Objective: To explore the intervention effects of different exercise modalities on executive function in school aged children, providing references for formulating exercise prescriptions to promote school aged children executive function. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM to identify studies on the effects of exercises on executive function in school aged children. The search period spanned from the database inception to August 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Network Meta analysis was performed using Stata 16.0. Results: A total of 51 studies involving 5 710 school aged children and seven modalities of exercises(control group,small ball sports,large ball sports,aerobic exercise,combined exercise,sport game,gymnastic and dance sports) were finally included. Network Meta analysis showed that, in terms of inhibitory control development of school aged children, small ball sports ( SMD =-0.98,95% CI =-1.32 to -0.64 ), large ball sports ( SMD =-0.64,95% CI =-0.91 to -0.36), and mixed sports ( SMD =-0.26,95% CI =-0.50 to -0.02]) were more effective than the control group; in terms of working memory, largeball sports ( SMD =-1.26,95% CI =-1.88 to -0.65) and small ball sports ( SMD =-0.91,95% CI =-1.64 to -0.19) were superior to the control group; in terms of improving cognitive flexibility, large ball sports ( SMD =-1.02,95% CI =-1.28 to -0.76), gymnastics and dance sports ( SMD =-0.80,95% CI =-1.21 to -0.40), and small ball sports ( SMD =-0.75,95% CI =-1.15 to -0.36) were more effective than the control group (all P <0.05). Surface under cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) showed that small ball sports had the highest value (SUCRA=98.9%) in improving inhibitory control, while large ball sports achieved the highest score(SUCRA=92.6%) in enhancing working memory, and large ball sports also had the highest value(SUCRA=94.7%) in promoting cognitive flexibility. Conclusions For developing inhibitory control in school aged children, small ball sports are recommended as a priority. For enhancing working memory and cognitive flexibility, large ball sports are recommended.

Objective:To investigate the value of 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the assessment for clinically pathologic features of prostate cancer(PCa).Methods:The case data of 102 PCa patients who were confirmed by histology in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from April 2020 to July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.51 PCa patients of them were included in cancer group,and 51 patients with prostatic hyperplasia were included in hyperplasia group.Multi-parametric MRI was implemented in all patients.Imaging performance was scored by using Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1(PI-RADS v2.1).The distribution of scores between the two groups was compared and analyzed.The correlations between the PI-RADS v2.1 scores and PCa clinically pathological features which included Gleason scores,serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)level,tumor staging and aggressiveness were analyzed and explored by using Spearman correlation analysis.The diagnostic efficacy of the 3.0T MRI technique for PCa was analyzed by using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results:The PI-RADS v2.1 score of cancer group was 4(4,5)scores,which was significantly higher than 2(3,4)scores of hyperplasia group,and the difference of that between two groups was significant(U=369.5,P<0.05).The rate of high scores(4,5 scores)of cancer group was more than that of hyperplasia group in the distribution of scores,and the difference of that between two groups was significant(x2=51.220,P<0.05).In patients of cancer group,PI-RADS v2.1 score showed significant correlation with serum PSA level,Gleason score,tumor staging and aggressiveness(P<0.05),respectively,and they were significant(r=0.815,0.723,0.693,P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve(AUC)value of PI-RADS v2.1 score was 0.858(95%CI:0.783-0.932)in diagnosing PCa,which can effectively distinguish PCa and prostate hyperplasia.It had higher diagnostic efficacy,which was higher than that of serum PSA.Conclusions:3.0T MRI has favorable accuracy in diagnosing PCa,and it can be used as a noninvasive test method to diagnose and assess pathological features of tumor.

