BACKGROUND:Currently,the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is not clear.Relevant studies have shown that α-synuclein and mitochondria are closely related to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.It mainly involves oxidative stress,mitochondrial complex damage,calcium homeostasis,mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial quality control.OBJECTIVE:To review the association between α-synuclein and mitochondrial damage in Parkinson's disease.METHODS:The first author searched more than 50 documents from CNKI and WanFang databases from 2010 to 2024 using the keywords of"Parkinson's disease,mitochondrial damage and mechanism,α-synuclein"in Chinese as well as more than 750 documents from PubMed between 2010 and 2024 using the keywords of"Parkinson's disease,alpha-synuclein,mitochondria,oxidative stress,calcium homeostasis,mitophagy,mitochondrial dynamics,mitochondrial protein introduction"in English.Finally,70 documents were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Recent studies have confirmed the important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease,and the interaction between α-synuclein and mitochondria is a particularly significant factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.The cascade of events that begin with naturally unfolded α-synuclein and eventually form mature fibril is collectively known as α-synuclein aggregation.The toxicity of aggregation accumulates in dopaminergic neurons and then disrupts mitochondrial function,thereby triggering Parkinson's disease.Therefore,the underlying mechanism of this bidirectional relationship between α-synuclein and mitochondrial dysfunction may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.

Objective To translate the Context Assessment for Community Health(COACH)scale into Chinese,thereby providing a standardized measurement tool for context assessment in clinical evidence-based practice.Methods The scale was translated following the Brislin translation model,ultimately forming the Chinese version of the COACH scale.Using convenience sampling,584 healthcare professionals were recruited from 3 tertiary hospitals in Jiangxi,Henan,and Liaoning provinces and 2 community hospitals in Liaoning province from May to September 2024 to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.In October 2024,the Chinese version of COACH was applied to 44 healthcare professionals in a hypertension specialist ward of a provincial tertiary hospital.Results Of the 584 distributed questionnaires,519 valid questionnaires were collected(the effective response rate of 88.87％).The Chinese version consists of 7 dimensions with 42 items.The overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.975;the McDonald's omega coefficient was 0.979;split-half reliability was 0.808,and the test-retest reliability was 0.917.The scale-content validity index/average was 0.950,and the scale-content validity index/universal agreement was 0.980,with item-content validity index ranging from 0.775 to 1.000.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 7 factors,accounting for 79.260％of the cumulative variance,with factor loadings ranging from 0.569 to 0.954.Confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit.The preliminary application results showed that the total score of the scale was 185.18±17.82.The correlation coefficients between dimensions and total score ranged from 0.116 to 0.905.Conclusion The Chinese version of the COACH scale demonstrates good reliability and validity,making it suitable as a context measurement tool for implementation research at different stages in clinical and public health settings.

This article focused on promoting the high-quality development of oral specialty nursing through new-quality productive forces. New-quality productive forces injected impetus into the innovation and development of the medical and health system. At the time, the development of oral specialty nursing faced some challenges. In terms of talent cultivation, there was a lack of undergraduate education in institutional education, and on-the-job education needed to be further deepened. It was necessary to strengthen undergraduate degree education, innovate training models, and unify the qualification certification. In the aspect of technological innovation, new technologies such as digitalization had changed oral diagnosis and treatment. Nursing staff were required to enhance their capabilities in technological application and scientific research. In the field of service upgrading, oral nursing services needed to satisfy the demands of the aging society and residents through deepening the connotation and expanding the denotation, which involved implementing refined nursing, multidisciplinary collaboration, and "Internet + Nursing Services". In conclusion, multi-party collaboration could promote the high-quality development of oral specialty nursing and contributed to the construction of healthy China.

BACKGROUND:Currently,the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is not clear.Relevant studies have shown that α-synuclein and mitochondria are closely related to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.It mainly involves oxidative stress,mitochondrial complex damage,calcium homeostasis,mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial quality control.OBJECTIVE:To review the association between α-synuclein and mitochondrial damage in Parkinson's disease.METHODS:The first author searched more than 50 documents from CNKI and WanFang databases from 2010 to 2024 using the keywords of"Parkinson's disease,mitochondrial damage and mechanism,α-synuclein"in Chinese as well as more than 750 documents from PubMed between 2010 and 2024 using the keywords of"Parkinson's disease,alpha-synuclein,mitochondria,oxidative stress,calcium homeostasis,mitophagy,mitochondrial dynamics,mitochondrial protein introduction"in English.Finally,70 documents were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Recent studies have confirmed the important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease,and the interaction between α-synuclein and mitochondria is a particularly significant factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.The cascade of events that begin with naturally unfolded α-synuclein and eventually form mature fibril is collectively known as α-synuclein aggregation.The toxicity of aggregation accumulates in dopaminergic neurons and then disrupts mitochondrial function,thereby triggering Parkinson's disease.Therefore,the underlying mechanism of this bidirectional relationship between α-synuclein and mitochondrial dysfunction may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.

This article focused on promoting the high-quality development of oral specialty nursing through new-quality productive forces. New-quality productive forces injected impetus into the innovation and development of the medical and health system. At the time, the development of oral specialty nursing faced some challenges. In terms of talent cultivation, there was a lack of undergraduate education in institutional education, and on-the-job education needed to be further deepened. It was necessary to strengthen undergraduate degree education, innovate training models, and unify the qualification certification. In the aspect of technological innovation, new technologies such as digitalization had changed oral diagnosis and treatment. Nursing staff were required to enhance their capabilities in technological application and scientific research. In the field of service upgrading, oral nursing services needed to satisfy the demands of the aging society and residents through deepening the connotation and expanding the denotation, which involved implementing refined nursing, multidisciplinary collaboration, and "Internet + Nursing Services". In conclusion, multi-party collaboration could promote the high-quality development of oral specialty nursing and contributed to the construction of healthy China.

