Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of digital mammography combined with serum glutathione specific gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1(CHAC1)and retinoic acid-induced protein 14(RAI14)in identifying benign and malignant breast masses.Methods:A total of 189 patients with breast masses who were treated at Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from June 2019 to June 2024 were prospectively selected as the research subjects.According to the results of pathological biopsy,they were divided into benign mass group(128 cases)and malignant mass group(61 cases).All patients underwent digital mammography detection.The levels of serum CHAC1 and RAI14 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The general clinical data of the patients were collected and analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors of influencing benign and malignant nature of breast masses.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of CHAC1 and RAI14 for the benign and malignant nature of breast masses.The Kappa test was used to assess the consistency of results between each diagnostic method and the pathological detection.Results:For 189 patients with breast masses,digital mammography identified 56 cases of malignant masses and 133 cases of benign masses,and 13 cases of them were misdiagnosis and 18 cases of them were missed diagnosis.It showed a moderate consistency with the results of pathological detection(Kappa=0.617,P<0.05).Compared with the benign mass group,the levels of serum CHAC1 and RAI14 in the malignant mass group were significantly higher,and the differences of them between the two groups were statistically significant(t=12.249,12.512,P<0.05).The age,menopausal time,CHAC1 and RAI14 of the patients were all risk factors that can affect the benign and malignant nature of breast masses(OR=1.368,1.305,1.897,1.995,P<0.05).The area under curve(AUC),sensitivity and specificity of CHAC1 were respectively 0.816(95%CI:0.753～0.868),70.49%and 89.06%in diagnosing the benign and malignant nature of breast masses.These indicators of RAI14 were respectively 0.838(95%CI:0.778～0.888),68.85%and 89.84%in diagnosing the benign and malignant nature.The combined detection of the three methods identified 74 cases of malignant masses and 115 cases of benign masses,with 15 cases of misdiagnosis and 2 cases of missed diagnosis,which showed an extremely high consistency with the results of pathological detection(Kappa=0.805,P<0.001).The sensitivity(96.72%),negative predictive value(98.26%)and accuracy(91.01%)of the combined detection of digital mammography,serum CHAC1 and RAI14 were significantly higher than those of each alone detection of them,and the differences of them were significant(x2=15.310,16.623,15.310,11.690,12.402,11.572,5.276,5.276,4.677,P<0.05).Conclusion:The levels of serum CHAC1 and RAI14 appear increase in malignant breast masses,and digital mammography combined with serum CHAC1 and RAI14 has a certain of identification value for benign and malignant nature of breast masses.

A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 445 food service employees from 67 Chinese restaurants across all 16 administrative districts of Beijing City from August to December in 2022. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding salt reduction and hypertension. The results revealed that awareness was highest for the statement "Hypertensive patients should reduce salt intake" (88.3%), while awareness of "China′s diagnostic criteria for hypertension" was the lowest (23.8%). Positive attitude endorsement rates were 96.0% for willingness to reduce salt, 95.3% for perceived self-efficacy in salt reduction, and 93.0% for agreement with a low-salt diet. Regarding behaviors, the rates of actively reducing salt when ordering takeout or dining out, using low-sodium salt, and using salt-reducing spoons were 73.7%, 45.4%, and 55.5%, respectively. The overall compliance rate for salt-reduction related behaviors was 73.9%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that: compared to the 18-29 age group, employees aged 30-39 ( OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.16-4.14), 40-49 ( OR=3.36, 95% CI: 1.52-7.42), and 50-59 ( OR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.25-8.50) were significantly more likely to achieve compliance with salt-reduction behaviors; chefs were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to managerial staff ( OR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.08-3.98); employees in catering with adequate knowledge about salt reduction and hypertension were significantly more likely to exhibit behavioral compliance compared to those with inadequate knowledge ( OR=3.32, 95% CI: 1.83-5.92); employees in catering with positive attitudes towards salt reduction were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to those with negative attitudes ( OR=5.81, 95% CI: 2.05-16.43). In conclusion, food service employees in Beijing exhibit insufficient knowledge about salt intake and hypertension. While they demonstrate strong willingness to reduce salt, this does not consistently translate into action. Compliance with salt-reduction behaviors is influenced by age, education level, and job position. There is an urgent need to strengthen the dissemination of knowledge regarding high salt intake and hypertension and to implement personalized interventions targeting salt-reduction behaviors and skills.

