ObjectiveTo establish a regional risk assessment system for hospital-acquired infections in neurosurgery department of general hospital, and to evaluate its prevention and control effectiveness. MethodsFailure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) was used to identify the core risk factors for infections in neurosurgery department. The risk priority number (RPN) of each risk factor was calculated to determine the priority intervention targets. Targeted interventions were developed and continuously refined through the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycles. Data from January to June 2023 (control group) and July to December 2023 (intervention group) were collected to compare the differences in environmental hygiene monitoring qualification rate, incidence rate of hospital-acquired infections among inpatients, and detection rate of bacterial antimicrobial resistance. ResultsHigh-risk factors for hospital-acquired infections in neurosurgery department included patient-related risk factors, inadequate implementation of isolation measures for special infections, and poor compliance with surgical site infection (SSI) prevention protocols. After intervention, the environmental hygiene qualification rate significantly increased from 81.55% to 100.00% (χ²=120.49, P<0.001). The overall hospital-acquired infection rate among inpatients decreased from 2.62% to 2.45%, the infection rate of per case declined from 3.12% to 2.84%, and the detection rate of multidrug-resistant organism infections reduced from 43.72% to 36.79%. Additionally, antimicrobial utilization rate decreased from 48.75% to 42.53% (χ²=34.09, P<0.001). ConclusionThe FMEA-based risk assessment system can effectively identify critical infection risks in neurosurgery department, and targeted interventions can significantly improve infection prevention and control performance.

Quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) is an important tool in chromatography. QSRR examines the correlation between molecular structures and their retention behaviors during chromatographic separation. This approach involves developing models for predicting the retention time (RT) of analytes, thereby accelerating method development and facilitating compound identification. In addition, QSRR can be used to study compound retention mechanisms and support drug screening efforts. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of QSRR workflows and applications, with a special focus on the role of artificial intelligence-an area not thoroughly explored in previous reviews. Moreover, we discuss current limitations in RT prediction and propose promising solutions. Overall, this review offers a fresh perspective on future QSRR research, encouraging the development of innovative strategies that enable the diverse applications of QSRR models in chromatographic analysis.

Quantitative structure-retention relationship(QSRR)is an important tool in chromatography.QSRR examines the correlation between molecular structures and their retention behaviors during chro-matographic separation.This approach involves developing models for predicting the retention time(RT)of analytes,thereby accelerating method development and facilitating compound identification.In addition,QSRR can be used to study compound retention mechanisms and support drug screening ef-forts.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of QSRR workflows and applications,with a special focus on the role of artificial intelligence—an area not thoroughly explored in previous reviews.More-over,we discuss current limitations in RT prediction and propose promising solutions.Overall,this re-view offers a fresh perspective on future QSRR research,encouraging the development of innovative strategies that enable the diverse applications of QSRR models in chromatographic analysis.

