Objective To analyze the value of serum neutrophil count (NEUT), homocysteine (Hcy), adiponectin (APN) and blood glucose in predicting the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods The clinical data of 98 patients with coronary heart disease who were admitted to the hospital from March 2022 to March 2024 were collected retrospectively. Patients included were divided into AMI group (n=33) and non-AMI group (n=65) according to the presence and absence of AMI. Baseline data, complications, ultrasound examination data and laboratory examination data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors of AMI in patients with coronary heart disease. The receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of NEUT, Hcy, APN and blood glucose for AMI in patients with coronary heart disease. Results The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), NEUT, APN, Hcy, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and white blood cell (WBC) in the AMI group were higher than those in the non-AMI group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis found that FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, NEUT, APN, Hcy, NT-proBNP, CRP, RDW, and WBC were independent influencing factors of AMI in patients with coronary heart disease (P<0.05). ROC curves indicated that the levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, NEUT, APN and Hcy were abnormally elevated in patients with coronary heart disease. Above indicators were helpful for predicting the occurrence of AMI. The area under the curve (AUC) and sensitivity of FPG for predicting AMI in patients with coronary heart disease were the best (P<0.05). Conclusion Abnormal elevated levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, NEUT, APN and Hcy are independent risk factors for AMI in patients with coronary heart disease. All of these indicators have predictive value.

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Numerous c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (c-MET) inhibitors have been reported as potential anticancer agents. However, most fail to enter clinical trials owing to poor efficacy or drug resistance. To date, the scaffold-based chemical space of small-molecule c-MET inhibitors has not been analyzed. In this study, we constructed the largest c-MET dataset, which included 2,278 molecules with different structures, by inhibiting the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of kinase activity. No significant differences in drug-like properties were observed between active molecules (1,228) and inactive molecules (1,050), including chemical space coverage, physicochemical properties, and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiles. The higher chemical diversity of the active molecules was downscaled using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) high-dimensional data. Further clustering and chemical space networks (CSNs) analyses revealed commonly used scaffolds for c-MET inhibitors, such as M5, M7, and M8. Activity cliffs and structural alerts were used to reveal "dead ends" and "safe bets" for c-MET, as well as dominant structural fragments consisting of pyridazinones, triazoles, and pyrazines. Finally, the decision tree model precisely indicated the key structural features required to constitute active c-MET inhibitor molecules, including at least three aromatic heterocycles, five aromatic nitrogen atoms, and eight nitrogen-oxygen atoms. Overall, our analyses revealed potential structure-activity relationship (SAR) patterns for c-MET inhibitors, which can inform the screening of new compounds and guide future optimization efforts.

Objective To explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome characteristics of patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever and to provide empirical data to support the application of TCM in diagnosing and treating Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect clinical data(sex,age,days since onset,and comorbidity underlying disease conditions)and TCM with four-examination information(symptoms,tongue manifestations,and pulse manifestations)from 255 patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever who visited Lecong Hospital of Shunde,Foshan,the Third People's Hospital of Shunde District of Foshan,Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University Affiliated Chencun Hospital between July 23 and July 29,2025.Factor and cluster analyses were used to summarize TCM syndrome characteristics and analyze core pathogenesis in conjunction with clinical features.Results Among the 255 patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever,131 were male and 124 were female,with a age of(49.05±17.93)years and a disease duration of(3.26±1.78)days.Among the four types of examination information in TCM,35 items exhibited a frequency exceeding 10%.The most prevalent symptoms were arthralgia(180 patients,70.59%),exanthem(153 patients,60.00%),fatigue(99 patients,38.82%),anhidrosis(98 patients,38.43%),pruritus(96 patients,37.65%),and fever(92 patients,36.08%).Tongue and pulse manifestations were primarily white fur(155 patients,60.78%),pink tongue(111 patients,43.53%),slippery pulse(143 patients,56.08%),and greasy fur(134 patients,52.53%).Patients with disease onset≤3 d had a higher incidence of arthralgia,fatigue,fever,aversion to cold,generalized muscle pain,aversion to wind,insomnia,headache,sweating,low-grade fever,poor appetite,loose stool,hyperhidrosis,and red tongue than those with disease onset≥4 d(P<0.05).Patients with disease onset≥4 d had a higher incidence of pink tongue and thick fur than those with disease onset≤3 d(P<0.05).The syndrome elements in patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever predominantly manifested on the defensive exterior,with involvement of the sinew-bone joints,skin-muscle,and spleen.Pathogenic factors were primarily characterized by external winds,dampness,and heat.Factor and cluster analysis result indicated three TCM pathogenesis progression patterns:imbalance of the defensive exterior with wind-dampness conflict and heat transformation;dampness-heat flowing into muscles and meridians causing joint obstruction and qi blood stasis;and dampness-heat congelation resulting in qi mechanism obstruction,consumption of body fluids,and infiltration of the skin.Conclusion Patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever primarily present with fever,joint pain,and rashes.In TCM,this condition falls under the category of"dampness-warmth"syndrome.Its etiology is attributed to pathogens,with transmission occurring through mosquito bites.The core pathogenesis of TCM is the invasion of the defensive exterior and dampness-toxic heat accumulation.The therapeutic principles focus on clearing heat pathogens,resolving dampness pathogens,dispersing wind pathogens,and promoting the resolution of rashes.

