[Objective] To validate and optimize the platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) prediction model for patients with hematological disorders established by our center. [Methods] The data of patients with hematological diseases who received platelet transfusions from December 2021 to December 2022 were used as the training set, and data from January 2023 to December 2023 as the validation set. The validation set data was used to validate the predictive model constructed on the training set. Relevant risk factors for PTR were collected through literature review and preliminary studies。 The patients were divided into effective and ineffective groups according to the corrected count increment (CCI) of platelet counts. Predictive factors were screened using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The calibration of the model were assessed via calibration curves, while discrimination, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves Clinical utility was further analyzed with decision curve analysis (DCA). [Results] The Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) goodness-of-fit test for the validation set yielded S: P=0.000, indicating that the original model needs optimization. Baseline comparisons and logistic regression identified the number of red blood cell units (RBCU) and platelet units (PLT-U) transfused as key predictors for the optimized model. The H-L goodness-of-fit test S: P values for the training and validation sets were 0.930 and 0.056, respectively; the ROC areas were 0.793 5 and 0.809 4, specificities 90.95% and 84.21%, sensitivities 59.26% and 70.04%, and accuracies 78.14% and 74.10%, respectively. DCA demonstrated clinical net benefit within a prediction probability threshold range of 0.2-0.8. [Conclusion] Transfusion volumes of RBC-U and PLT-U were inversely associated with PTR in hematological patients. The resulting PTR prediction model exhibits moderate predictive efficacy and clinical benefit.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary fibrogenic cells in the liver, and their activation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Here, we report that retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXRα), a unique member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a key modulator of HSC activation and liver fibrosis. RXRα exerts its effects by modulating calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-mediated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα). In addition, we demonstrate that K-80003, which binds RXRα by a unique mechanism, effectively suppresses HSC activation, proliferation, and migration, thereby inhibiting liver fibrosis in the CCl₄ and amylin liver NASH (AMLN) diet animal models. The effect is mediated by AMPKα activation, promoting mitophagy in HSCs. Mechanistically, K-80003 activates AMPKα by inducing RXRα to form condensates with CaMKKβ and AMPKα via a two-phase process. The formation of RXRα condensates is driven by its N-terminal intrinsic disorder region and requires phosphorylation by CaMKKβ. Our results reveal a crucial role of RXRα in liver fibrosis regulation through modulating mitochondrial activities in HSCs. Furthermore, they suggest that K-80003 and related RXRα modulators hold promise as therapeutic agents for fibrosis-related diseases.

With the advent of precision medicine and personalized treatment, targeted therapies have become pivotal in oncology. Noninvasive molecular imaging, especially immunoPET/SPECT, plays a crucial role in refining cancer diagnostics and treatment monitoring by visualizing biological processes at the molecular level. This review explores the dynamic field of immunoPET/SPECT imaging using Fab and F(ab')₂ fragments, characterized by advantageous pharmacokinetics and swift clearance from the bloodstream, making them suitable for same-day imaging procedures. We examine contemporary strategies for radiolabeling these fragments with PET and SPECT radionuclides and discuss potential advancements and the challenges anticipated in the further development of Fab and F(ab')₂ fragments. Despite the complexities involved in their development, these fragments hold significant promise for advanceing personalized cancer treatment. Keys to this advancement are innovative radiolabeling techniques, site-specific conjugation chemistries, and short-lived radionuclides, all of which are crucial for overcoming existing limitations and enhancing the clinical utility of these imaging agents. As research progresses, Fab and F(ab')₂ fragments are expected to become central to the future of cancer diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring, thereby improving patient management and contributing significantly to the evolution of personalized medicine.

Objective To explore the correlation between central venous oxygen saturation(ScvO2)-re-lated indexes at different time points and the occurrence of low cardiac output syndrome(LCOS)after con-genital heart disease(CHD)correction surgery.Methods A total of 73 children who underwent CHD correc-tion surgery in this hospital from July 1st,2021 to July 1st,2024 were selected as the research subjects.The clinical data,preoperative conditions,and postoperative conditions of the children were collected.The ScvO2 and arterial lactate(Lac)levels of the children at different time points(the 1st,6th,12th,and 24th hours after surgery)were monitored,and the ScvO2/Lac at different time points and the change rate of ScvO2 in different time periods were calculated.The correlation between ScvO2-related indexes and LCOS after CHD correction surgery was analyzed.Results ScvO2 at the 6th hour after surgery,ScvO2 at the 12th hour after surgery,Sc-vO2/Lac at the 12th hour after surgery,the change rate of ScvO2 from the 1st to the 24th hour after surgery,the change rate of ScvO2 from the 6th to the 12th hour after surgery,and the change rate of ScvO2 from the 12th to the 24th hour after surgery were independent influencing factors of LCOS occurrence after CHD cor-rection surgery(P＜0.05).There was a negative correlation between ScvO2 at the 12th hour after surgery,ScvO2/Lac and LCOS occurrence after CHD correction surgery(r=-0.543,-0.523,P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of ScvO2 at the 12th hour after surgery for predicting LCOS occurrence after CHD correction surgery was 0.938(95％CI:0.865-1.000);the AUC of ScvO2/Lac at the 12th hour after surgery for predicting LCOS occurrence after CHD correction surgery was 0.922(95％CI:0.851-0.994).Conclusion ScvO2 and ScvO2/Lac at the 12th hour after surgery have good predictive potential for LCOS occurrence af-ter CHD correction surgery.

