ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） and the association with quality of life in middle-aged and elderly patients with HIV/AIDS. MethodsThis cross-sectional study surveyed 432 patients with HIV/AIDS （aged≥45 years） in the Infectious Disease Center in Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University， and 366 participants were included in the analysis after quality control. A questionnaire and the EuroQol 5-Dimensional 3-level version （EQ-5D-3L） were used to investigate NCDs and quality of life and Tobit regression model was used to estimate the association between chronic diseases and quality of life. ResultsAmong the 366 participants， 29（7.9%） had cardiovascular disease， 45（12.3%） had hypertension， 122（33.3%） had hyperglycemia， 151（41.3%）had hyperlipidemia，7（1.9%） had cancer， 17 （4.6%） had chronic kidney disease， 38 （10.4%） had chronic liver disease， 21（5.7%） had musculoskeletal disorders， and 253（69.1%） suffered from at least one type of chronic diseases. The median （lower and upper quartiles） of EQ-5D utility index was 1.000（0.964~1.000）. Multivariate Tobit regression results of the total population showed that cancer ［b_a=-0.08，95%CI （-0.15，-0.01），P=0.036］， chronic kidney disease ［b_a=-0.07， 95%CI （-0.12，-0.02），P=0.006］， musculoskeletal disease ［b_a=-0.09， 95%CI （-0.13， -0.05），P<0.001］， and ≥3 types of chronic diseases［b_a=-0.05， 95%CI（-0.08，-0.01），P=0.013］ were negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index. The stratified analysis results of different CD4+T cell levels showed that hypertension ［b_a=-0.07， 95%CI （-0.12， -0.02）， P=0.007］， chronic kidney disease ［b_a=-0.10，95%CI （-0.18，-0.03）， P=0.006］， musculoskeletal disease ［b_a=-0.15， 95%CI （-0.22，-0.07）， P<0.001］ and ≥3 types of chronic diseases ［b_a=-0.09， 95%CI （-0.09， -0.01）， P<0.001］ were negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index in the group with CD4≤500 （cells/μL）， whereas cancer［b_a=-0.11， 95%CI （-0.20，-0.01）， P=0.031］ was negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index in the group with CD4＞500（cells/μL）. ConclusionsThe prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases in middle-aged and elderly patients with HIV/AIDS is relatively high. The classification of NCDs such as cancer or chronic kidney disease or other chronic diseases and the numbers of NCDs categories are negatively correlated with quality of life. However，this association varies among patients with HIV/AIDS of different CD4+T cell levels. It is suggested that we should try to prevent and identify NCDs at an early stage， strengthen linkages and integration of health services for AIDS and chronic NCDs， and jointly manage and control AIDS with chronic diseases to improve the quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are common organic compounds in indoor and outdoor air, and enter the human body primarily through the respiratory tract and directly damage the respiratory system. Previous studies have suggested that exposure to VOCs/SVOCs may associate with the prevalence, incidence, and progression of asthma, but the extent of the associations is still vague. Furthermore, biomarkers for efficient and simple asthma diagnosis, typing, and attack prediction remain unclear at this stage. From the perspective of the collection and detection methods of VOCs/SVOCs, this paper summarized the epidemiological associations and underlying biological mechanisms between VOCs/SVOCs exposure and the prevalence, incidence, and progression of asthma in children/adults. It also demonstrated the application of VOCs/SVOCs in recent years in assisting asthma diagnosis, such as distinguishing asthma patients from the healthy population, differentiating different asthma phenotypes, and predicting asthma acute exacerbations, aiming to provide a scientific basis for improving current asthma management.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

Objective:To systematically review and integrate the caring experience of caregivers of lung transplant patients.Methods:Qualitative studies on the caregiving experience of caregivers of lung transplant patients were searched by computer from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang data, and the search period was from establishment of the databases to April 30, 2023. The qualitative research quality evaluation criteria (2016 edition) of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence Based Health Care Center in Australia were used to evaluate the quality of the included literature, and the Meta-synthesis was used to integrate the literature results.Results:A total of ten articles were included, and 33 clear research results were extracted, which were summarized into eight new categories, and finally summarized into four integrated results, such as heavy burden experience, strong demand, positive experience and satisfaction with the medical service system.Conclusions:Medical workers should attach importance to and pay attention to the burden and needs of caregivers of lung transplant patients, provide professional and emotional support to caregivers, improve their caring ability and quality, and ultimately improve the quality of life of lung transplant patients.