Hepatic fibrosis is a complex dynamic process caused by multiple chronic pathogenic factors， characterized by excessive accumulation of liver extracellular matrix and abnormal liver structure and function. If anti-fibrotic treatment is not performed in time， it can progress to liver cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Hepatic fibrosis has a complex pathogenesis， and previous studies mainly focused on the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Recent studies have shown that myeloid cells have the potential of multi-directional differentiation and can also participate in the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis. This article systematically reviews the role and regulatory mechanism of myeloid cells in hepatic fibrosis， in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy.

OBJECTIVE To introduce the development of an intelligent prescription review decision-support system for anti-tumor drugs and assess its clinical application outcomes. METHODS Relevant data sources， including national and local pharmaceutical administration policies， clinical practice guidelines/consensus， hospital information systems data， and genetic testing results， were integrated. Adhering to the principles of structure， standardization and dynamic updating， a knowledge base covering chemotherapeutic， targeted and immunotherapeutic agents was constructed using a dual-dimensional modeling approach that combined “drug attributes” and “clinical contexts”. This knowledge base was then embedded into the hospital’s electronic medical order system to establish the prescription review decision-support system. The application and performance of the system were evaluated at Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. RESULTS A knowledge base containing 18 318 prescription review rules for anti-tumor drugs was constructed， and a closed-loop prescription review system was successfully established， encompassing pre-prescription real-time intervention， in-process interactive review， and post-prescription evaluation and analysis. From 2021 to 2024， the system generated a total of 57 879 alerts for prescriptions of five typical categories of anti-tumor drugs. For platinum-containing prescriptions， 22 577 alerts were generated， with Cisplatin for injection （lyophilized） being the most frequently alerted drug （13 445 alerts）， and “ototoxicity risk due to combined use” alerts remained high （7 682 alerts）. For methotrexate-containing prescriptions， 3 721 alerts were recorded， primarily related to “precaution-related issues” （76.4%， 2 843/3 721）. For doxorubicin-containing prescriptions， 17 301 alerts were triggered， primarily related to “dosage and administration” （14 315 alerts）. For human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-targeted agents-containing prescriptions， 1 007 alerts were issued， mostly related to “reimbursement restrictions” （956 alerts）. For programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors-containing prescriptions， the alerts increased year by year， totaling 13 273 alerts， primarily related to “inappropriate indication” （9 118 alerts）. Over the 4 years， the physician response rates to system alerts were 21.4%， 27.1%， 33.5% and 51.6%， respectively. CONCLUSIONS An intelligent decision-support system for anti-tumor drug prescription review， encompassing a closed-loop process of “real-time pre-event intervention， interactive in-event prescription review， post-event evaluation and analysis”， has been successfully constructed and implemented throughout the entire workflow. There is a discernible trend in this hospital， where the focus on monitoring anti-tumor drugs is shifting towards immunotherapy drugs. Additionally， the acceptance rate of physicians regarding prescription review opinions has been steadily increasing year by year.

OBJECTIVE To establish a quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid based on multi-wavelength switching high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination. METHODS A total of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were used as test samples. The Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ Version 2012 ） was adopted to establish multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprints， followed by chromatographic peak identification and similarity evaluation. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were applied to conduct chemical pattern recognition on the 15 batches of samples. The multi-wavelength switching HPLC method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianoli c acid B and wogonoside in samples. RESULTS A total of 25 common peaks were calibrated in the fingerprints of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid， among which 7 common peaks were unambiguously identified. The similarity of all samples was higher than 0.960. Chemical pattern recognition results showed that samples S1-S8 were clustered into group 1， and samples S9-S15 were clustered into group 2. Baicalin， wogonoside， neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid and salvianolic acid B were identified as the differential quality markers. The average contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianolic acid B and wogonoside in 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were 0.213 7， 0.085 3， 0.104 9， 0.287 3， 0.420 1， 0.062 1， 0.176 0 mg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid combining multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination is stable and reliable， which can provide a reference for the formulation of quality standards of this preparation.