Objective The clinical characteristics of 21 cases of nocardiosis were reviewed and antimicrobial resistance of Nocardia strains was analyzed in order to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and treatment of nocardiosis.Methods Clinical data of patients diagnosed with nocardiosis in Zhoukou Central Hospital from 2019-2023 and the corresponding results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing were retrospectively analyzed to summarize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients.Results Overall,the 21 cases of nocardiosis included 9 males and 12 females,aged 2-91 years.Underlying disease was reported in 15 patients.Most common type of nocardiosis was pulmonary nocardiosis in 15 cases,followed by skin and soft tissue infection,pleurisy,lymphadenitis,and disseminated nocardiosis.Laboratory tests showed increased levels of WBC,neutrophils percentage,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin.The 21 strains of Nocardia included 4 strains of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica,2 strains each of Nocardia brasiliensis,Nocardia abscessus,Nocardia asiatica,Nocardia otitidiscaviarum and Nocardia beijingensis,and 1 strain each of Nocardia puris,Nocardia asteroides,Nocardia farcinica,Nocardia pneumoniae,Nocardia amamiensis,and 2 strains of unclassified Nocardia.All of the Nocardia strains(100％)were susceptible to linezolid,amikacin,and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,followed by various levels of susceptibility to cefotaxime,moxifloxacin,imipenem and ceftriaxone,and lower susceptibility rate to cefepime,minocycline,ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin.Antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia strains varied with different Nocardia species.Of the 21 patients,two were referred to other hospitals,another two died,two patients received unknown treatment,and the remaining 15 patients were improved after antibiotic treatment,including sulfonamides combined with other antibiotics in 11 cases,other antibiotics in 4 cases.Conclusions Immunocompromised patients or those with underlying diseases are more susceptible to nocardiosis.The clinical features are complex and diverse.Antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia strains varied with different Nocardia species.Accurate identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test are essential for prescribing effective antibiotic treatment.

Objective:To explore the application of near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring in the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in extremely/very low birth weight infants.Methods:Extremely/very low birth weight infants suspected of having NEC who were hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from September 2019 to November 2021 were selected as the research subjects. The regional intestinal oxygen saturation (rintSO 2) and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO 2) of the children within 72 hours after the onset were monitored by near-infrared spectrometer. The mean values of rintSO 2 and rcSO 2, intestinal fractional tissue oxygen extraction (intFTOE), and splanchnic-cerebral oxygenation ratio (SCOR) during the monitoring period were calculated. According to whether NEC was diagnosed or not, the patients were divided into the non-NEC group and the NEC group. The NEC group was further divided into the common NEC group and the severe NEC group. The rintSO 2, rcSO 2, intFTOE and SCOR of each group were compared. Results:A total of 78 cases were included, including 50 cases in the non-NEC group and 28 cases in the NEC group. Among them, there were 17 cases in the common NEC group and 11 cases in the severe NEC group. The rcSO 2 in the NEC group was lower than that in the non-NEC group (65.2±6.1 vs 73.2±7.0), and the SCOR was higher than that in the non-NEC group (0.88±0.05 vs 0.81±0.07), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in rintSO 2 and intFTOE between the two groups (all P>0.05). Both rintSO 2 and rcSO 2 in the severe NEC group were lower than those in the common NEC group [(52.0±4.6 vs 61.2±5.0) and (60.3±3.8 vs 68.3±5.0)], and intFTOE was higher than that in the common NEC group (0.46±0.05 vs 0.36±0.06). The differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in SCOR between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The monitoring values of near-infrared spectroscopy are correlated with the incidence of NEC in extremely/very low birth weight infants. Lower rcSO 2 and higher SCOR are helpful for identifying NEC, while lower rintSO 2, rcSO 2 and higher intFTOE are helpful for identifying severe NEC.

