databases as data sources,VOSviewer was used to visualize and analyze the publication time,keywords,and other relevant literature.Results Total of 428 articles were included,including 196 Chinese articles and 232 English articles.The overall publication volume showed an upward trend.Domestic research focuses on chronic diseases,artificial intelligence,and nursing,with the main research subjects being the elderly;Foreign research focuses on smart devices,self-monitoring,and quality of life,with the main research subjects being adults.Conclusion Currently,the number of publications on the application of wearable devices in nursing is relatively small,but the overall research heat is on the rise,mainly used for chronic diseases and self-monitoring.In the future,the application scope of wearable devices should be expanded and their potential value should be explored to promote the innovation and progress of nursing models.

Objective To assess the clinical value of a novel surgical technique—Tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with percutaneous suspension technique via balance-shaped sternal elevation device in the resection of anterior mediastinal masses. Methods Patients who underwent tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery via balance-shaped sternal elevation device in anterior mediastinal masses process at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from March to April 2025 were included, and their clinical data were analyzed. Results A total of 4 patients were included, with 2 males and 2 females, aged 58-75 years. The diameter of the tumor was 2.5-3.0 cm. The operation time was 60.0-150.0 min, intraoperative blood loss was 5-10 mL, pain score on the 3rd day after surgery was 0 points, and postoperative hospital stay was 2-3 days. All patients achieved complete resection of the masses and thymus without perioperative complications. Conclusion The tubeless subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with percutaneous suspension technique via balance-shaped sternal elevation device technique optimizes surgical visualization and instrument maneuverability while avoiding complications related to conventional anesthesia and tubing, thereby markedly enhancing the minimally invasive profile of anterior mediastinal masses resections. In addition to maintaining procedural safety, this approach effectively reduces postoperative pain and accelerates patient recovery, highlighting its potential for widespread clinical adoption.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation(PTNS)in promoting recovery from short-term urinary dysfunction following surgery for benign anorectal diseases.Method:Eighty patients experiencing urinary dysfunction following surgery for benign anorectal diseases were randomly assigned to either a control group or a PTNS group,with 40 patients in each.The control group received standard treatment,whereas the PTNS group received standard treatment plus additional PTNS therapy.The outcomes of interest included urinary sensation grading,time to first urination,and urine volume.Additionally,postoperative pain,bowel function,and overall recovery were evaluated using the visual ana-logue scale(VAS),the HEMO-FISS-QoL(a quality of life questionnaire specific to hemorrhoidal disease),time to first bowel movement,and the Bristol stool scale.Result:The proportion of patients in the PTNS group who achieved an urinary sensation grade of III or high-er was 67.5%,significantly higher than the 37.5%observed in the control group(P=0.037).Furthermore,the PTNS group exhibited statistically significant improvements in the time to first urination(P=0.030)and the vol-ume of first urination(P=0.041)compared to the control group.In the control group,20%of patients re-quired indwelling catheterization,whereas only 12.5%of patients in the PTNS group required it.Regarding pain scores,patients in the PTNS group reported significantly lower levels of pain compared to those in the control group(P=0.024).Although both groups experienced improvements in quality of life scores post-treat-ment compared to pre-surgery,the between-group difference was not statistically significant(P=0.106).Pa-tients in the PTNS group had significantly shorter hospital stays compared to those in the control group(P<0.001).In terms of postoperative bowel movements,no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the time to first bowel movement(P=0.214)or stool consistency as assessed by the Bristol stool scale(P=0.363).No adverse events were reported in either group during the study period or follow-up.Conclusion:Surgery is a standard treatment for patients with mixed hemorrhoids,and when supplemented with postoperative PTNS therapy,it effectively restores bladder function,reduces postoperative pain,shortens hospital stays,and does not increase the risk of adverse events.Thus,it represents a viable alternative to tra-ditional treatment strategies.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) thymectomy for the treatment of thymoma through subxiphoid uniportal approach using double sternum retractors, and subxiphoid and subcostal arch approach. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of the patients diagnosed with thymoma who underwent VATS thymectomy from June 2023 to June 2024 in West China Hospital. Patients were categorized based on the surgical approach into two groups: a subxiphoid uniportal VATS thymectomy (SUVT) group and a subxiphoid and subcostal arch VATS thymectomy (SASAT) group. Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, thymoma size and location, and postoperative pain assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Results The SUVT group consisted of 20 patients, including 11 males and 9 females, with an average age of (51.5±14.3) years. The SASAT group comprised 40 patients, including 26 males and 14 females, with an average age of (50.0±13.0) years. Compared to the SASAT group, the SUVT group had significantly larger thymomas [ (5.9±2.7) cm vs. (4.2±2.1) cm, P=0.010] and a higher proportion of neoplasms located in the superior mediastinum (30.0% vs. 2.5%, P=0.007). Additionally, the VAS pain scores on postoperative days 3, 7, and 30 were significantly lower in the SUVT group compared to the SASAT group (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences between the two groups in demographic characteristics, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, duration and volume of postoperative drainage, length of postoperative hospital stay, or the VAS pain score on the first postoperative day. Conclusion SUVT using double sternum retractors significantly reduces postoperative pain and provides superior efficacy in the resection of larger thymomas or those situated in the superior mediastinum.

Objective To analyze the research status,hotspots,and trends of wearable devices in nursing applications both domestically and internationally.Methods Using China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,and Embase core databases as data sources,VOSviewer was used to visualize and analyze the publication time,keywords,and other relevant literature.Results Total of 428 articles were included,including 196 Chinese articles and 232 English articles.The overall publication volume showed an upward trend.Domestic research focuses on chronic diseases,artificial intelligence,and nursing,with the main research subjects being the elderly;Foreign research focuses on smart devices,self-monitoring,and quality of life,with the main research subjects being adults.Conclusion Currently,the number of publications on the application of wearable devices in nursing is relatively small,but the overall research heat is on the rise,mainly used for chronic diseases and self-monitoring.In the future,the application scope of wearable devices should be expanded and their potential value should be explored to promote the innovation and progress of nursing models.