A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 445 food service employees from 67 Chinese restaurants across all 16 administrative districts of Beijing City from August to December in 2022. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding salt reduction and hypertension. The results revealed that awareness was highest for the statement "Hypertensive patients should reduce salt intake" (88.3%), while awareness of "China′s diagnostic criteria for hypertension" was the lowest (23.8%). Positive attitude endorsement rates were 96.0% for willingness to reduce salt, 95.3% for perceived self-efficacy in salt reduction, and 93.0% for agreement with a low-salt diet. Regarding behaviors, the rates of actively reducing salt when ordering takeout or dining out, using low-sodium salt, and using salt-reducing spoons were 73.7%, 45.4%, and 55.5%, respectively. The overall compliance rate for salt-reduction related behaviors was 73.9%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that: compared to the 18-29 age group, employees aged 30-39 ( OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.16-4.14), 40-49 ( OR=3.36, 95% CI: 1.52-7.42), and 50-59 ( OR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.25-8.50) were significantly more likely to achieve compliance with salt-reduction behaviors; chefs were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to managerial staff ( OR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.08-3.98); employees in catering with adequate knowledge about salt reduction and hypertension were significantly more likely to exhibit behavioral compliance compared to those with inadequate knowledge ( OR=3.32, 95% CI: 1.83-5.92); employees in catering with positive attitudes towards salt reduction were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to those with negative attitudes ( OR=5.81, 95% CI: 2.05-16.43). In conclusion, food service employees in Beijing exhibit insufficient knowledge about salt intake and hypertension. While they demonstrate strong willingness to reduce salt, this does not consistently translate into action. Compliance with salt-reduction behaviors is influenced by age, education level, and job position. There is an urgent need to strengthen the dissemination of knowledge regarding high salt intake and hypertension and to implement personalized interventions targeting salt-reduction behaviors and skills.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of digital mammography combined with serum glutathione specific gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1(CHAC1)and retinoic acid-induced protein 14(RAI14)in identifying benign and malignant breast masses.Methods:A total of 189 patients with breast masses who were treated at Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from June 2019 to June 2024 were prospectively selected as the research subjects.According to the results of pathological biopsy,they were divided into benign mass group(128 cases)and malignant mass group(61 cases).All patients underwent digital mammography detection.The levels of serum CHAC1 and RAI14 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The general clinical data of the patients were collected and analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors of influencing benign and malignant nature of breast masses.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of CHAC1 and RAI14 for the benign and malignant nature of breast masses.The Kappa test was used to assess the consistency of results between each diagnostic method and the pathological detection.Results:For 189 patients with breast masses,digital mammography identified 56 cases of malignant masses and 133 cases of benign masses,and 13 cases of them were misdiagnosis and 18 cases of them were missed diagnosis.It showed a moderate consistency with the results of pathological detection(Kappa=0.617,P<0.05).Compared with the benign mass group,the levels of serum CHAC1 and RAI14 in the malignant mass group were significantly higher,and the differences of them between the two groups were statistically significant(t=12.249,12.512,P<0.05).The age,menopausal time,CHAC1 and RAI14 of the patients were all risk factors that can affect the benign and malignant nature of breast masses(OR=1.368,1.305,1.897,1.995,P<0.05).The area under curve(AUC),sensitivity and specificity of CHAC1 were respectively 0.816(95%CI:0.753～0.868),70.49%and 89.06%in diagnosing the benign and malignant nature of breast masses.These indicators of RAI14 were respectively 0.838(95%CI:0.778～0.888),68.85%and 89.84%in diagnosing the benign and malignant nature.The combined detection of the three methods identified 74 cases of malignant masses and 115 cases of benign masses,with 15 cases of misdiagnosis and 2 cases of missed diagnosis,which showed an extremely high consistency with the results of pathological detection(Kappa=0.805,P<0.001).The sensitivity(96.72%),negative predictive value(98.26%)and accuracy(91.01%)of the combined detection of digital mammography,serum CHAC1 and RAI14 were significantly higher than those of each alone detection of them,and the differences of them were significant(x2=15.310,16.623,15.310,11.690,12.402,11.572,5.276,5.276,4.677,P<0.05).Conclusion:The levels of serum CHAC1 and RAI14 appear increase in malignant breast masses,and digital mammography combined with serum CHAC1 and RAI14 has a certain of identification value for benign and malignant nature of breast masses.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) among people with latent TB infection (LTBI) in China. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18, 2023 to December 31, 2023 across 10 counties in China. According to a national technical guide, we included healthcare workers, students, teachers, and others occupations aged 15-65 years as our research participants. RESULTS: Overall, 17.0% (183/1,077) of participants accepted TPT. There were statistically significant differences in the acceptance rate of TPT among different sexes, ages, educational levels, and occupations ( P < 0.05). The main barriers to TPT acceptance were misconceptions that it had uncertain effects on prevention (57.8%, 517/894), and concerns about side effects (32.7%, 292/894). CONCLUSION An enhanced and comprehensive understanding of LTBI and TPT among people with LTBI is vital to further expand TPT in China. Moreover, targeted policies need to be developed to address barriers faced by different groups of people.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Aged ; Latent Tuberculosis/prevention & control* ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control* ; Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use* ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice

Objective:To construct the nutritional intervention regimen for elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and rehabilitation period.Methods:Based on Stetler evidence-based practice model, 151 elderly patients with hip fractures surgery who were admitted to Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences from January to May 2019 were investigated, and nutritional problems were found in the perioperative period and 3 months after surgery. Through systematic literature search, the best evidence was extracted to construct a nutritional intervention regimen for elderly hip fractures patients with oral nutrition supplements (ONS) . The expert meeting method was adopted to demonstrate the scheme and determine the final intervention scheme and process.Results:A total of 7 guidelines were included, and 25 recommendations were formed based on evidence, including 24 strong recommendations and 1 weak recommendation. Nutritional intervention scheme and process for elderly patients with hip fractures, mainly ONS, were determined. The expert authority coefficient was 0.89.Conclusions:In this study, the nutritional intervention regimen for elderly patients with hip fractures, mainly ONS, was constructed with a high degree of expert authority and reliable results, providing a theoretical basis for clinical nutrition intervention for elderly patients with hip fractures in the perioperative period.

Objective To analyze the correlation of traditional Chinese medical constitution types withcardiovascular risk factors in community hypertension patients. Methods We defined the constitution types of 1108 community hypertension patients, created personal health archives and provided routine examination for the subjects. After that, we input and analyzed the relevant data and results by computer. Results In 1108 cases of hypertension patients, 229 (20.67%) were defined as harmony physique, 879 (79.33%) as biased physique. In patients with biased physique, phlegm-dampness physique accounted for 25.54% (283 cases) , and then came yin deficiency physique and Qi deficiency physique, which accounted for 15.16% (168 cases) and 13.18% (146 cases) , respectively. The biased physique was dominated by single biased physique with a total of 590 cases ( 67.12%) , but the complex physique was also in large quantity, with a total of 289 cases ( 32.88%) . The complex physique consisting of two kinds of single physique was commonly seen in the patients with complex physique, accounting for 15.70%. The complex physique consisting of more kinds of single physique had less percentage. Phlegm-dampness physique was a kind of physique involving the most cardiovascular risk factors. Patients with phlegm-dampness physique had higher incidence of overweight, abnormal lipid level, family history of cardiovascular disease, lack of physical exercise and electrocardiographic abnormality, and the difference was statistically significant compared with other physique types ( P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Conclusion Phlegm-dampness, yin deficiency and Qi deficiency physique are the three commonly-seen constitution types in hypertension patients. Phlegm-dampness physique is the most commonly-seen biased physique and is also a kind of physique involving the most cardiovascular risk factors. Prevention and management in consideration with the constitution characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors will be a new prospective method for the treatment of hypertension patients in community.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the difference in conjugated bile acids in the gallbladder bile between gallbladder cholesterol polyps and adenomatous polyps patients, and screen the differential diagnosis-markers for polypoid lesions of gallbladder (PLG).