Objective To translate the Context Assessment for Community Health(COACH)scale into Chinese,thereby providing a standardized measurement tool for context assessment in clinical evidence-based practice.Methods The scale was translated following the Brislin translation model,ultimately forming the Chinese version of the COACH scale.Using convenience sampling,584 healthcare professionals were recruited from 3 tertiary hospitals in Jiangxi,Henan,and Liaoning provinces and 2 community hospitals in Liaoning province from May to September 2024 to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.In October 2024,the Chinese version of COACH was applied to 44 healthcare professionals in a hypertension specialist ward of a provincial tertiary hospital.Results Of the 584 distributed questionnaires,519 valid questionnaires were collected(the effective response rate of 88.87％).The Chinese version consists of 7 dimensions with 42 items.The overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.975;the McDonald's omega coefficient was 0.979;split-half reliability was 0.808,and the test-retest reliability was 0.917.The scale-content validity index/average was 0.950,and the scale-content validity index/universal agreement was 0.980,with item-content validity index ranging from 0.775 to 1.000.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 7 factors,accounting for 79.260％of the cumulative variance,with factor loadings ranging from 0.569 to 0.954.Confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit.The preliminary application results showed that the total score of the scale was 185.18±17.82.The correlation coefficients between dimensions and total score ranged from 0.116 to 0.905.Conclusion The Chinese version of the COACH scale demonstrates good reliability and validity,making it suitable as a context measurement tool for implementation research at different stages in clinical and public health settings.

Objective To investigate the effect of different premolar extraction patterns on Bolton index and occlusal relationship of skeletal Class Ⅱmalocclusion.Methods The plaster models of 62 patients with skeletal ClassⅡmalocclusion were selected and con-verted into digital models by iTeroElement scanner.Each model was simulated by the four premolar extraction pattrens,and tooth ar-rangement test was performed after tooth extraction.The Bolton index before and after tooth extraction was calculated,and the occlusal relationship after tooth arrangement was evaluated to explore its law.Results All the four premolar extraction patterns resulted in a significant decrease in the Bolton index over-all ratio in skeletal ClassⅡpatients,and compared with the extraction patterns of 4/4 and 4/5,the patterns of 5/4 and 5/5 resulted in a greater decrease in the Bolton index over-all ratio(P＜0.001).For skeletal classⅡmal-occlusion,the tooth arrangement test was conducted on the basis of establishing the neutral relationship of first molar.The average value of anterior teeth over-jet obtained by patterns of 4/4 and 4/5 was within the normal range(＜3 mm).The average value obtained by pat-terns of 5/4 and 5/5 was greater than the normal range(＞3 mm),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001).Conclu-sion The premolar extraction patterns of 4/4 and 4/5 are more conducive to normalizing the Bolton index over-all ratio and establis-hing the better occlusal relationship for skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion.

Objective:To explore the relationship between sleep quality and perceived stress and analyze the role of ego depletion and mindfulness in their relationship.Methods:Totally 326 police officers were selected and assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),Brief Ego Deple-tion Scale(BEDS),and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS).Results:The average PSQI score was(9.1±3.0).There was a partial mediation effect between CPSS scores and PSQI scores,and the mediation effect ac-counted for 27.03％.The MAAS scores were regulated between CPSS scores and BEDS scores(β=-0.01,P＜0.01),CPSS scores and PSQI scores(β=-0.01,P＜0.001),and BEDS scores and PSQI scores(β=-0.02,P＜0.01).Conclusion:The sleep quality of the police officers is related to perceived stress,and ego depletion plays a mediating role between them,and mindfulness acts as a protective factor in the whole process.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the hotspots in the research field of neurodegenerative diseases, and its pathogenesis is still controversial. Trace metal elements play an important role in normal growth and development of the human body. Metal ions can cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, leading to α-synapnuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and then inducing the occurrence of PD. This article mainly reviewed the potential mechanisms of metal elements in PD, discussed the role of metabolic imbalance of common trace metals (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) in PD, and put forward new insights into the treatment of PD.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin (BEP) and paclitaxel/carboplatin (PC) chemotherapy regimens on the fertility and prognostic outcomes in malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT) patients who underwent fertility-sparing surgery (FSS). Methods: A propensity score matching algorithm was performed between the BEP and PC groups. The χ2 test and the Kaplan-Meier method were used to compare the fertility outcome, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify risk factor of DFS. Results: We included 213 patients, 185 (86.9%) underwent BEP chemotherapy, and 28 (13.1%) underwent PC chemotherapy. The median age was 22 years (range, 8–44 years), and the median follow-up period was 63 months (range, 2–191 months). Fifty-one (29.3%) patients had a pregnancy plan, and 35 (85.4%) delivered successfully. In the before and after propensity score matching cohorts, there were no significant differences in spontaneous abortion, selective termination of pregnancy, during-pregnancy status, and live birth between the BEP and PC groups (p>0.05). Fourteen (6.6%) patients experienced recurrence, including 11 (5.9%) in the BEP group and 3 (10.7%) in the PC group. Four (1.9%) patients in the BEP group died. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant differences in DFS (p=0.328) and OS (p=0.446) between the BEP and PC groups, and the same survival results were observed in the after matching cohort. Conclusion The PC regimen is as safe as the BEP regimen for MOGCT patients with fertility preservation treatment, and no differences were observed in fertility and clinical prognosis.