Objective To analyze the characteristics of weekend surgery,and explore to shorten the preoperative hospital stay and average hospital stay of patients.Method Extract actual data on the number of discharged surgical patients and length of hospital stay,and use the Questionnaire Star to investigate the recognition of weekend surgeries by medical staff.Using chi square test and independent sample rank sum test,compare the differences in patients and surgical characteristics between weekend surgery and non weekend surgery,and analyze the influencing factors of surgical physicians using binary logistic regression model.Result The median length of hospital stay(3.0 days)and preoperative hospital stay(0.5 days)was lower than that of non weekend surgery patients(5.0,1.5 days);The proportion of fourth grade surgeries on weekends(28.9％)was lower than that of non weekend surgeries(37.0％);The consultation rate(10.74％)was lower than that of non weekend surgeries(17.0％);The proportion of daytime pilot surgeries(30.7％)was higher than that of non weekend surgeries(20.4％).The factors with the highest recognition among medical staff for conducting weekend surgeries were:improving patient satisfaction(84.7％)and reducing preoperative waiting risks(84.4％).The lowest factors were family support(45.5％)and multi departmental assistance and cooperation(58.8％).Conclusion Weekend surgery effectively shortens the average preoperative and average hospitalization days.Move the hospitalization consultation required for comorbidities management and preoperative examinations to the outpatient department.Mobilize the coordination and supporting resources of various departments within the hospital,and organically integrate various surgical methods such as weekend surgery and day surgery to improve the efficiency of medical operation.

ObjectiveTo evaluate pharmacological effects of Shengmai injection（SMI）on cerebral ischemia and study its neuroprotective mechanism. MethodsMale specific pathogen-free （SPF） Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a sham group， a model group， a low-dose SMI group（3 mL·kg^-1）， a middle-dose SMI group（6 mL·kg^-1）， a high-dose SMI group（12 mL·kg^-1）， and a Ginaton group（4 mL·kg^-1）according to the random number table method， with 12 rats in each group. The rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion（MCAO/R）was prepared via the suture method. The administration groups were intraperitoneally injected with corresponding concentrations of SMI or Ginaton injection after reperfusion， which was conducted for 3 consecutive days. The sham group and model group were administered the equivalent volume of physiological saline. The pharmacological effects of SMI on brain injury in MCAO/R rats were evaluated by neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， Nissl staining， terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） staining， and Western blot. The dominant link and key protein of SMI treating cerebral injury were explored using proteomic analysis. The related mechanisms of SMI were further validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， Western blot， and chloride ion fluorescence probe with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation（OGD/R）-treated PC12 cells and MCAO/R rats. ResultsCompared with the sham group， the model group showed significantly increased neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， neuronal apoptosis rate， and expression levels of apoptosis related proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）and significantly decreased density of Nissl bodies and neurons（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the SMI groups exhibited significantly decreased neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， neuronal apoptosis rate， and expression levels of apoptosis related proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）and significantly increased density of Nissl bodies and neurons （P<0.05）. The proteomic analysis results showed that oxidative stress and inflammatory response were important processes of SMI intervening in MCAO/R injury， and the chloride intracellular channel protein 1 （CLIC1） was one of key proteins in its action network. The levels of representative indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the MCAO/R rats of the SMI groups were significantly reduced， compared with those in the model group（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the expression levels of CLIC1 and downstream NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） decreased （P<0.01）. In addition， the experimental results based on the OGD/R PC12 cells showed that SMI significantly increased the cell survival rate（P<0.01） and significantly decreased the intracellular chloride ion concentration（P<0.05）. ConclusionSMI has neuroprotective effects. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response are key processes of SMI intervening in MCAO/R injury. The potential mechanism is closely related to the regulation of CLIC1.