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of septic acute kidney injury (sAKI) in patients with sepsis, construct a predictive model for sAKI, verify the predictive value of the model, and develop a dynamic nomogram to help clinical doctors identify patients with high-risk sAKI earlier and more easily.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 245 patients with sepsis admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from May 2013 to November 2023 were enrolled as the research subjects. The patients were divided into sAKI group and non-sAKI group based on whether they suffered from sAKI during ICU hospitalization. The differences of the demographic, clinical and laboratory indicators of patients between the two groups were compared. Logistic ordinal regression analysis was performed to analyze the imbalanced variables between the two groups, and to construct a sAKI predictive model. The predictive value of the sAKI predictive model was evaluated through 5-fold cross validation, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA), and to develop an online dynamic nomogram for the predictive model.Results:A total of 245 patients were enrolled in the final analysis. 110 (44.9%) patients developed sAKI during ICU hospitalization and 135 (55.1%) patients did not develop sAKI. Compared with the non-sAKI group, the patients in the sAKI group had higher ratios of female, hypertension, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), renal replacement therapy (RRT), vasopressin usage, and neutrophil count (NEU), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), uric acid (UA), Na +, K +, procalcitonin (PCT), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score. Multivariate Logistic ordinal regression analysis showed that female [odd ratio ( OR) = 2.208, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 1.073-4.323, P = 0.020], hypertension ( OR = 2.422, 95% CI was 1.255-5.073, P = 0.012), vasopressin usage ( OR = 2.888, 95% CI was 1.380-6.679, P = 0.002), and SCr ( OR = 1.015, 95% CI was 1.009-1.024, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for sAKI in septic patients, and a sAKI predictive model was constructed: ln[ P/(1+ P)] = -4.665+0.792×female+0.885×hypertension+1.060×vasopressin usage+0.015×SCr. The 5-fold cross validation showed that the average area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.860, indicating the sAKI predictive model had a good performance. The calibration curve analysis showed that the calibration degree of the sAKI predictive model was good. DCA showed that the net profit of the sAKI predictive model was relatively high. A static nomogram and an online dynamic nomogram were constructed for the sAKI predictive model. Compared with the static nomogram, the dynamic nomogram allowed for manual selection of corresponding patient characteristics and viewing the corresponding sAKI risk directly. Conclusions:Female, hypertension, vasopressin usage, and SCr are the main risk factors for sAKI in patients with sepsis. The sAKI predictive model constructed based on these factors can help clinical doctors identifying high-risk patients as early as possible, and intervene in a timely manner to provide preventive effects. Compared with the common static nomogram, online dynamic nomogram can make predictive models clearer, more intuitive, and easier.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the novel prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET imaging agent 18F-AlF-P16-093 in combination with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for prostate cancer (PCa), and to explore its application in guiding transperineal puncture biopsy. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and pathological data of 36 patients diagnosed as PCa (age: 68-76 years) who underwent 18F-AlF-P16-093 PET/CT and mpMRI examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from August 2023 to March 2024. The entire prostate was divided into 12 regions based on biopsy localization. Imaging evaluations were performed using PET/CT and mpMRI at the lesion level, with biopsy pathology as the gold standard. The correlations between mpMRI scores, PET/CT scores and pathological diagnosis results were evaluated by Phi coefficient analysis. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed by ROC curve analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine the impact of bleeding on image interpretation. Results:18F-AlF-P16-093 PET/CT showed a moderate positive correlation with pathological diagnosis result ( Phi=0.415, P<0.001), which was superior to mpMRI ( Phi=0.338, P<0.001). The diagnostic efficacy of PET single-modality model was superior to mpMRI in all indicators. The combination of 18F-AlF-P16-093 PET/CT with mpMRI significantly improved diagnostic specificity and positive predictive value, with the diagnostic specificity of the PET+ T 2 weighted imaging (WI)+ diffusion WI (DWI) and PET+ T 2WI+ DWI+ apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) combinations exceeding 90%, and the positive predictive value exceeding 80%. Bleeding did not significantly affect the diagnosis of PCa by mpMRI and PET/CT (odds ratio ( OR): 0.463-0.785, all P>0.05). Conclusion:18F-AlF-P16-093 PET/CT is superior to mpMRI in the detection and diagnostic efficacy of PCa lesions, and the combination of 18F-AlF-P16-093 PET with mpMRI can further improve diagnostic specificity and positive predictive value, which is of guiding significance for targeted prostate biopsy.

Objective:To observe the rehabilitation effect of balance training relying on tilted table on diaphragmatic function of patients with prolonged disorder of consciousness (pDoC).Methods:A prospective study was performed. Thirty patients with pDoC were enrolled from Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Medicine and Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA from May to December 2023. The pateints were divided into study group ( n=15) and control group ( n=15) according to different rehabilitation. Patients from the control group received conventional rehabilitation, while those in the study group received passive balance training relying on tilted table in addition to conventional rehabilitation. Diaphragmatic ultrasound examination was performed before treatment, and 4 and 8 weeks after treatment to measure diaphragm excursion (DE), diaphragm thickening inspiration (DTei), diaphragm thickening expiration (DTee) and diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF) so as to assess the diaphragmatic functions of patients with pDoC. Results:During treatment, 2 patients dropped out from the study group resulting from the willing of the family members, ultimately including 13 and 15 patients in the study and control groups, respectively. (1) Between-group comparison: no significant difference in DE, DTei, DTee or DTF was noted between the study group and control group 4 weeks after treatment ( P>0.05). However, 8 weeks after treatment, the study group had statistically increased DE, DTei and DTF compared with the control group ([1.65±0.32] cm vs. [1.21±0.22] cm; [2.07±0.26] cm vs. [1.83±0.26] cm; and [24.39±3.19]% vs. [18.93±2.50]%). (2) Within-group comparison: both group had significantly increased DE 4 and 8 weeks after treatment compared with those before treatment ( P<0.05); in the study group, DE 8 weeks after treatment was significantly increased compared with that 4 weeks after treatment ( P<0.05). No significant difference in DTei, DTee or DTF was noted in both groups between 4 weeks after treatment and before treatment ( P>0.05). In the study group, DTei, DTee and DTF 8 weeks after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Balance training relying on tilted table is feasible and effective in improving diaphragmatic function in patients with pDoC, and the effect is positively correlated with treatment time within a certain time.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in Bozidun Kirghiz township of Xinjiang Aksu region, and to explore the risk factors for the occurrence of HUA in the local area.Methods:A cross-sectional survey study was conducted by randomly selecting 9 villages in Bozidun Kirgiz Township by the whole-group sampling method and questionnaire were distributed to the households. The questionnaire included: demographic information, history of past illness, personal history, and all subjects were measured for height, weight, blood pressure, abdominal circumference, etc. The diagnostic of HUA if the serum uric acid (SUA) level >420 μmol/L in men or >360 μmol/L in women. The incidences of