AIM: To investigate the impacts of periocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide on healing effect and inflammatory factor in patients with acute iridocyclitis.METHODS:Totally 90 patients(90 eyes)with acute iridocyclitis, admitted to our hospital between September 2018 and September 2023, were grouped via random number table, including a triamcinolone acetonide group and a control group, each comprising 45 patients(45 eyes). The control group underwent conventional treatment, whereas the triamcinolone acetonide group adopted triamcinolone acetonide through periocular injection. The healing effect, levels of inflammatory cytokines, anterior chamber inflammatory cell scores, keratic precipitates(KP)scores, best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), untoward reactions, and relapse rates of the two groups of patients were compared.RESULTS:The triamcinolone acetonide group had significantly higher overall efficacy rate than the control group(P<0.05). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)decreased in both groups at 30 d after treatment, and the levels in the triamcinolone acetonide group were lower(all P<0.05). After treatment for 30 d, the scores of anterior chamber inflammatory cells and KP in both groups decreased, and the scores in the triamcinolone acetonide group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05); the BCVA of both groups improved, and the triamcinolone acetonide group had a better BCVA(all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in untoward reactions between the two groups(P=1.000). The relapse rate of the triamcinolone acetonide group was lower than that of the control group(P=0.030).CONCLUSION: Periocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide has obvious healing effects on patients with acute iridocyclitis, and it can alleviate the inflammatory state of patients and reduce the relapse rate of inflammation.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is a lethal malignancy prone to gemcitabine resistance. The single-strand selective monofunctional uracil DNA glycosylase (SMUG1), which is responsible for initiating base excision repair, has been reported to predict the outcomes of different cancer types. However, the function of SMUG1 in pancreatic cancer is still unclear. METHODS: Gene and protein expression of SMUG1 as well as survival outcomes were assessed by bioinformatic analysis and verified in a cohort from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Subsequently, the effect of SMUG1 on proliferation, cell cycle, and migration abilities of SMUG1 cells were detected in vitro . DNA damage repair, apoptosis, and gemcitabine resistance were also tested. RNA sequencing was performed to determine the differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways, followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting verification. The cancer-promoting effect of forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) and SMUG1 on the ubiquitylation of myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc) was also evaluated. Finally, a xenograft model was established to verify the results. RESULTS: SMUG1 was highly expressed in pancreatic tumor tissues and cells, which also predicted a poor prognosis. Downregulation of SMUG1 inhibited the proliferation, G1 to S transition, migration, and DNA damage repair ability against gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells. SMUG1 exerted its function by binding with FOXQ1 to activate the Protein Kinase B (AKT)/p21 and p27 pathway. Moreover, SMUG1 also stabilized the c-Myc protein via AKT signaling in pancreatic cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS SMUG1 promotes proliferation, migration, gemcitabine resistance, and c-Myc protein stability in pancreatic cancer via protein kinase B signaling through binding with FOXQ1. Furthermore, SMUG1 may be a new potential prognostic and gemcitabine resistance predictor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology* ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/genetics* ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation/physiology* ; Mice ; Uracil-DNA Glycosidase/genetics* ; Female ; Male ; Gemcitabine ; Mice, Nude ; Apoptosis/physiology* ; Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives* ; Cell Movement/genetics*

Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by overwhelmed lipid oxidation, and it has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Enhanced ferroptosis could overcome the limitations of conventional therapeutic modalities, particularly in difficult-to-treat tumors. In this study, we developed a dual-modality therapy in nanomedicine by combining paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy and pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) phototherapy. Heparin (HP) was grafted with poly(N-(2'-hydroxy) propyl methacrylamide) (pHPMA) using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization to form HP-pHPMA (HH), which was utilized to deliver Ppa and PTX, yielding HP-pHPMA-Ppa (HH-Ppa) and HP-pHPMA-PTX (HH-PTX), respectively. The prodrug-based combinational nanomedicine (HH-PP) was formed by co-assembly of HH-PTX and HH-Ppa. It was found that HH-PP treatment significantly disrupted lipid metabolism in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, induced extensive lipid oxidation, and promoted ferroptosis. In vivo, HH-PP intervention achieved a tumor growth inhibition rate of 86.63% and activated adaptive immunity with an elevated CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cell infiltration level. This combinational nanomedicine offers a promising platform for co-delivery of multiple therapeutic agents. It exerts a promising anti-tumor effect via enhanced ferroptosis and ferroptosis-induced immune activation by disrupting lipid metabolism in TNBC cancer cells.