ObjectiveTo establish the quality standards for Sennae Folium（Cassia angustifolia） dispensing granules based on standard decoctions. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） specific chromatograms were established for 15 batches of Sennae Folium（C. angustifolia） standard decoctions and 10 of Sennae Folium（C. angustifolia） dispensing granules from different manufacturers， and the similarity evaluation， hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA） and principal component analysis（PCA） were performed. Linear calibration with two reference substances（LCTRS） and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker（QAMS） were established for the common peaks in the specific chromatograms to determine the contents of main components in the decoction pieces， standard decoctions and dispensing granules， and to calculate their transfer rates from decoction pieces to standard decoctions and dispensing granules. ResultsThe similarities of specific chromatograms of 15 batches of Sennae Folium（C. angustifolia） standard decoctions and 10 batches of Sennae Folium（C. angustifolia） dispensing granules were all greater than 0.95， and a total of 8 characteristic peaks were calibrated， and five of them were identified， including kaempferol-3，7-O-diglucoside， apigenin-6，8-di-C-glucoside， quercetin-3-O-gentianoside， sennoside B and sennoside A. HCA and PCA results showed that there were certain differences in the composition of different batches of standard decoctions， but no clustering was observed in the production area. As the standard decoctions， the extract rate of 15 batches of samples was 26.54%-45.38%， the contents of kaempferol-3，7-O-diglucoside， apigenin-6，8-di-C-glucoside， quercetin-3-O-gentianoside， sennoside B and sennoside A were 12.16-19.26， 2.57-4.94， 3.27-5.11， 6.75-11.39， 4.69-7.79 mg·g^-1， and their transfer rates from decoction pieces to standard decoctions were 45.41%-79.02%， 29.12%-55.07%， 40.52%-67.90%， 24.72%-49.12%， 27.54%-49.34%， respectively. The extract rates of Sennae Folium（C. angustifolia） dispensing granules（C8-C10） were 38.10%-39.50%， the transfer rates of the above five components from decoction pieces to dispensing granules were 72.85%-73.58%， 53.43%-53.94%， 40.19%-40.74%， 24.62%-25.00%， 28.65%-29.11%， respectively， which were generally consistent with the transfer rates from decoction pieces to standard decoctions. ConclusionCompared with the relative retention time method， LCTRS has higher prediction accuracy and is more suitable for chromatographic columns. The established quality control standard of Sennae Folium（C. angustifolia） dispensing granules based on standard decoction is reasonable and reliable， and all indicators of samples from different manufacturers are within the range specified based on the standard decoction， which can provide reference for the quality control and process research of this dispensing granules.

ObjectiveTo establish the specific chromatogram and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker（QAMS） based on linear calibration using two reference substances（LCTRS）， explore the consistency between Hedyotis Herba dispensing granules and standard decoction， and evaluate the quality of the dispensing granules. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） specific chromatogram was established based on 15 batches of Hedyotis Herba standard decoction and 10 batches of the dispensing granules， and LCTRS was used to locate chromatographic peaks. The actual retention times of 7 characteristic peaks in the specific chromatogram was measured on 24 different types of C₁₈ columns， taking deacetyl asperulosidic acid and asperulosidic acid as the dual standard compounds， the retention times of the other 5 characteristic peaks were predicted and validated. Based on this， QAMS was developed to determine the contents of four components（deacetyl asperulosidic acid， deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester， asperulosidic acid， and p-coumaric acid）. Then， the relative correction factors of deacetyl asperulosidic acid， deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester and p-coumaric acid were calculated using the reference peak of asperulosidic acid in the dual standard compounds， and each component was quantified accordingly. Finally， the consistency between the dispensing granules and standard decoction was assessed by taking extract rate of the standard decoction， consistency of the specific chromatograms， contents and transfer rates of the indicator components as indexes， and the quality of the dispensing granules was evaluated. ResultsThere were 7 common peaks in the characteristic chromatogram of samples of Hedyotis Herba standard decoction and the dispensing granules， and four of them were identified by reference standards， namely deacetyl asperulosidic acid（peak 1）， deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester（peak 3）， asperulosidic acid（peak 6） and p-coumaric acid（peak 7）. The similarity between the dispensing granules and the standard decoction was >0.9. The absolute deviation in the predicted retention time for each component by LCTRS was lower than that of the relative retention time method. The extract rate of the 15 batches of Hedyotis Herba standard decoction ranged from 7.89% to 14.60%， the contents of deacetyl asperulosidic acid， deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester， asperulosidic acid and p-coumaric acid were 6.62-19.70， 3.83-17.99， 1.57-6.69， 1.62-4.52 mg·g^-1， and the transfer rates of these components from decoction pieces to the standard decoction were 22.89%-39.60%， 34.03%-62.24%， 24.25%-43.70%， and 40.58%-73.71%， respectively. The extract rate， index component contents and transfer rates from decoction pieces to the three batches of Hedyotis Herba dispensing granules（P1-P3）， produced by manufacturer A， were similar to those of the standard decoction prepared from the same batch of decoction pieces， and all fell within the specified range. The contents of the 4 indicator components in 7 batches of the dispensing granules（P4-P10） from manufacturers B-E were all within the range of the content converted from the standard decoction based on the quantity of the dispensing granules. ConclusionThe established specific chromatogram and QAMS based on LCTRS are reasonable and reliable. Based on the evaluation indicators of standard decoction yield， consistency of specific chromatograms， contents and transfer rates of the four index components， the 10 batches of Hedyotis Herba dispensing granules from various manufacturers have exhibited good consistency with the standard decoction， indicating that the current production process is relatively reasonable.

