Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the best evidence for blood glucose monitoring and management in patients with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas(DEP),and to provide evidence-based basis for clinical practice.Methods According to the"6S"evidence model,relevant evidence on blood glucose management in patients with DEP was searched from computer decision support systems,guideline networks,professional association websites and databases from top to bottom,covering clinical decision-making,clinical practice guidelines,evidence summaries,systematic reviews,expert consensuses,and randomized controlled trials.The search scope was from the establishment of the databases to June 30,2024.Totally 2 researchers independently evaluated the quality of the included literature,and extracted data and summarized evidence that met the criteria.Results A total of 10 articles were included,including 3 guidelines,1 expert consensus,2 systematic reviews,l clinical decision,1 RCT,and 2 cohort studies.Finally,26 pieces of best evidence were formed from 5 aspects,including blood glucose management team construction and goals,blood glucose monitoring methods,glucose control medication management,lifestyle health education and treatment of hypoglycemia.Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for blood glucose monitoring and management in DEP patients,which can provide resource preparation for clinical translation and a basis for medical staff to carry out blood glucose management in DEP patients.

Objective To explore the application effect of foot massage based on the brain-gut axis theory in patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and suffering from insomnia,and to provide references for improving patients' sleep quality and gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods A total of 88 patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and suffering from insomnia,who were treated at a Blood Purification Center of a tertiary-A general hospital in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province from April to September 2024,were selected as a study subjects.They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group using the random number table method,with 44 cases in each group.The experimental group received foot massage based on the guidance of the brain-gut axis theory in addition to conventional treatment and nursing care,while the control group received conventional treatment and nursing care only.The intervention lasted for 3 months.The differences in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scores,Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale(GSRS)scores,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,and serum 5-hydroxytryptamine and melatonin levels between the 2 groups before and after the intervention were compared.Results During the study period,no cases were lost in the experimental group,while 5 cases were lost in the control group.Ultimately,44 cases were included in the experimental group and 39 cases in the control group.After the intervention,the PSQI scores,GSRS scores,and TCM syndrome scores in both groups were lower than those before the intervention,and those in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group.The serum 5-hydroxytryptamine and melatonin levels were higher than those before the intervention,and the levels in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.001).Conclusion Foot massage based on the brain-gut axis theory can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and TCM syndromes in patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and suffering from insomnia,and enhance their sleep quality.

To provide scientific guidance and standardization for perioperative clinical nursing practice in patients undergoing percutaneous renal biopsy, relevant evidence on percutaneous renal biopsy nursing care was systematically retrieved and synthesized through an evidence-based approach. After two rounds of Delphi expert consultation and expert panel discussions, expert consensus on perioperative clinical nursing standards for patients undergoing percutaneous renal biopsy (hereinafter referred to as the "Consensus") was developed. The Consensus includes three primary themes: preoperative care, intraoperative care, and postoperative care, encompassing 21 secondary themes. It is characterized by scientific rigor, practical applicability, and comprehensiveness, and serves as a valuable reference and guide for clinical nursing professionals across medical institutions.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the best evidence for blood glucose monitoring and management in patients with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas(DEP),and to provide evidence-based basis for clinical practice.Methods According to the"6S"evidence model,relevant evidence on blood glucose management in patients with DEP was searched from computer decision support systems,guideline networks,professional association websites and databases from top to bottom,covering clinical decision-making,clinical practice guidelines,evidence summaries,systematic reviews,expert consensuses,and randomized controlled trials.The search scope was from the establishment of the databases to June 30,2024.Totally 2 researchers independently evaluated the quality of the included literature,and extracted data and summarized evidence that met the criteria.Results A total of 10 articles were included,including 3 guidelines,1 expert consensus,2 systematic reviews,l clinical decision,1 RCT,and 2 cohort studies.Finally,26 pieces of best evidence were formed from 5 aspects,including blood glucose management team construction and goals,blood glucose monitoring methods,glucose control medication management,lifestyle health education and treatment of hypoglycemia.Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for blood glucose monitoring and management in DEP patients,which can provide resource preparation for clinical translation and a basis for medical staff to carry out blood glucose management in DEP patients.