Magnetic stimulation has made significant strides in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, current magnetic stimulation techniques lack the precision to accurately modulate specific nuclei and cannot realize deep brain magnetic stimulation. To address this, we utilized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as mediators to achieve precise targeting and penetration. We investigated the effects of magnetic fields with varying frequencies on neuronal activity and compared the activation effects on neurons using a 10-Hz precise magneto-stimulation system (pMSS) with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in mice. Oxytocin levels, dendritic morphology and density, and mouse behavior were measured before and after pMSS intervention. Our findings suggest that pMSS can activate oxytocinergic neurons, leading to upregulation of oxytocin secretion and neurite outgrowth. As a result, sociability was rapidly improved after a one-week pMSS treatment regimen. These results demonstrate a promising magneto-stimulation method for regulating neuronal activity in deep brain nuclei and provide a promising therapeutic approach for autism spectrum disorder.
Animals ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology* ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/physiology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods* ; Male ; Social Behavior ; Mice ; Oxytocin/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neurons/physiology*

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection with precutting(EMR-P)for the treatment of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm(RNEN)smaller than 1 cm in diameter.Methods Clinical data of 177 patients with RNEN smaller than 1 cm in diameter from December 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment protocols,177 patients with RNEN were divided into endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)group(n = 46),EMR-P group(n = 40)and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)group(n = 91).The en bloc resection rate,complete resection rate,operation time,postoperative hospitalization time and incidence of operative complications among the three groups were compared.Results The complete resection rate in the EMR-P group(95.0%)and ESD group(97.8%)were significantly higher than that in the EMR group(87.0%)(P<0.05);The operation time in the EMR-P group(9.86±2.23)min was longer than that in the EMR group(4.12±0.88)min,EMR-P group and EMR group were shorter than that in the ESD group(19.55±3.67)min,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Postoperative hospitalization time in the EMR group was(2.45±0.29)d and EMR-P group was(2.43±0.23)d,which were shorter than that in the ESD group(3.30±0.32)d,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant difference in the rates of en bloc resection and operative complications among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion EMR-P for the treatment of RNEN<1 cm in diameter has the advantages,such as simple operation,short operation time and hospitalization time,high histological complete resection rate and low complication rate,which is worthy of clinical application.

[摘 要] 尽管以PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂为基础的免疫治疗显著提升了肺癌患者的生存期，但耐药问题依然严峻。本文阐述了免疫治疗耐药的定义、发生机制及预测模型，介绍了针对耐药的治疗策略，包括免疫治疗继续应用、再挑战、寡转移背景下的局部治疗联合全身免疫治疗、广泛进展后的联合治疗等。此外，还探讨了新型治疗手段如过继性细胞疗法、抗体偶联药物、双特异性抗体和肿瘤疫苗等在克服耐药中的应用前景。同时，总结了肺癌免疫治疗的挑战与发展方向，强调了持续研究、创新治疗策略以及跨学科合作的重要性。为未来肺癌治疗的个体化、精准化和高效化提供新思路与研究方向。

Objective To explore the value of non-contrast CT findings of acute ischemic stroke(AIS)for predicting early prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy.Methods Data of 161 AIS patients from clinical center 1 who underwent mechanical thrombectomy were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into training set(n=113)and internal test set(n=48)at the ratio of 7∶3,while 79 AIS patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy from clinical center 2 were retrospectively enrolled as external test set.According to the National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)scores 7 days after thrombectomy,patients'prognosis were classified as good(＜15 points)or poor(≥15 points).Pre-treatment non-contrast CT images of patients were reviewed,and CT findings were comparatively analyzed.Independent predictors of patients'early prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy were obtained with sequential univariate and multivariate logistic regressions,and a predicting model was established and visualized as a nomogram.The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn,and the distinction was assessed with the area under the curve(AUC),then calibration was assessed with Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test,and the net benefit was evaluated with decision curve analysis(DCA).Results Alberta stroke program early CT score(ASPECTS),hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign(HMCAS)and basal ganglia calcification were all independent predictors of early prognosis of AIS after mechanical thrombectomy(all P＜0.05).The predictive model was established combining the above 3 variables and then visualized as a nomogram to predict prognosis of AIS after mechanical thrombectomy,with AUC of 0.776 in internal test set(χ2=6.052,P=0.417)and 0.800 in external test set(χ2=2.269,P=0.811).DCA showed that the nomogram might provide clinical net benefit within certain threshold probability ranges.Conclusion ASPECTS,HMCAS and basal ganglia calcification were all independent predictors of early prognosis of AIS after mechanical thrombectomy.The nomogram originated from predicting model combining the three could be used to somewhat accurately predict poor early prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy.