HUA in different age, sex, food type and life style behavior were analyzed. T test, non-parametric test and Chi-square test were used to analyze the differences among the groups, and logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors. Results:①A total of 2 138 subjects were surveyed, among which 68 patients were with HUA, the prevalence of HUA in Bozidun Kirghiz township, Aksu region in the general population was 3.18%(68/2 138); the prevalence rate in men was 4.60%(45/978), 45 patients were identified; and the prevalence rate in women was 1.98%(23/1 160), 23 patients were identified. The peak age of HUA in male and female patients was 51~60 years old. ②The prevalence of HUA was lower in those who consumed dairy products ( χ2=6.91, P=0.017), nuts ( χ2=8.43, P=0.038) and eggs ( χ2=7.38, P=0.023), and lower in those who consumed more. Different intake of cereals ( χ2=0.87, P=0.647), meat( χ2=0.82, P=0.662), vegetables and fruits( χ2=5.22, P=0.073) had no effect on the prevalence of HUA.③In terms of different life behaviors, the prevalence of HUA in men who had been smoking was higher than those who had never smoked (57.78%, 28.89%, 13.33%, χ2=8.16, P=0.017). In the relationship between drinking and HUA, the prevalence rates of male always drinking, ever drinking and never drinking were 80.00%, 11.11% and 3.89%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6.67, P=0.038). ④Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI, old age, high TG, increased Cr and increased WBC were risk factors for the occurrence of HUA [ OR(95% CI)=1.13(1.04, 1.23), 1.03(1.00,1.05),1.39(1.00, 1.93), 1.03(1.02, 1.05), 1.27(1.07, 1.49), all P<0.05]. Conclusion:The prevalence of HUA in Bozidun Kirgiz township in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang is lower than that in other areas with continental climate. High BMI, old age, high TG, increased Cr and increased WBC count are risk factors for the development of HUA .

BackgroundIn China， the structure shift from just one-child family to both one-child and more-than-one-child families is happening. Exploring how the sibling relationships effect between adolescent personality impulsivity and aggressivity is of great significance for promoting adolescent mental health as well as maintaining social harmony and stability. ObjectiveTo investigate the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity in adolescents， so as to provide references for the prevention of violent and aggressive behavior in adolescents. MethodsFrom February to April， 2023， a total of 1 200 students with sibling relationships from 12 primary and secondary schools in a county of Sichuan province were included by random sampling. Barratt Impulsivity Scale （BIS-11）， Chinese Version of Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire （AQ-CV）， and Sibling Relationship Questionnaire （SRQ） were used for cross-sectional investigation. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of these scales. Bootstrap method was used to test the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity. ResultsThe total score of BIS-11 was positively correlated with that of AQ-CV as well as the scores of conflict and competition dimensions in SRQ （r=0.485、0.276、0.280，P<0.01）， while negatively correlated with the score of warmth/intimacy dimension in SRQ （r=-0.383， P<0.01）. The total score of AQ-CV was positively correlated with the scores of conflict and competition dimensions in SRQ （r=0.387， 0.340， P<0.01）， while negatively correlated with the score of warmth/intimacy dimension in SRQ （r=-0.304， P<0.01）. Within SRQ， negative correlations could be observed between the score of warmth/intimacy and scores of conflict and competition （r=-0.307， -0.375， P<0.01）， whereas positive correlation could be observed between the score of conflict and that of competition （r=0.267， P<0.01）. The total effect of personality impulsivity level on aggressivity level in adolescent was 0.480 （P<0.01）. Sibling relationships played a mediating role between personality impulsivity and aggressivity in adolescents. Meanwhile， the indirect effect values of warmth/intimacy， conflict and competition were 0.054， 0.075 and 0.062， with the effect values accounting for 11.21%， 15.70% and 12.93%， respectively. ConclusionThe personality impulsivity of adolescents can directly affect their aggressivity， and sibling relationships may act as an important channel connecting personality impulsivity and aggressivity. ［Funded by 2023 Project of the Psychology and Behavioral Science Research Center of the Deyang Federation of Social Sciences （number， XLYXW2023305）］