ObjectiveTo establish the specific chromatogram of Chuanxiong Rhizoma dispensing granules（CRdg）， and to evaluate its quality by chemometrics and two reference substances for determination of multiple components（TRSDMC）. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） specific chromatograms were established using 13 batches of CRdg from 7 manufacturers， and preliminary quality evaluation was performed by similarity evaluation and chemometrics analysis. Eight characteristic peaks in the specific chromatogram of CRdg were measured on 22 different types of C₁₈ columns， and the actual retention times were recorded. Taking chlorogenic acid（peak 1） and senkyunolide A（peak 8） as double standard compounds， the retention times of the eight characteristic peaks were predicted by linear calibration using two reference substances（LCTRS）， and the method was validated on three other columns of different brands. Taking chlorogenic acid as reference peak， the relative correction factor method（RCFM） was used to quantify cryptochlorogenic acid， caffeic acid， ferulic acid， senkyunolide I and senkyunolide A， and the results were compared with the external standard method（ESM）. ResultsThe similarities of specific chromatograms of 13 batches of CRdg were all >0.90， and a total of 8 characteristic peaks were calibrated， and six of them were identified， including chlorogenic acid（peak 1）， cryptochlorogenic acid（peak 2）， caffeic acid（peak 3）， ferulic acid（peak 5）， senkyunolide I（peak 6） and senkyunolide A（peak 8）. Through chemometric analysis， it was found that ferulic acid， chlorogenic acid， senkyunolide I and cryptochlorogenic acid were the main components causing quality difference in CRdg， and the accuracy of LCTRS in predicting the retention time of 8 characteristic peaks was superior to that of the relative retention time method（RRT）. Further comparison of the results obtained from RCFM and ESM showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods. ConclusionA quality evaluation method for CRdg based on HPLC specific chromatogram and TRSDMC is established， its qualitative accuracy is better than that of RRT， the quantitative accuracy is similar to that of ESM， and 4 quality-differentiated components among different manufacturers are found. This method is stable and reliable， and has reference value for the quality evaluation of other dispensing granules.

ObjectiveTo establish the specific chromatogram of Chuanxiong Rhizoma dispensing granules（CRdg）， and to evaluate its quality by chemometrics and two reference substances for determination of multiple components（TRSDMC）. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） specific chromatograms were established using 13 batches of CRdg from 7 manufacturers， and preliminary quality evaluation was performed by similarity evaluation and chemometrics analysis. Eight characteristic peaks in the specific chromatogram of CRdg were measured on 22 different types of C₁₈ columns， and the actual retention times were recorded. Taking chlorogenic acid（peak 1） and senkyunolide A（peak 8） as double standard compounds， the retention times of the eight characteristic peaks were predicted by linear calibration using two reference substances（LCTRS）， and the method was validated on three other columns of different brands. Taking chlorogenic acid as reference peak， the relative correction factor method（RCFM） was used to quantify cryptochlorogenic acid， caffeic acid， ferulic acid， senkyunolide I and senkyunolide A， and the results were compared with the external standard method（ESM）. ResultsThe similarities of specific chromatograms of 13 batches of CRdg were all >0.90， and a total of 8 characteristic peaks were calibrated， and six of them were identified， including chlorogenic acid（peak 1）， cryptochlorogenic acid（peak 2）， caffeic acid（peak 3）， ferulic acid（peak 5）， senkyunolide I（peak 6） and senkyunolide A（peak 8）. Through chemometric analysis， it was found that ferulic acid， chlorogenic acid， senkyunolide I and cryptochlorogenic acid were the main components causing quality difference in CRdg， and the accuracy of LCTRS in predicting the retention time of 8 characteristic peaks was superior to that of the relative retention time method（RRT）. Further comparison of the results obtained from RCFM and ESM showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods. ConclusionA quality evaluation method for CRdg based on HPLC specific chromatogram and TRSDMC is established， its qualitative accuracy is better than that of RRT， the quantitative accuracy is similar to that of ESM， and 4 quality-differentiated components among different manufacturers are found. This method is stable and reliable， and has reference value for the quality evaluation of other dispensing granules.