Objective:To learn about the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children with brucellosis, in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis in children.Methods:Clinical data of children with brucellosis (aged ≤14 years) who visited the Department of Infectious Diseases at Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital from December 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected, and their epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, treatment and outcome were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 34 children with brucellosis were included, including 25 males (73.53%) and 9 females (26.47%), with a gender ratio of 2.78 ∶ 1.00. The median age was 8 years and 1 month, mainly in the age group of 6 to 14 years (19 cases, 55.88%). Epidemiological investigation showed that most of the affected children were rural residents (25 cases, 73.53%), with more contact with cattle/sheep (26 cases, 76.47%). The onset time was mainly concentrated in summer (15 cases, 44.12%) and spring (13 cases, 38.24%). The clinical symptoms were mainly fever (97.06%, 33/34) and arthralgia (64.71%, 22/34). In the laboratory tests, 25 cases (73.53%) had positive blood cultures, and the white blood cell count (WBC) of 30 cases (88.24%) was (4 - 10) × 10 9/L. Among the abnormalities of liver function, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased in 19 cases (55.88%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased in 14 cases (41.18%) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) increased in 6 cases (17.65%). Among the myocardial enzymatic abnormalities, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) increased in 29 cases (85.29%), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased in 27 cases (79.41%), and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) increased in 8 cases (23.53%). After treatment, 25 children with positive blood culture turned negative. Conclusions:Children with brucellosis are mainly male, older and rural residents. The clinical manifestations are mainly fever and arthralgia. Doctors in relevant departments should conduct detailed epidemiological investigations and laboratory tests for such children in clinical work, in order to achieve early detection, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric brucellosis.

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of Regional Citrate Anticoagulation(RCA)in CRRT combined with artificial liver treatment.Methods Clinical data of 54 sessions of CRRT linked with artificial liver treatment using RCA in 21 patients with acute on chronic liver failure(ACLF)combined with acute kidney injury(AKI)admitted to our center from December 2019 to June 2023 were collected..The improvement of liver and kidney function indicators,anticoagulant effect and adverse reactions of citric acid,and patient outcomes were observed and analyzed before and after treatment.Results The 54 cases of liver and renal function indexes were improved,which showed a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);All 54 cases of CRRT linked artificial liver treatment were successfully completed,and no obvious blood clots were found in the extracorporeal circulation tubing,filters,and adsorbers;There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the total calcium and ionized calcium levels of all patients at each stage of artificial liver treatment compared to before treatment;However,three cases of CRRT combined with PE and one case of CRRT combined with DPMAS+LPE experienced citrate accumulation after treatment,which returned to normal after 24 hours of timely correction and supplemen-tation;The 30-day survival rate of the 21 patients was 13 survivors,5 deaths,and 3 discharged automatically.Conclusion Under strict monitoring and timely adjustment,the application of RCA in CRRT series artificial liver treatment is safe and feasible,and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To understand the pathogen composition of viral diarrhea in Chongqing, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea. Methods Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect the nucleic acids of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and enteric adenovirus collected from diarrhea outpatient cases from 2018 to 2019, and the positive nucleic acid samples were sequenced. Results Among the 398 cases of diarrhea, 184 cases were detected positive, with the positive detection rate of 46.23%. Norovirus infection was the main infection, accounting for 29.40%. The G/P genotype of group A rotavirus was mainly G9P8, accounting for 90.32%. The genotype of norovirus was mainly GII.2[P16], accounting for 33.91%. The genotype of sapovirus was mainly GI.2, accounting for 55.56%. The genotype of astrovirus was HAstV-4, accounting for 100%. The genotype of enteric adenovirus was F41, accounting for 100%. The diarrhea cases were mainly distributed in the fourth quarter, with the positive detection rate of 70.42%, among which norovirus had the highest detection rate, accounting for 53.99%. Conclusion High incidence of viral diarrhea is in winter in Chongqing. The main pathogen of viral diarrhea is norovirus, and the genotypes of norovirus show diversity. It is necessary to prevent the outbreak and epidemic caused by norovirus in winter. In the future, the surveillance of viral diarrhea should be strengthened, and the viral diarrhea gene database should be improved to provide a scientific basis for epidemic prevention and control.