Objective To investigate the effects of artesunate(Art)on the proliferation,apoptosis,and autophagy of nephroblastoma cell line(SK-NEP-1).Methods SK-NEP-1 cells were intervened with different concentrations of Art(0,10,20,40 and 80 μmol/L),and MTT method was applied to calculate the cell proliferation inhibition rate to screen the optimal intervention concentration;SK-NEP-1 cells were separated into control group,Art group,3-MA group(Art+autophagy inhibitor,3-methyladenine),and Rapa group(Art+autophagy activator rapamycin).EdU and flow cytometry were applied to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis,respectively;MDC staining was applied to detect autophagy in cells;the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe;the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),anti apoptotic factor B cell lym-phomatoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax),microtubule junction protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ/3 Ⅰ(LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ),selective autophagy junction protein 1(p62),and benzyl chloride 1(Beclin-1)proteins in cells were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with 0 μmol/L Art,the proliferation inhibition rate of SK-NEP-1 cells was gradually increased after 10,20,40 and 80 μmol/L Art treatment(P＜0.05),and the IC50 value was 46.881 μmol/L,so 40 μmol/L Art was selected for follow-up experiments.Compared with the control group,the apoptosis rate,relative autophagy fluorescence intensity,ROS level,Bax,LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ,Beclin-1,PINK1,and Parkin protein expression levels of SK-NEP-1 cells in the Art group were obviously increased,the EdU positive cell rate,PCNA,Bcl-2,and P62 protein expression levels were obviously reduced(P＜0.05);The auto-phagy inhibitor 3-MA inhibited the promoting effect of Art on apoptosis and autophagy of nephroblastoma cells and inhibit proliferation(P＜0.05).Conclusions Art inhibits the proliferation of nephroblastoma cell line SK-NEP-1,and promotes autophagy and apoptosis.

This study was aimed to observe clinical efficacy of Bushen Huoxue Kaiqiao (BSHXKQ) treatment of diabetes-induced vascular mild cognitive impairment . A total of 30 cases of diabetes-induced vascular mild cognitive impairment were randomly divided into the treatment group ( 15 cases ) and the control group ( 15 cas-es). The treatment group received free-fried BSHXKQ prescription (Cistanche 10 g, Shichangpu 5 g, Sanqi 2 . 5 g ) for treatment 3 times a day , and in combination of 30 mg of nimodipine , 3 times a day . In the con-trol group , 30 mg of nimodipine was orally administrated 3 times a day . The treatment was continued for 6 months. Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Beijing Edition ( MoCA ) and TCM Syndrome Score were used in the evaluation before and after the treatment . The results showed that the rate of progress was in both groups after treatment . In the treatment group , the rate was 86 . 70%, and in the control group the rate was 33 . 33%. The total effective rate in the treatment group was superior to the control group ( P < 0 . 05 ) . There were statistical significances in the MoCa Scale , ADL Scale and TCM Syndrome Score before and after treatment in each group ( P < 0 . 05 ) . The treatment ef-fect in the treatment group was superior to the control group ( P < 0 . 05 ) . There was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse events in both groups . It was concluded that the effect of BSHXKQ prescription in the treatment of diabetes-induced vascular mild cognitive impairment was superior to nimodipine in improving activities of daily living , cognitive function , degree of dementia and TCM syndrome score . There was no differ-ence in the incidence of adverse events compared with nimodipine .