PCOS is a highly prevalent disease in modern women of gestational age, characterized by infertility. Prevention before onset has been a key focus of national efforts in recent years. This article explored the prevention and treatment plan for polycystic ovary syndrome based on the three-level prevention theory of Academician Wang Qi. Primary prevention: control pathogenic risk factors; secondary prevention: precise screening and life intervention to prevent the formation of dangerous constitution; third level prevention: differentiation of body-differentiation of disease-differentiation of syndrome to achieve the goal of three-level prevention. In the prevention and treatment of PCOS, pre-disease prevention, post disease prevention and cure are tried to achieve, which could provide a truly effective, easy to operate, and applicable three-level prevention and treatment plan for a large population in clinical response to PCOS.

Objectives To enhance occupational safety for medical practitioners involved in acupuncture procedures within the field of Chinese medicine,it is imperative to thoroughly investigate and analyze the current incidence of accidental punctures.Subsequently,effective strategies can be proposed to prevent such occurrences.Methods Through retrospective analysis,this study investigates the occupational exposure data of a tertiary hospital specializing in traditional Chinese medicine from 2020 to 2022.The demographic characteristics(age and gender),professional experience,occupational category,pre-service training,type of acupuncture tools used,puncture session details,and exposure sources of the individuals involved are collected and organized for analyzing the risk factors asso-ciated with accidental needlestick injuries.Corresponding preventive measures are proposed accordingly.Results In this survey,a total of 5 069 medical staff from 12 clinical departments were included,among whom 63 experienced accidental puncture with an incidence rate of 1.24%(63/5 069).The likelihood of puncture was found to be signifi-cantly higher in individuals aged between 25～30 years compared to those under the age of 25(OR=18.556,P＜0.05).Similarly,the probability of puncture was also higher in individuals aged over 30 years compared to those under the age of 25(OR=14.311,P＜0.05).Conversely,individuals with at least three years of experience had a lower probability of experiencing punctures compared to those with less than three years(OR=0.025,P＜0.05).Furthermore,interns exhibited a higher likelihood of puncture incidents compared to physicians(OR=2.212,P＜0.05).Regarding the puncture session,the highest probability of occurrence is 58.73%at the time of needle removal(χ2=106.222,P＜0.05).Regarding the type of acupuncture tools,acupuncture needles have the highest probability of occurrence at 41.27%(χ2=45.095,P＜0.05).Concerning the exposure source,"unknown exposure source"has the highest preva-lence at 42.86%(χ2=57.476,P＜0.05),while"exposure source is hepatitis B patient"accounts for 20.63%(χ2=57.476,P＜0.05).Regarding pre-service training,individuals who have received pre-service training exhibit a higher likelihood of puncture incidents(69.84%)(χ2=38.000,P＜0.05).Conclusions The serological status of patients should be obtained in advance,and strict adherence to infection prevention control measures such as"standard precau-tions"and"contact isolation"is necessary.Effective pre-service training must be implemented,with particular atten-tion given to the risk of puncture when using specialized acupuncture tools for occupational safety.

【Objective】 To explore the effectiveness of PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle Management) in clinical emergency blood management. 【Methods】 The data of emergency blood-using cases from January 2021 to June 2022 in each clinical department of our hospital were collected to observe the blood matching time, blood retrieving time, and emergency bloodusing rate. They were divided into PDCA experimental group (Experimental group, July to December 2021, n=287), pre-PDCA experimental group (Control group 1, January to June 2021, n=516) and post-PDCA experimental cessation group (Control group 2, January to June 2022, n=277). Subgroup analysis was performed according to different departments, which were Internal Medicine Department, Surgery Depatment, and ICU. The situation of non-emergency blood use occupying emergency lanes in the pre-implementation period was continuously improved using PDCA, and the differences in blood matching time, blood retrieving time, and emergency blood-using rate among the three groups were compared and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and chi-square test. 【Results】 The blood matching time and blood retrieving time (M, min) in the experimental group, control group 1 and control group 2 were 19.00 vs 45.50 vs 23.00 and 22.00 vs 44.00 vs 25.00, respectively (P< 0.05), and were 19.00 vs 47.00 vs 24.00 and 23.00 vs 56.00 vs 30. 50 in Internal Medicine Department, 18.00 vs 57.50 vs 14.00 and 32.00 vs 41.00 vs 24.00 in Surgery Department, 20.00 vs 42.00 vs 23.00 and 16.50 vs 34.00 vs 12.50 in ICU (P<0.05). The rate of emergency blood use in the experimental group, control group 1, and control group 2 were 6.9%(287/4 141) vs 11.0%(516/4 689) vs 6.8%(277/4 089), respectively (P< 0.05), and were 6.3%(175/2 769) vs 11.8% (297/2 512) vs 6.7% (186/2 789) in Internal Medicine Department, 5.9%(24/405) vs 3.6 %(44/1 213) vs 7.4% (37/501) in Surgery Department, and 9.1% (88/967) vs 18% (175/973) vs 6.8%(54/799) in ICU (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The adoption of PDCA in Blood Transfusion Department can effectively shorten the blood matching time and blood retrieving time for clinical emergencies and improve the success rate of emergency blood transfusion.