METHODSFrom January to June 2013, the 20 cholesterol polyps patients, 10 adenomatous polyps patients and 10 patients without gallbladder diseases were enrolled. High performance liquid chromatography assay with ultraviolet detection was used to test 8 conjugated bile acids in gallbladder bile.

RESULTSThe 8 conjugated bile acids were completely analyzed in 10 minutes, and the assay was liner in the range 8-500 µg/ml. The correlation coeffients for linear regression was from 0.9996-0.9999 and the detection limits ranged from 3.90-7.81 µg/ml. The level of taurocholic acid (TCA) in adenomatous polyps group ((75 ± 51) µg/ml) was significantly lower than that in the cholesterol polyps ((228 ± 206) µg/ml, q = 3.120, P = 0.014) and control groups ((104 ± 40) µg/ml, q = 2.950, P = 0.027). The level of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) in cholesterol polyps group ((604 ± 444) µg/ml) was significantly higher than that in the adenomatous polyps ((310 ± 182) µg/ml, q = 2.560, P = 0.048) and control groups ((308 ± 21) µg/ml, q = 2.970, P = 0.023).

CONCLUSIONSThe levels of TCA and TCDCA in the gallbladder biles in cholesterol polyps patients were higher than those in adenomatous polyps patients, which may be the differential diagnosis-markers for PLG.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; Adult ; Aged ; Bile ; chemistry ; Bile Acids and Salts ; analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gallbladder Diseases ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyps ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of proanthcyaindin on angiogenesis of rats with ischemic hindlimb.Methods Twelve male SD rats were randomized divided into control group (n =6) and proanthcyaindin group (PC group,n =6).Lower limb ischemia rat model was establish,rats in both group were administration by oral daily,and PC group was given proanthocyanidins 200 mg/(kg · d),while the control group received the same volume of saline.Forteen days after surgery,ischemic tissues of adductor were collected for several tests including the expression of CD31 in the ischemic muscle tissue and the number of new blood vessels by immunohistochemical staining,hypoxia inducible factor-1 protein expression by western blot,and vascular endothelial growth factor level test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The capillary count showed that the angiogenesis situation of PC group was (69.67 ±3.11)/HP,higher than that in control group((111.00 ± 3.11)/HP,t =13.350,P ＜ 0.0001).The HIF-1 protein expression in PC group was (1.90 ± 0.25),remarkable higher than that in control group (0.54 ± 0.21,t =4.183,P =0.0058).Compared with control group,VEGF level in PC group increased((432.86 ± 13.00) μg/L vs.(326.68 ± 11.08) μg/L,t =6.216,P ＜0.0001).Conclusion Proanthcyaindin plays a positive role in angiogenesis after ischemia.PC may induce up-regulation of HIF-1 and VEGF,and then promote the formation of endovascular through multiple signaling pathways consequently.

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects of Erchen decoction, Taohongsiwu decoction on CYP2E1 activity and microsome protein content in non-alcoholic fatty liver rats.Methods: Experimental animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver rats were established , then treated with Erchen decoction, TaohongSiwu decoction.Microsome protein content and cyp2e1 activity are tested after treatment.Results: Microsome protein content of non-alcoholic fatty liver rats reduced and cyp2e1 activity increased. Compared with model group, in Erchen decoction group, the microsome protein content in hepatocyte increased significantly (P