Objective: To statistically analyze the association between blood donation intervals and the incidence of adverse reactions to blood donation based on blood donor data from Shenzhen. Methods: Basic data and records of adverse reactions to blood donation among voluntary whole blood donors in Shenzhen from January 2017 to June 2025 were extracted. A total of 795 404 whole blood donations were recorded, including 502 743 from males and 292 661 from females, with 1 088 and 751 cases of adverse reactions, respectively. Analyses were performed using R software, including restricted cubic spline (RCS), binary logistic regression, and generalized estimating equations (GEE) to evaluate the correlation between donation intervals and adverse reactions. Results: A total of 1 839 cases of adverse reactions were recorded, accounting for 0.23% of the total donations. Both binary logistic regression analysis and the generalized estimating equations (GEE) model showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between male and female donors with an interval of ≥6 months compared to those with an interval of ≥3 months but<6 months. Furthermore, using the 3-5 month interval group as the reference, the analysis indicated that the incidence of adverse reactions significantly increased in males with a 9-12 month interval, while no statistically significant differences were observed across any of the female subgroups. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between adverse reactions to blood donation and the donation interval. Compared with a donation interval of ≥6 months, an interval of<6 months does not lead to an increase in the incidence of adverse reactions among male or female donors. The findings of this study may help enhance the willingness of blood donors to participate.

Objective: To statistically analyze the association between blood donor age and the incidence of adverse reactions based on whole blood donor data from Shenzhen. Methods: Data on basic characteristics and records of adverse donation reactions among voluntary whole blood donors in Shenzhen from January 2017 to June 2025 were extracted. A total of 795 404 whole blood donations were recorded, including 502 743 from males and 292 661 from females, with 1 088 and 751 cases of adverse reactions, respectively. Analyses were performed using R software, including restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, binary logistic regression, and generalized estimating equations (GEE) to evaluate the correlation between donor age and adverse reactions. Results: A total of 1 839 cases of adverse reactions were recorded, accounting for 0.23% of the total donations. Both binary logistic regression and GEE model revealed that, compared with the≤55 years age group, the incidence of adverse reactions was reduced in both male and female donors in the >55 years age group, with the difference being statistically significant in males. Using the <23 years age group as a reference, the incidence of adverse reactions significantly decreased in both male and female donors across the 23-30, 31-40, 41-50, and 51-60 age groups, with the differences being statistically significant. Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between the rate of adverse donation reactions and age, with the incidence of such reactions among whole blood donors over 55 years old being no higher than that among donors aged 55 years or younger. These findings carry positive significance for safeguarding the donation rights of older donors and meeting clinical blood demand.

To analyze the disease burden of acute lymphoid leukemia(ALL) and its changing trends in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for disease prevention, treatment, and policy formulation.

ObjectiveTo systematically explore the current practical status, core predicaments, and optimization paths of effective contract fulfillment by family doctors in Shanghai from the perspective of informatization, and to provide empirical support and policy references for the high-quality development of contracted services. MethodsA mixed research approach was adopted. The connotation of effective contract fulfillment, the current status of informatization support, and the priority of demand were comprehensively analyzed through policy document review, in-depth interviews with key informants, and a questionnaire survey covering 45 community health service centers across all 16 districts of Shanghai. ResultsThe family doctor contract service in Shanghai has formed a dual-core framework of “accurate contracting” and “substantive service delivery”, yet challenges persist in system interoperability, health data integration, and the limited diversity of service outreach tools. The comprehensive utilization rate of the information integration terminal in the 45 surveyed community health service centers was merely 50.74%. Three prioritized demands were identified: horizontal connectivity between the Hospital Information System (HIS) and the public health system for contract status updates, integration of “medical-prevention-management” information, and automated generation of health assessments. Based on these findings, this study proposed a closed-loop fulfillment pathway of “tag generation-task management-service delivery-data return”. ConclusionTo facilitate the high-quality development of contracted services, it is recommended to transform the concept of contracted services and promote the integration of medical care and disease prevention through information system construction from a holistic perspective. Concurrently, municipal top-level design and district-level platform development should be reinforced to refine data governance and application. Furthermore, substantial efforts should be devoted to cultivating interdisciplinary talents bridging clinical practice and information technology, thus strengthening the convergence of clinical and information operations.

To assess the current status of early surgical site infections following prosthetic implantation in plastic surgery across four provincial-level administrative regions in China, and to explore the effectiveness of standardized training for infection prevention and control.