Objective:To explore the correlation between quantitative parameters based on SUV acquired by dynamic SPECT/CT imaging of parotid glands and pathological grading of labial gland in patients with primary Sj?gren syndrome (pSS).Methods:Seventy-two patients (6 males, 66 females, age (51.5±13.8) years) with confirmed pSS diagnosed at Hebei General Hospital between August 2022 and March 2024 were prospectively included. The clinical data and pathological grading information from labial gland biopsies were analyzed. Dynamic SPECT/CT imaging of the parotid glands was performed, and quantitative parameters based on SUV were obtained using Q-metrix software: SUV max, SUV mean, uptake volume of parotid glands (UVP) and total parotid uptake (TPU) pre/post-acid stimulation, as well as the differences in quantitative parameters before and after acid stimulation (ΔSUV max, ΔSUV mean, ΔUVP, and ΔTPU). The independent-sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate the differences in parameters between patients with pathological grade 1-2 and those with pathological grade 3-4. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between quantitative parameters and pathological grading. The performance of quantitative parameters in distinguishing pathological grade 1-2 from grade 3-4 was assessed using ROC curve analysis with Delong test. Results:The SUV max pre/post-acid stimulation in patients with pathological grade 1-2 ( n=30) were higher than those in patients with grade 3-4 ( n=42) (36.38(27.81, 44.17) vs 15.45(10.77, 24.51), Z=-5.51, P<0.001(pre-acid stimulation); 21.53(16.93, 26.21) vs 11.33(7.32, 15.89), Z=-5.27, P<0.001 (post-acid stimulation)). SUV mean, UVP and TPU pre/post-acid stimulation in patients with pathological grade 1-2, as well as ΔSUV max, ΔSUV mean and ΔTPU, were all significantly higher ( Z values: from -4.73 to -3.04, t values: 6.39, 4.50, all P<0.01). Moreover, these parameters were negatively correlated with the pathological grading ( rs values: from -0.66 to -0.36, all P<0.05). No significant difference in ΔUVP was observed between patients with pathological grade 1-2 and those with grade 3-4 ( Z=-1.05, P=0.293), and ΔUVP showed no correlation with pathological grading ( rs=-0.13, P=0.297). Among all parameters, SUV max pre/post-acid stimulation and TPU pre-acid stimulation exhibited better diagnostic performance in differentiating pathological grade 1-2 from grade 3-4, with AUC values of 0.883, 0.866, and 0.888, respectively. Delong test showed that those 3 AUC values were all higher than AUC values of SUV mean, UVP post-acid stimulation and ΔUVP (all AUC<0.800; Z values: 2.09-4.65, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The quantitative parameters of parotid glands based on SUV acquired by dynamic SPECT/CT can reflect the damage degree of parotid glands in patients with pSS, providing novel quantitative analytical tools for the functional diagnosis and assessment of pSS.

Objective:To investigate the value of 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the assessment for clinically pathologic features of prostate cancer(PCa).Methods:The case data of 102 PCa patients who were confirmed by histology in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from April 2020 to July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.51 PCa patients of them were included in cancer group,and 51 patients with prostatic hyperplasia were included in hyperplasia group.Multi-parametric MRI was implemented in all patients.Imaging performance was scored by using Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1(PI-RADS v2.1).The distribution of scores between the two groups was compared and analyzed.The correlations between the PI-RADS v2.1 scores and PCa clinically pathological features which included Gleason scores,serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)level,tumor staging and aggressiveness were analyzed and explored by using Spearman correlation analysis.The diagnostic efficacy of the 3.0T MRI technique for PCa was analyzed by using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results:The PI-RADS v2.1 score of cancer group was 4(4,5)scores,which was significantly higher than 2(3,4)scores of hyperplasia group,and the difference of that between two groups was significant(U=369.5,P<0.05).The rate of high scores(4,5 scores)of cancer group was more than that of hyperplasia group in the distribution of scores,and the difference of that between two groups was significant(x2=51.220,P<0.05).In patients of cancer group,PI-RADS v2.1 score showed significant correlation with serum PSA level,Gleason score,tumor staging and aggressiveness(P<0.05),respectively,and they were significant(r=0.815,0.723,0.693,P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve(AUC)value of PI-RADS v2.1 score was 0.858(95%CI:0.783-0.932)in diagnosing PCa,which can effectively distinguish PCa and prostate hyperplasia.It had higher diagnostic efficacy,which was higher than that of serum PSA.Conclusions:3.0T MRI has favorable accuracy in diagnosing PCa,and it can be used as a noninvasive test method to diagnose and assess pathological features of tumor.