Objective To explore the application effect of foot massage based on the brain-gut axis theory in patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and suffering from insomnia,and to provide references for improving patients' sleep quality and gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods A total of 88 patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and suffering from insomnia,who were treated at a Blood Purification Center of a tertiary-A general hospital in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province from April to September 2024,were selected as a study subjects.They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group using the random number table method,with 44 cases in each group.The experimental group received foot massage based on the guidance of the brain-gut axis theory in addition to conventional treatment and nursing care,while the control group received conventional treatment and nursing care only.The intervention lasted for 3 months.The differences in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scores,Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale(GSRS)scores,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,and serum 5-hydroxytryptamine and melatonin levels between the 2 groups before and after the intervention were compared.Results During the study period,no cases were lost in the experimental group,while 5 cases were lost in the control group.Ultimately,44 cases were included in the experimental group and 39 cases in the control group.After the intervention,the PSQI scores,GSRS scores,and TCM syndrome scores in both groups were lower than those before the intervention,and those in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group.The serum 5-hydroxytryptamine and melatonin levels were higher than those before the intervention,and the levels in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.001).Conclusion Foot massage based on the brain-gut axis theory can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and TCM syndromes in patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and suffering from insomnia,and enhance their sleep quality.

Objective This scoping review systematically examines current evidence on prehabilitation interventions for patients undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)surgery.The study aims to establish an evidence-based foundation for optimizing perioperative care in clinical nursing practice and inform the development of standardized prehabilitation protocols for future research.Methods According to the research method of scope review,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,China Biomedical Literature Database,China Knowledge Network,Wanfang Database,and VIP Database were searched.The included literature was screened,summarized and analyzed.The literature search covered the period from the establishment of the database up to 30 November 2024.Totally 2 professionally trained researchers independently screened,extracted,and analyzed the included studies in accordance with the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results A total of 16 papers were included,including 11 randomized controlled studies(RCTs),4 retrospective studies and 1 class-experimental study.Prehabilitation is systematically implemented through 3 core modalities(nutritional optimization,structured exercise training,and psychological interventions)to enhance patients' physiological and psychological readiness for surgery,thereby improving operative outcomes and facilitating postoperative recovery.Conclusion Adopting a series of prehabilitation measures for patients with HCC undergoing elective surgery can improve the physical and psychological status of patients with HCC,enhance postoperative quality of life,and thus optimize clinical outcomes.Future studies should focus on exploring the optimal combination of prehabilitation strategies,formulating precise programmes based on individualized differences,strengthening patient compliance monitoring,and realizing efficient management with the help of digital technology.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

To provide scientific guidance and standardization for perioperative clinical nursing practice in patients undergoing percutaneous renal biopsy, relevant evidence on percutaneous renal biopsy nursing care was systematically retrieved and synthesized through an evidence-based approach. After two rounds of Delphi expert consultation and expert panel discussions, expert consensus on perioperative clinical nursing standards for patients undergoing percutaneous renal biopsy (hereinafter referred to as the "Consensus") was developed. The Consensus includes three primary themes: preoperative care, intraoperative care, and postoperative care, encompassing 21 secondary themes. It is characterized by scientific rigor, practical applicability, and comprehensiveness, and serves as a valuable reference and guide for clinical nursing professionals across medical institutions.

Objective This scoping review systematically examines current evidence on prehabilitation interventions for patients undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)surgery.The study aims to establish an evidence-based foundation for optimizing perioperative care in clinical nursing practice and inform the development of standardized prehabilitation protocols for future research.Methods According to the research method of scope review,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,China Biomedical Literature Database,China Knowledge Network,Wanfang Database,and VIP Database were searched.The included literature was screened,summarized and analyzed.The literature search covered the period from the establishment of the database up to 30 November 2024.Totally 2 professionally trained researchers independently screened,extracted,and analyzed the included studies in accordance with the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results A total of 16 papers were included,including 11 randomized controlled studies(RCTs),4 retrospective studies and 1 class-experimental study.Prehabilitation is systematically implemented through 3 core modalities(nutritional optimization,structured exercise training,and psychological interventions)to enhance patients' physiological and psychological readiness for surgery,thereby improving operative outcomes and facilitating postoperative recovery.Conclusion Adopting a series of prehabilitation measures for patients with HCC undergoing elective surgery can improve the physical and psychological status of patients with HCC,enhance postoperative quality of life,and thus optimize clinical outcomes.Future studies should focus on exploring the optimal combination of prehabilitation strategies,formulating precise programmes based on individualized differences,strengthening patient compliance monitoring,and realizing efficient management with the help of digital technology.