Objective To analyze ancient prescriptions for knee osteoarthritis(KOA),and explore their application patterns,for providing clinical reference value.Methods Prescriptions were collected from ancient documents,and a database was created by using Excel 2016 for frequency analysis.Association rules and hidden structures were analyzed by using SPSS Modeler 18.0 and Lantern 5.0.Results A total of 373 prescriptions and 421 herbs were collected,with 3894 times of frequency of medication.Danggui was the most frequently used herb.Herbs primarily tonified deficiencies,relieved exterior symptoms,and expelled wind-dampness,with warm properties and pungent,sweet,or bitter tastes,mainly targeting the spleen and kidney meridians.Thirteen strong association rules were identified,including Chuanxiong+Niuxi-Danggui,and Bixie-Niuxi.Hidden structure analysis revealed 10 variables,leading to 4 clusters and 4 core prescriptions.Common syndromes included wind-damp,wind-cold-damp,wind-damp-heat,and qi-blood deficiency.Conclusion The treatment of KOA in ancient literature focuses on dispelling wind and removing dampness,taking into account both positive deficiency and evil excess,flexible use of tonifying spleen and kidney,clearing dampness-heat,tonifying Qi and blood and other drugs.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM) and deciduous teeth caries in school-aged children of Kaifeng City, and to discuss the association between HSPM and deciduous teeth caries, providing scientific guidance for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out on first-grade children aged 6-7 years in five primary schools chosen from the eastern, western, southern, northern, and central areas of Kaifeng City by cluster random sampling method. The European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria was used for scoring HSPM. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-Ⅱ) was used to evaluate caries status.Results:This cross-sectional study was with a sample of 913 children. The prevalence of HSPM was 8.76% (80/913), with 39 boys and 41 girls, the most common type of which was atypical caries [35.00% (28/80)]. Regarding the distribution of HSPM, the incidence in maxilla [6.13% (56/913)] showed no statistically significant difference with that in the mandible [5.70% (52/913)] (χ2=0.16, P=0.692). In terms of severity, 56 cases were severe and 24 cases were mild. The association between HSPM and deciduous teeth caries was analyzed. The results showed that 56 had caries on their second primary molars among the 80 HSPM children. Children with HSPM had an increased risk of second deciduous molar decay compared to non-HSPM children ( OR=1.94, 95 %CI: 1.18-3.19, P<0.05); meanwhile, the deciduous teeth of HSPM children were more prone to suffer caries than those of non-HSPM children ( OR=2.33, 95 %CI: 1.26-4.29, P<0.05). Conclusions:The HSPM prevalence in school-aged children of Kaifeng City was 8.76%. Child with HSPM was more likely to have deciduous teeth caries than non-HSPM child. Special attention should be paid to children with HSPM after the eruption of affected molars.

The theory of"spleen and stomach deficiency and excess transformation"originates from Huangdi Neijing,which is based on the five elements theory.It systematically elucidates the physiological interconnections and pathological transmission relationships among spleen,stomach,and the five zang and six fu viscera.This theory was continuously developed and refined by later physicians.It was first systematically summarized and deepened by LI Dongyuan in his work Piwei Lun,which elaborates on the pathological transmission relationships of other zang-fu viscera after spleen and stomach deficiency.From the perspective of LI Dongyuan's theory of"spleen and stomach deficiency and excess transformation",this paper discusses the pathological relationships between spleen-earth,lung-metal,and kidney-water,and proposes that spleen-earth deficiency is the pathological basis for the onset of allergic rhinitis.Based on the pathological evolution following spleen-earth deficiency,the traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of allergic rhinitis were categorized into three types:earth deficiency with metal weakness,earth dryness with metal desiccation,and water cold with metal excess and earth decline.The treatment of allergic rhinitis should prioritize the spleen-earth,employing acrid and dispersing herbs with light properties to elevate the spleen,sweet-warm and sour-astringent herbs to tonify the spleen,and diuretic and dampness-resolving herbs to activate the spleen,thereby restoring spleen-earth function.Simultaneously,treatment should regulate lung-metal and kidney-water according to different pathological evolutions,incorporating cold-cool or acrid-warm herbs as appropriate,combining cold and warm properties,and treating both the manifestation and root cause of the disease.

Objective:To analyze the policy evolution logic of drug supply security,in order to provide references for the improvement of China's drug supply security policy.Methods:Policy documents related to drug supply security at the national level from the founding of New China to 2024 are systematically summarized.The policy texts are coded to reveal the key issues of the policy,and the logic of policy evolution is analyzed from the perspective of the synergy among health insurance,medical care and pharmaceuticals.Results:China's drug supply security policy as a whole has practiced the evolutionary logic of"strict control,"gradual relaxation","synergistic development".The guarantee of drug supply must adhere to the interactive and integrated decision-making under the synergistic perspective of medical care,medical insurance and pharmaceuticals,while taking into account the attributes of quasi-public goods and the attributes of commodities in general.Conclusion:The security of drug supply is not simply a matter of medication,while the promotion of the high-quality development of the health security system and the improvement of the health status of the entire population are more important.

Objective:To investigate disease characteristics of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) based on the PsA cohort in West China Hospital, so as to provide a reference for clinicians in its diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation strategy formulation.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out, and a descriptive analysis was conducted on clinical data from PsA patients who were treated at the Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University between April 2, 2020, and January 21, 2025. Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging findings, and treatment modalities were analyzed.Results:A total of 530 PsA patients were included, of whom 332 (62.6%) were males and 198 (37.4%) were females, with ages of 44.1 ± 12.4 years. Skin lesions preceded joint symptoms in 452 patients (85.3%), with time intervals ( M [ Q1, Q3]) of 8.0 (3.0, 15.0) years. Overweight or obesity was observed in 319 patients (60.2%), and 188 (35.5%) had comorbid fatty liver. Peripheral joint involvement was common (485 cases, 91.5%), with the proximal interphalangeal joints being most frequently affected by tenderness (172 cases, 35.5%) and swelling (119 cases, 24.5%) ; the number of enthesitis cases identified by ultrasonography (116 cases, 23.9%) was significantly higher than that by clinical examination (82 cases, 15.5%) ; axial joint involvement was observed in 258 patients (48.7%), with the sacroiliac joints most commonly affected (201 cases, 77.9%). Regarding treatment, conventional systemic drugs were predominant in the treatment of psoriasis prior to the diagnosis of PsA; after the diagnosis of PsA, the number of patients receiving targeted therapies increased to 334 (63.0%), with interleukin-17 inhibitors being the most common (140 cases, 26.4%), followed by tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (106 cases, 20.0%) and Janus kinase inhibitors (39 cases, 7.4%) . Conclusions:PsA predominantly affects males over 40 years old and is characterized by preceding skin lesions, delayed diagnosis, and multiple comorbidities. High-frequency ultrasound has advantages in the early detection of peripheral enthesitis. Further attention is needed for managing comorbidities such as fatty liver and obesity-related metabolic conditions.