Objective To develop a deep learning method for volumetric assessment of traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage(TICH)using the Trans-UNet model and to compare its performance with traditional formula-based methods.Methods CT data from 141 TICH patients admitted to Army Medical Center of PLA between May 2018 and May 2023 were collected.A deep learning method based on the Trans-UNet model was established.Manual delineation via picture archiving and communication system(PACS)was served as the gold standard for comparing the accuracy,consistency,and time efficiency of our method against 10 different formula-based methods for measuring the amount of TICH.Results The median volume of TICH,as manual delineation via PACS,was 1.167 mL,with a median measurement time of 135 s per patient.The median percentage error in volume between the deep learning method and manual delineation via PACS was 3.59％.Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.999(P＜0.001),and a median measurement time was only 4.38 s per patient.In contrast,in the formula-based methods,the lowest median percentage error in volume was 16.451％,the highest Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.986(P＜0.001),and the lowest median measurement time was 20 s for a single patient.The statistical differences were observed in percentage error in volume and measurement time between the 2 types of methods(all P＜0.001).Conclusion Our developed deep learning method for volumetric assessment of TICH is superior to the formula-based methods in terms of measurement accuracy and time efficiency.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on the inflammatory responses of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in septic mice and the role of circACTA2.Methods:In vivo experiment Eighty-one healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, were divided into 3 groups ( n=27 each) by a random number table method: sham operation group, sepsis group and Sal B group. Sepsis model was developed by cecal ligation and puncture. After sucessful preparation of the model, Sal B 7 mg/kg/d was intraperitoneally injected once a day for 2 consecutive days in Sal B group. Twenty mice in each group were randomly selected to measure systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and whole blood lactic acid (Lac) and to record the survival within 7 days after developing the model. Seven mice in each group were randomly selected at 48 h after developing the model, and the arterial vascular tissues were collected for determination of the expression of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) (by immunofluorescence staining), expression of IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 protein and mRNA (by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively), and expression of circACTA2 (by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). Cell experiment Mouse VSMCs were cultured and divided into 6 groups ( n=3 each) by a random number table method: control group (C group), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, Sal B group, si-circACTA2+ C group, si-circACTA2+ LPS group, and si-circACTA2+ Sal B group. The cells were incubated for 24 h with LPS (final concentration 1 μg/ml) in LPS group and with LPS (final concentration 1 μg/ml) and Sal B (final concentration 5 μmol/L) in Sal B group. VSMCs were transfected with si-circACTA2 only in si-circACTA2+ C group. At 24 h after transfection of si-circACTA2 into VSMCs, the cells were incubated with LPS (final concentration 1 μg/ml) in si-circACTA2+ LPS group and with LPS (final concentration 1 μg/ml) and Sal B (final concentration 5 μmol/L) for 24 h in si-circACTA2+ Sal B group. The expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 protein and mRNA was detected using Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of circACTA2 was determined by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results:In vivo experiment Compared with sham operation group, SBP, DBP and MAP were significantly decreased, the concentrations of whole blood Lac were increased, 7-day survival rate was decreased, the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 protein and mRNA in arterial vascular tissues was up-regulated, circACTA2 expression was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and the fluorescence of IL-1β was enhanced in sepsis group. Compared with sepsis group, SBP, DBP and MAP were significantly increased, whole blood Lac concentrations were decreased, 7-day survival rate was increased, the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 protein and mRNA in arterial vascular tissues was down-regulated, the expression of circACTA2 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the fluorescence of IL-1β was weakened in Sal B group. Cell experiment Compared with group C, the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 protein and mRNA was significantly up-regulated, and the expression of circACTA2 was down-regulated in LPS group ( P<0.05). Compared with LPS group, the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 protein and mRNA was significantly down-regulated, and the expression of circACTA2 was up-regulated in Sal B group ( P<0.05). Compared with si-circACTA2+ C group, the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 protein and mRNA was significantly up-regulated in si-circACTA2+ LPS group ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 protein and mRNA between si-circACTA2+ LPS group and si-circACTA2+ Sal B group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Sal B can reduce the inflammatory responses of VSMCs, and the mechanism may be related to promoting the expression of circACTA2 in septic mice.

AIM:To explore the impact of Delta-like ligand 3(DLL3)on the progression of prostate cancer(Pca)and to elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms.METHODS:Overexpression and interference plasmids of DLL3 gene were constructed,and the effects of DLL3 on the proliferation,migration and invasion of Pca cells were as-sessed.Tumorigenesis assay was employed to determine whether DLL3 influenced the proliferation of PC-3 cells in vivo.The impact of DLL3 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling was investigated through Western blotting.RESULTS:Overexpression of DLL3 significantly enhanced the proliferation,migration,invasion and EMT processes of Pca cells compared with empty vector group and blank control group(P＜0.05).Conversely,knockdown of DLL3 expression yielded opposite effects(P＜0.05).Moreover,up-regulation of DLL3 promoted tumor growth in the nude mouse xenograft model(P＜0.05).Further investigation demonstrated that DLL3 up-regulation led to increases in the levels of MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins.Interestingly,MAPK inhibitor effec-tively reduced the proliferation,migration and invasion of Pca cells caused by DLL3 overexpression(P＜0.05).CON-CLUSION:DLL3 promotes the proliferation,migration and invasion of Pca through the MAPK pathway.