The ageing of the adaptive immune system, mainly manifested by changes in the proportion of T cell subtypes, is the cause of various age-related diseases.As the largest immune system in the human, the intestinal mucosal immune system also undergoes adaptive immunosenescence, makes elderly vulnerable to various diseases and increases the risk of death.Metabolism plays an important role in immunosenescence, but the effect and mechanism of lipid metabolism on immunosenescence of intestinal mucosa are currently unclear.Our team focuses on Paget's nodus and lamina propria of colonic mucosa, which are important sites of intestinal immunity.The results show that abnormal lipid metabolism caused by high-fat diet can accelerate the immunosenescence of intestinal mucosa at different age groups.The effects of high-fat diet are more significant in the elderly, and statins may partially reverse the immunosenescence.This research provides new ideas for a deeper understanding and targeted therapy of immunosenescence.

The ageing of the adaptive immune system, mainly manifested by changes in the proportion of T cell subtypes, is the cause of various age-related diseases.As the largest immune system in the human, the intestinal mucosal immune system also undergoes adaptive immunosenescence, makes elderly vulnerable to various diseases and increases the risk of death.Metabolism plays an important role in immunosenescence, but the effect and mechanism of lipid metabolism on immunosenescence of intestinal mucosa are currently unclear.Our team focuses on Paget's nodus and lamina propria of colonic mucosa, which are important sites of intestinal immunity.The results show that abnormal lipid metabolism caused by high-fat diet can accelerate the immunosenescence of intestinal mucosa at different age groups.The effects of high-fat diet are more significant in the elderly, and statins may partially reverse the immunosenescence.This research provides new ideas for a deeper understanding and targeted therapy of immunosenescence.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of weekend surgery,and explore to shorten the preoperative hospital stay and average hospital stay of patients.Method Extract actual data on the number of discharged surgical patients and length of hospital stay,and use the Questionnaire Star to investigate the recognition of weekend surgeries by medical staff.Using chi square test and independent sample rank sum test,compare the differences in patients and surgical characteristics between weekend surgery and non weekend surgery,and analyze the influencing factors of surgical physicians using binary logistic regression model.Result The median length of hospital stay(3.0 days)and preoperative hospital stay(0.5 days)was lower than that of non weekend surgery patients(5.0,1.5 days);The proportion of fourth grade surgeries on weekends(28.9％)was lower than that of non weekend surgeries(37.0％);The consultation rate(10.74％)was lower than that of non weekend surgeries(17.0％);The proportion of daytime pilot surgeries(30.7％)was higher than that of non weekend surgeries(20.4％).The factors with the highest recognition among medical staff for conducting weekend surgeries were:improving patient satisfaction(84.7％)and reducing preoperative waiting risks(84.4％).The lowest factors were family support(45.5％)and multi departmental assistance and cooperation(58.8％).Conclusion Weekend surgery effectively shortens the average preoperative and average hospitalization days.Move the hospitalization consultation required for comorbidities management and preoperative examinations to the outpatient department.Mobilize the coordination and supporting resources of various departments within the hospital,and organically integrate various surgical methods such as weekend surgery and day surgery to improve the efficiency of medical operation.

Objective To investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and osteoporosis in elderly patients.Methods A total of 824 patients,aged≥60 years,who were hospitalized in Department of Gerontology,Peking University People's Hospital,from June 2016 to April 2023 were enrolled,with 398 patients in the osteoporosis group and 426 in the non-osteoporosis group.Related data were collected from all subjects,including general information,blood biochemical parameters,liver ultrasound,and bone mineral density measured by dual-energy X-ray examination.The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups,and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups;the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables;a binary Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for osteoporosis.Results Compared with the non-osteoporosis group,the osteoporosis group had a significantly higher age,a significantly higher proportion of female patients or patients with diabetes,and a significantly lower body mass index(all P<0.05).The osteoporosis group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with NAFLD than the non-osteoporosis group(36.2%vs 24.6%,χ2=12.878,P<0.001).Compared with the non-osteoporosis group,the osteoporosis group had significantly lower levels of hemoglobin,uric acid,and albumin and significantly higher levels of total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),bone-specific alkaline phosphatase,and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(all P<0.05).The binary Logistic regression analysis showed that old age(odd ratio[OR]=1.040,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.015-1.066,P=0.002),female sex(OR=4.089,95%CI:2.607-6.411,P<0.001),NAFLD(OR=1.697,95%CI:1.076-2.678,P=0.023),diabetes(OR=1.509,95%CI:1.008-2.260,P=0.046),and LDL-C(OR=1.431,95%CI:1.010-2.029,P=0.044)were independent risk factors for osteoporosis in elderly patients.Considering the impact of diabetes on the research findings,a subgroup analysis was performed for the patients without diabetes,and the results showed that NAFLD(OR=1.573,95%CI:1.015-2.439,P=0.043)was an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in the elderly patients without diabetes.Conclusion NAFLD,old age,and female sex are independent risk factors for osteoporosis in elderly patients.