BACKGROUND:Polyether ether ketone has the advantages of elastic modulus close to human cortical bone,good ray transmission,chemical stability,and biocompatibility.Polyether ether ketone is expected to be applied in the field of oral implants.However,polyether ether ketone is bioinert and is difficult to integrate with surrounding bone tissue.Therefore,how to improve the surface bioactivity of polyether ether ketone remains a major issue.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the osteogenic and vasogenic effects of polyether ether ketone surface bone forming peptide 1 and polydopamine composite coating.METHODS:Polyether ether ketone titanium sheets were immersed in dopamine solution for 24 hours to prepare polyether ether ketone-polydopamine materials.Polyether ether ketone-polydopamine material was immersed in the bone forming peptide 1 solution for 24 hours to prepare polyether ether ketone-polydopamine-bone forming peptide 1 material.The micromorphology,hydrophilicity,and elemental composition of the material were characterized.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were injected on the surface of polyether ether ketone,polyether ether ketone-polydopamine,and polyether ether ketone-polydopamine-bone forming peptide-1 materials.Cell viability and adhesion status were evaluated by live/dead cell staining and cytoskeleton staining.Cellular osteogenic differentiation ability was detected by alizarin red and osteocalcin immunofluorescence staining.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were inoculated on the surface of three groups of materials.Cell viability and angiogenesis level were assessed by live/dead cell staining and immunofluorescence staining of cytoskeleton/vascular endothelial growth factor.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under scanning electron microscope,the surface of polyether ether ketone material was smooth;the surface of polyether ether ketone-polydopamine material had uneven deposits,and the surface of polyether ether ketone-polydopamine-bone forming peptide 1 material had small particles protruding.The results of contact angle test showed that the hydrophilicity of polyether ether ketone-polydopamine-bone forming peptide-1 material was better than the other two materials.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that bone forming peptide 1 had been successfully modified on the surface of polyether ether ketone material.(2)Live/dead cell staining and cytoskeleton staining exhibited that compared with the other two materials,polyether ether ketone-polydopamine-bone-forming peptide 1 material could improve the viability and adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Alizarin red and osteocalcin immunofluorescence staining showed that compared with the other two materials,polyether ether ketone-polydopamine-bone forming peptide-1 materials could promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.(3)Live/dead cell staining and immunofluorescence staining showed that compared with the other two materials,polyether ether ketone-polydopamine-bone forming peptide 1 material could improve the viability and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor protein.(4)The results show that the modification of bone forming peptide 1 and polydopamine composite coating on polyether ether ketone surface can improve the osteogenesis and angiogenesis.

Objective To analyze the current status of medical services in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province based on DRG,and to provide effective support for the implementation strategies of bidirectional referral.Methods The DRG group was used to analyze 42.348 3 million cases from 75 secondary hospitals and 69 tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2023.Experts were organized to establish standards for bidirectional referral of diseases.Results(1)35 high-frequency DRG disease groups with diagnosis,treatment ability and medical resources in secondary hospitals were selected,(2)The medical expenses and medical quality in the high-frequency DRG disease groups within secondary hospitals were lower than those in tertiary hospitals,(3)To develop standardized referral standards and programs with esophageal cancer as an example.Conclusion It is urgent to triage patients gradually and accurately through disease classification management,and formulate disease diagnosis and treatment plans and bidirectional referral standards to improve the medical quality of secondary hospitals.

Objective:To explore the correlation between quantitative parameters based on SUV acquired by dynamic SPECT/CT imaging of parotid glands and pathological grading of labial gland in patients with primary Sj?gren syndrome (pSS).Methods:Seventy-two patients (6 males, 66 females, age (51.5±13.8) years) with confirmed pSS diagnosed at Hebei General Hospital between August 2022 and March 2024 were prospectively included. The clinical data and pathological grading information from labial gland biopsies were analyzed. Dynamic SPECT/CT imaging of the parotid glands was performed, and quantitative parameters based on SUV were obtained using Q-metrix software: SUV max, SUV mean, uptake volume of parotid glands (UVP) and total parotid uptake (TPU) pre/post-acid stimulation, as well as the differences in quantitative parameters before and after acid stimulation (ΔSUV max, ΔSUV mean, ΔUVP, and ΔTPU). The independent-sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate the differences in parameters between patients with pathological grade 1-2 and those with pathological grade 3-4. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between quantitative parameters and pathological grading. The performance of quantitative parameters in distinguishing pathological grade 1-2 from grade 3-4 was assessed using ROC curve analysis with Delong test. Results:The SUV max pre/post-acid stimulation in patients with pathological grade 1-2 ( n=30) were higher than those in patients with grade 3-4 ( n=42) (36.38(27.81, 44.17) vs 15.45(10.77, 24.51), Z=-5.51, P<0.001(pre-acid stimulation); 21.53(16.93, 26.21) vs 11.33(7.32, 15.89), Z=-5.27, P<0.001 (post-acid stimulation)). SUV mean, UVP and TPU pre/post-acid stimulation in patients with pathological grade 1-2, as well as ΔSUV max, ΔSUV mean and ΔTPU, were all significantly higher ( Z values: from -4.73 to -3.04, t values: 6.39, 4.50, all P<0.01). Moreover, these parameters were negatively correlated with the pathological grading ( rs values: from -0.66 to -0.36, all P<0.05). No significant difference in ΔUVP was observed between patients with pathological grade 1-2 and those with grade 3-4 ( Z=-1.05, P=0.293), and ΔUVP showed no correlation with pathological grading ( rs=-0.13, P=0.297). Among all parameters, SUV max pre/post-acid stimulation and TPU pre-acid stimulation exhibited better diagnostic performance in differentiating pathological grade 1-2 from grade 3-4, with AUC values of 0.883, 0.866, and 0.888, respectively. Delong test showed that those 3 AUC values were all higher than AUC values of SUV mean, UVP post-acid stimulation and ΔUVP (all AUC<0.800; Z values: 2.09-4.65, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The quantitative parameters of parotid glands based on SUV acquired by dynamic SPECT/CT can reflect the damage degree of parotid glands in patients with pSS, providing novel quantitative analytical tools for the functional diagnosis and assessment of pSS.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of Femoral Artery Compression-Related Skin Complications Around the Puncture Site(FACR-SCAPS)in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)undergoing transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling.A total of 1 573 HCC patients who underwent TACE between April 2023 and October 2024 were recruited from interventional radiology departments,oncology units,and specialized centers across 10 hospitals in Beijing,Tianjin,Shandong,Hebei,Qinghai,and Inner Mongolia.Descriptive statistics,univariate analysis,and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of FACR-SCAPS in this population.Results Among the 1 573 primary HCC patients undergoing TACE interventional therapy,FACR-SCAPS occurred in 28.99％(456/1 573),with a total of 476 complication instances recorded(30.26 per 100 patients).Patients with a single complication accounted for 96.93％,whereas those with multiple complications constituted 3.07％.The most prevalent types of complications were skin erythema,skin ecchymosis,and hard lumps formation,collectively accounting for 96.49％of all complications.Hematoma,blisters,and rupture complications collectively accounted for only 4.61％.Logistic regression analysis revealed that peak diastolic blood pressure during compression(OR=1.024,95％CI:1.013-1.035,P＜0.001),use of rotary compression hemostasis devices(OR=3.220,95％CI:2.120-4.891,P＜0.001),elevated PT-INR(OR=19.630,95％CI:6.039-63.810,P＜0.001),and anticoagulant use within the last three months(OR=1.909,95％CI:1.064-3.427,P=0.030)were significant influencing factors associated with FACR-SCAPS post-TACE.Conclusion FACR-SCAPS is commonly seen among primary HCC patients after TACE,its risk factors include peak diastolic blood pressure during compression,use of rotary compression devices,elevated PT-INR,and recent anticoagulant use.