【Objective】 To observe the effect of platelet transfusion in inpatients with haematological diseases, analyze the possible causes of platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR), in order to further improve the efficacy of platelet transfusion. 【Methods】 A total of 310 patients with blood disease in our hospital from August 2020 to November 2021 who received platelet transfusion were retrospectively analyzed. Possible influencing factors of platelet transfusion, including gender, age, platelet preservation time, number of platelet transfusions, complication and red blood cell product transfusion were analyzed. 【Results】 Patients were divided into effective group and refractory group according to percentage platelet recovery (PPR) and corrected count increment (CCI). PTR was defined as PPR <20% or CCI <5 000 after two consecutive transfusions in 24 h or clinical bleeding symptoms or tendency not significantly controlled. Statistical differences were noticed between the two groups in terms of gender, pretransfusion white blood cell count, anemia, and whether antibiotics were used (P<0.05). The type of disease, gender, anemia and number of comorbidities were associated with PTR. The incidence of PTR was the highest in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, and the incidence of PTR was higher in men than in women. Transfusion units of suspended red blood cells and the number of comorbidities were negatively correlated with the transfusion efficacy (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Possible influencing factors of platelet transfusion included the level of white blood cells before transfusion, use of antibiotics, anemia and transfusion of red blood cells, number of comorbidities, and type of disease, while no significant differences were found in age, hemolysis, hypersplenism, platelet preservation time, and number of platelet transfusions on transfusion efficacy.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Danggui Niantongtang （DGNTT） against adjuvant-induced arthritis （AA） in rats with wind-dampness-heat arthralgia （FSR） based on the variation of intestinal flora. MethodA total of 60 SD rats were randomized into normal （control） group， FSR group， low-， medium-， and high-dose DGNTT （5.67， 11.34， 22.68 g·kg^-1） groups， and methotrexate （MTX） group （1.35 mg·kg^-1）， with 10 rats in each group. The rats， except the control group， were injected with Mtb adjuvant and then exposed to artificial climatic chamber （hot and humid with wind） for 64 h for modeling. The rats were treated with water， DGNTT or MTX for 28 days from the day of injection. Arthritis index （AI） of rats was measured and paw volume was determined with a volume meter. The morphology of synovial tissues of the knees was observed based on hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and the changes of intestinal flora were analyzed based on 16S rRNA sequencing. ResultDGNTT can alleviate the hyperplasia of synovial tissue and inflammation of AA rats with FSR and inhibit the formation of pannus. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes， Lactobacillus， Prevotella 9， and Alloprevotella decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01） and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bacteroides increased （P<0.01） in FSR group compared those in the control group. Compared with the FSR group， all DGNTT groups and MTX group had high relative abundance of Lactobacillus （P<0.05， P<0.01） and low relative abundance of Bacteroidetes （P<0.01） and medium-dose and high-dose DGNTT groups and MTX group showed high abundance of Firmicutes， Prevotella 9， and Alloprevotella and low abundance of Bacteroides （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Spearman's correlation analysis suggested that the abundance of Bacteroides and Helicobacter was in positive correlation with AI （P<0.05）， while the abundance of Prevotella 9 and Candidatus Saccharimonas was in negative correlation with AI （P<0.01， P<0.05）. There was a negative correlation between the abundance of Prevotella 9 and paw volume （P<0.01）， and the abundance of Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group， Christensenellaceae R-7 group， and Bacteroides was in negative correlation with spleen index （P<0.05）. The abundance of Prevotella 9 was in negative correlation with spleen index （P<0.01）. ConclusionDGNTT is effective for arthritis with FSR， as it can regulate the composition of intestinal flora in AA rats by increasing the abundance of probiotics and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The mechanism is the likelihood that it improves intestinal immune metabolism to ensure intestinal homeostasis.

AIM: To investigate the regulatory effects of silybin on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice with non -alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by high - fat and high-cholesterol (HFHD) diet. METHODS: Mice were fed a HFHD diet to construct a NASH model, and serum levels of triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured using biochemical kits. H&E staining and oil red O staining were used to detect histopathological changes in the liver. Lipidomics was used to detect the alterations of hepatic lipid metabolism in NASH mice. RESULTS: Silybin significantly inhibited the increase of body weight, liver weight and abdominal fat, decreased serum T-CHO, TAG and LDL-C levels, improved hepatic lipid droplet accumulation and ballooning degeneration, and back-regulated hepatic palmitoleic acid (C16: 1) and polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids (PUFAs) in NASH mice. CONCLUSION: Silybin possibly reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity by modulating abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism in mice induced by HFHC diet.