OBJECTIVE To establish a quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid based on multi-wavelength switching high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination. METHODS A total of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were used as test samples. The Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ Version 2012 ） was adopted to establish multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprints， followed by chromatographic peak identification and similarity evaluation. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were applied to conduct chemical pattern recognition on the 15 batches of samples. The multi-wavelength switching HPLC method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianoli c acid B and wogonoside in samples. RESULTS A total of 25 common peaks were calibrated in the fingerprints of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid， among which 7 common peaks were unambiguously identified. The similarity of all samples was higher than 0.960. Chemical pattern recognition results showed that samples S1-S8 were clustered into group 1， and samples S9-S15 were clustered into group 2. Baicalin， wogonoside， neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid and salvianolic acid B were identified as the differential quality markers. The average contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianolic acid B and wogonoside in 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were 0.213 7， 0.085 3， 0.104 9， 0.287 3， 0.420 1， 0.062 1， 0.176 0 mg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid combining multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination is stable and reliable， which can provide a reference for the formulation of quality standards of this preparation.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in elderly patients at a hospital in Hengshui and its correlation with climatic and environmental factors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 826 elderly patients with RSV infection who were hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department of Hengshui People's Hospital from June 2022 to May 2024. Clinical data of the patients were collected. Based on the climatic and environmental data of the Hengshui region during the same period, the epidemiological characteristics of RSV in the elderly population were analyzed. Pearson analysis was used to examine the correlation between RSV incidence and climatic and environmental factors. Results Among the 826 elderly RSV infected patients, males (54.24%) had a higher incidence than females (45.76%). The age of onset was highest in elderly people aged ≥ 80 (39.47%), followed by the age group of 70-79 (32.08%). Cough (89.95%) and sputum (71.19%) were the main clinical symptoms of elderly RSV infected patients. 28.57% of the elderly patients with RSV infection had basic diseases, of which the patients with diabetes accounted for the highest proportion (12.35%), followed by cardiovascular diseases (10.41%). The proportion of patients with mixed infections reached 4.60%, and the proportion of patients with other systemic complications reached 1.69%. From the perspective of the season of onset, the number of elderly RSV cases was highest in spring and winter, accounting for 39.47% and 47.09%, respectively. The correlation analysis results showed that the number of elderly RSV cases was negatively correlated with average wind speed (r=-0.196), average temperature (r=-0.731), and average humidity (r=-0.729), and weakly positively correlated with average atmospheric pressure (r=0.085) (all P<0.05). Conclusion In the elderly population, RSV infection is more prevalent among males and the very old, with a higher incidence during the winter and spring seasons, and is closely related to climate changes in the Hengshui region.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2025.02.029.].

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics, treatment methods, and prognosis of refractory pharyngeal ulcers. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical manifestations, laryngoscopic features, laboratory tests, histopathological examinations, and treatments of 78 patients diagnosed with refractory pharyngeal ulcers. Results:There was no significant difference in the proportion of males-to-females in benign lesions, while males were significantly more prevalent in cases of malignant lesions. Seven distinct pathological types of pharyngeal ulcers were identified, with the most common being simple inflammatory ulcers（18 cases）, followed by tuberculosis（16 cases）, fungi（15 cases）, lymphoma（14 cases）, squamous cell carcinoma（10 cases）, Behcet's disease（3 cases）, and myelosarcoma（2 cases）. Conclusion:The clinical manifestations and lesions associated with refractory pharyngeal ulcers are diverse. A clear diagnosis should be established based on a systematic and comprehensive medical history, specialized examinations, and additional tests to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Laryngoscopy and histopathological examinations are essential for identifying the type of lesion and guiding appropriate treatment.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Aged ; Pharyngeal Diseases/pathology* ; Young Adult ; Ulcer/pathology* ; Adolescent ; Aged, 80 and over

Although enteric glial cell (EGC) abnormal activation is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and inhibition of EGC gliosis alleviated gut and dopaminergic neuronal dysfunction was verified in our previous study, the potential role of gut microbiota on EGC function in PD still need to be addressed. In the present study, fecal microbiota transplantation revealed that EGC function was regulated by gut microbiota. By employing 16S rRNA and metabolomic analysis, we identified that 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA) was the most affected differential microbial metabolite that regulated EGC gliosis. The protective effects of IPA on PD were validated in rotenone-stimulated EGCs and rotenone (30 mg/kg i.g. for 4 weeks)-induced PD mice, as indicated by decreased inflammation, improved intestinal and brain barrier as well as dopaminergic neuronal function. Mechanistic study showed that IPA targeted pregnane X receptor (PXR) in EGCs, and inhibition of IL-13Rα1 involved cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, leading to inactivation of downstream JAK1-STAT6 pathway. Our data not only provided evidence that EGC gliosis was critical in spreading intestinal damage to brain, but also highlighted the potential role of microbial metabolite IPA in alleviating PD pathological damages through gut-brain axis.