Objective:To investigate the physical and mental experience, treatment compliance and use barriers of patients with insomnia in using digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) in order to provide qualitative evidence for the development and application optimization of the dCBT-I technology paradigm.Methods:From July to November 2021, a semi-structured interview outline was used to conduct in-depth interviews with the dCBT-I users ( n=10) to record their original feelings about the use of dCBT-I. Interpretative phenomenology's text analysis was used to explore the participants' experience and cognition of dCBT-I. Results:Text analysis and key information calibration were carried out on the verbatim transcripts of semi-structured interview recordings, and three core themes were extracted, namely stickiness factor, use barrier and optimization direction, as well as eight sub-themes, namely professionalism, accessibility, benefit experience, difficulty in task execution, instruction generalization, difficulty in software operation, enrich treatment content and personalized guidance.Conclusion:The present study showed that participants were receptive to the dCBT-I intervention and would be benefited from it.However, dCBT-I still needs to be optimized and improved to reduce the operating difficulty and explore more appropriate timing of manual intervention.

N6-Methyladenosine (m⁶A) is the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA, playing critical role in various bioprocesses. Like other epigenetic modifications, m⁶A modification can be catalyzed by the methyltransferase complex and erased dynamically to maintain cells homeostasis. Up to now, only two m⁶A demethylases have been reported, fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and alkylation protein AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), involving in a wide range of mRNA biological progress, including mRNA shearing, export, metabolism and stability. Furthermore, they participate in many significantly biological signaling pathway, and contribute to the progress and development of cancer along with other diseases. In this review, we focus on the studies about structure, inhibitors development and biological function of FTO and ALKBH5.

Objective:To explore the effect of auricular point pressing pill combined with rhubarb acupoint application on intestinal preparation and prevention of adverse events in colonoscopy.Methods:A total of 220 patients who met the inclusion criteria from May 2019 to February 2020 were randomly divided into 4 groups, 55 in each group. The control group was only given compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder. The auricular plaster group was combined with auricular point pressing pill on the basis of the control group. The acupoint sticking group was combined with rhubarb acupoint application on the basis of the control group. The combination group was combined with auricular point pressing pill and rhubarb acupoint application on the basis of the control group. The quality of bowel preparation was evaluated by Boston Bowel Preparation Scale(BBPS), and the adverse events such as perianal discomfort, defecation discomfort, abdominal pain and abdominal distension were observed.Results:After treatment, there was significant difference in BBPS score among the four groups ( F=3.038, P=0.030). The BBPS score in the acupoint sticking group (7.45 ± 1.20 vs. 6.78 ± 1.32) and combination group (7.26 ± 1.11 vs. 6.78 ± 1.32) were significantly higher than those in the control group( P<0.05). After treatment, there were significant differences in abdominal pain and abdominal distension scores among the four groups ( F=2.947, 5.879, P=0.034, 0.001). The scores of perianal discomfort (0.07 ± 0.38 vs. 0.44 ± 1.07), defecation discomfort (0.40 ± 0.81 vs. 0.87 ± 1.32) and abdominal pain (0.93 ± 1.32 vs. 1.69 ± 1.61) in the combination group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05), and the abdominal distension score (1.05 ± 1.00 vs. 1.64 ± 0.95) in the acupoint sticking was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Auricular combined with rhubarb powder acupoint application can improve the quality of bowel preparation and reduce intestinal adverse reactions. It can be used with polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for the intestinal preparation process.

Thyroid cancer is the most common head and neck malignant tumor, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the mechanism of the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer, and develop the diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets of thyroid cancer, so as to improve the curative effect of thyroid cancer and prolong the survival time of patients. The previous study has found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DANCR has abnormal high expression in thyroid cancer, which could promote the expression of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) by affecting miRNA-185-5p and transcription factor SMARCB1, and indirectly participate in autophagy and regulate the development of thyroid cancer. LncRNA DANCR is expected to become a new target for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. This paper introduces the possible regulatory mechanism of lncRNA DANCR in thyroid cancer, and provides new ideas for the basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.