Objective:To clarify the current status of mechanical ventilation management in critically ill patients and identify prognostic risk factors in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, thereby providing evidence for targeted training programs and quality improvement initiatives.Methods:A cohort study was conducted across multiple ICUs in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 31 to February 1, 2024. Patients receiving mechanical ventilation during the study period were enrolled, with clinical outcomes followed up until February 28, 2024. Statistical analyses included demographic characteristics, therapeutic interventions, laboratory parameters, and medication regimens.Results:A total of 77 ICUs and 727 patients were screened in the study, and 253 (34.80%) patients who received mechanical ventilation were ultimately included. Among these patients, 177 patients (69.96%) were treated in tertiary hospitals, and 76 patients (30.04%) in secondary hospitals. Significant differences were observed between tertiary and secondary hospitals regarding ventilator mode selection and mechanical ventilation parameter settings (all P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the 28-day mortality rate between tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals (33.9% vs. 43.4%, P=0.194). Compared with patients in the survival group, death group patients were older and had more severe disease severity. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that body temperature ( HR=1.573, 95% CI: 1.173-2.110, P=0.003), white blood cell count ( HR=1.048, 95% CI: 1.012-1.084, P=0.008), pH ( HR=0.019, 95% CI: 0.001-0.349, P=0.007), age > 65 years ( HR=1.817, 95% CI: 1.086-3.041, P=0.023), and fraction of inspired oxygen ≥ 60% ( HR=2.072, 95% CI: 1.143-3.757, P=0.016) were independent influencing factors for 28-day mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. Conclusions:Mechanically ventilated patients are a major component of the ICU population in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with the characteristics of high risk of death. The clinical practice of mechanical ventilation in this region is heterogeneous. In the future, it is urgent to strengthen the improvement of medical quality and related training to improve the success rate of patients with mechanical ventilation.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a tumor characterized by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and poor prognosis. Its complex immune evasion mechanisms are primarily related to T cell dysfunction and the suppression of anti-tumor immune responses. Immunotherapy aims to modulate the patient’s immune system to recognize and eliminate tumor cells, thereby achieving therapeutic goals. Studies have demonstrated that the TME plays a pivotal role in HNSCC pathogenesis, facilitating tumorigenesis, progression, and therapy resistance, ultimately contributing to adverse clinical outcomes. Advances in technology have deepened understanding of the TME, paving the way for novel therapeutic interventions in HNSCC. This review comprehensively summarizes the efficacy and safety of TME-targeted immunotherapies, integrating evidence from published clinical trials, while proposing insights for future research to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.