ObjectiveTo develop a nomogram-based risk prediction model for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) incidence among the community-dwelling population aged 40 years old and above, so as to provide targeted references for the screening and prevention of COPD. MethodsBased on a natural population cohort in suburban Shanghai, a total of 3 381 randomly selected participants aged ≥40 years underwent pulmonary function tests between July and October 2021. Cox stepwise regression analysis was used to develop overall and gender-specific risk prediction models, along with the construction of corresponding risk nomograms. Model predictive performance was evaluated using the C-indice, area under the curve (AUC) values, and Brier score. Stability was assessed through 10-fold cross-validation and sensitivity analysis. ResultsA total of 3 019 participants were included, with a median follow-up duration of 4.6 years. The COPD incidence density was 17.22 per 1 000 person-years, significantly higher in males (32.04/1 000 person-years) than that in females (7.38/1 000 person-years) (P<0.001). The overall risk prediction model included the variables such as gender, age, education level, BMI, smoking, passive smoking, and respiratory comorbidities. The male-specific model incorporated the variables such as age, BMI, respiratory comorbidities, and smoking, while the female-specific model included age, marital status, respiratory comorbidities, and pulmonary tuberculosis history. The C-indices for the overall, male-specific, and female-specific models were 0.829, 0.749, and 0.807, respectively. The 5-year AUC values were 0.785, 0.658, and 0.811, with Brier scores of 0.103, 0.176, and 0.059, respectively. Both 10-fold cross-validated C-indices and sensitivity analysis (excluding participants with a follow-up duration of <6 months) yielded C-indices were above 0.740. ConclusionThis study developed concise and practical overall and gender-specific COPD risk prediction models and corresponding nomograms. The models demonstrated robust performance in predicting COPD incidence, providing a valuable reference for identifying high-risk populations and formulating targeted screening and personalized management strategies.

Objective : To construct a human keratinocyte-forming cell line(HaCaT) with stable knockout of the G protein-coupled receptor 107(GPR107) gene, and to preliminarily investigate the effect of GPR107 deletion on the biological behaviour of HaCaT cells. Methods : Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, HaCaT cells with knockout ofGPR107gene were constructed and monoclonal cells with GPR107 deletion were obtained by limited dilution method. Genomic DNA was amplified using Western blot and PCR and sequenced to validate the single-cell clones with knockdown of GPR107. The cell cycle changes were detected by flow cytometry; cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8; apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry; changes in cell differentiation markers were detected by Western blot; cell migration ability was analyzed by cell scratch assay and other methods. Results : LentiCas9-Blast and plenti-guide-RNA-GPR107 plasmids were successfully transfected into HaCaT cells, 21 monoclonal cell lines were obtained by limited dilution, and Western blot showed that the GPR107 expression was significantly reduced in 8 of them; PCR sequencing of the cellular genome was used, which resulted in the obtainment of C4 and 2D8GPR107-/-HaCaT monoclonal cell lines. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry assay showed thatGPR107gene deletion resulted in G0G1phase block, significantly weakened proliferation ability and increased apoptosis level of HaCaT cells. Western blot found that the differentiation of HaCaT cells accelerated after knockdown ofGPR107. Additionally the results of the cell scratch assay indicated that the migration ability of HaCaT cells was enhanced after knockdown ofGPR107. The results showed that the migration ability of HaCaT cells was enhanced after knockdown ofGPR107. Conclusion HaCaT cell line withGPR107gene deletion is successfully constructed, GPR107 deletion blocks the G0G1phase of HaCaT cells, which inhibiting the proliferation of HaCaT cells and promoted apoptosis, and it was found that the differentiation and migration of HaCaT cells were enhanced after knocking downGPR107.