Objective:To investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in the elderly.Methods:Three hundred ninety-two study subjects aged 60 years and above visiting the geriatric department of Peking University People's Hospital for chronic disease management between July 2016 and January 2018 were enrolled, and population-based clinical data of the study subjects were collected.Participants' cognitive function was assessed, and the correlation between NAFLD and MCI was analyzed.Results:The detection rate of MCI in the NAFLD group(n=191)was significantly higher than that in the non-NAFLD group(n=201)[38(19.9%) vs.21(10.4%) χ2=6.837, P=0.009]. Multivariate analysis revealed that NAFLD was closely correlated with and was an independent risk factor for MCI( OR=2.625, 95% CI: 1.250-5.512, P=0.011)after adjusting confounding variables such as age, sex, education level, components of metabolic syndrome, medication, and conditions affecting biochemical and metabolic processes.In addition, the female sex( OR=2.775, 95% CI: 1.363-5.651, P=0.005), unstable carotid plaques( OR=2.736, 95% CI: 1.131-6.620, P=0.026), serum albumin( OR=0.908, 95% CI: 0.840-0.982, P=0.015), fasting serum glucose( OR=1.268, 95% CI: 1.076-1.493, P=0.004), and the serum AST/ALT ratio( OR=2.984, 95% CI: 1.370-6.500, P=0.006)were also independently associated with MCI, of which, the female sex, unstable carotid plaques, increased levels of fasting serum glucose and the AST/ALT ratio were independent risk factors for MCI. Conclusions:NAFLD is associated with and is an independent risk factor for MCI in the elderly.Assessment of cognitive function in elderly patients with NAFLD should be emphasized.

Objective : To explore the type and control measure of black dot⁃like contaminants in cell cultures. Methods: The growth state of bacteria was investigated under an inverted microscope ; Their morphological characteristics were analyzed by Gram and auramine O staining as well as electron microscopy; 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze bacterial species ; Drug sensitivity test was used to screen antibiotics against the bacteria;Cryopreserved SH⁃SY5Y cells were resuscitated by cell culture supernatant of RAW264 cells. Results: Inverted microscopic real⁃time observations showed that black dot⁃like substances had two growth states : static and moving.They were negative for Gram staining while positive for auramine O staining. Electron microscopy revealed that they were short rod⁃shaped bacteria with a polar flagellum during moving phase. 16S rDNA gene sequencing showed that these bacteria were phenylobacterium zucineum HLK1. Ceftriaxone , carboxycillin and imipenem were screened by drug sensitivity test to have inhibitory effects on the bacteria , but cell culture experiments showed that they could not remove the bacteria from SH⁃SY5Y cells. Contaminated cells could not be cryopreserved for a long time , but resuscitation with RAW264. 7 cell culture supernatant significantly improved the survival rate of cells. Conclusion The black dot⁃like contaminants in cell cultures are a special type of oligotrophic bacterium with strong viability that can invade the cells and cannot be cleared with antibiotic treatment. RAW264. 7 cell culture supernatant seems contain some substances against bacteria , and resuscitating frozen cells with RAW264. 7 cell culture supernatant may significantly improve the survival rate of cells.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide and covers a series of pathological manifestations from hepatic steatosis to inflammation, fibrosis, and even liver cirrhosis. NAFLD is associated with a wide range of extrahepatic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, endocrine diseases, obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, psoriasis, and skeleton-muscle diseases. The major causes of death in patients with NAFLD include cardiovascular disease, malignancies, and liver-related complications, suggesting that extrahepatic diseases associated with NAFLD should be taken seriously by clinicians. This article reviews the research advances in extrahepatic diseases associated with NAFLD, so as to provide ideas for clinical assessment and treatment.