OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of CD19/CD73 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and its correlation with clinical features. METHODS: The clinical data of 60 CLL patients and 40 healthy volunteers (control group) from January 2022 to November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The levels of CD19 and CD73 in peripheral blood of CLL patients were measured by flow cytometry. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. RESULTS: The hemoglobin (Hb) and CD19/CD73 levels in CLL group were significantly lower than those in control group, while CD19, CD73 and β₂-MG were significantly higher (all P <0.001). According to ROC curve analysis, the AUC value of CD19/CD73 for CLL diagnosis was 0.980 (95%CI : 0.949-1.000, P <0.05), the specificity was 92.50%, and the sensitivity was 98.30%. The CD19/CD73 level of CLL patients with splenomegaly was significantly lower than those without splenomegaly (P <0.01). There was no significant correlation between CD19/CD73 and Hb in CLL patients ( r =0.056, P >0.05). CD19/CD73 was positively correlated with β₂-MG ( r =0.837, 95%CI : 0.740 2-0.899 6, P <0.01). According to the median value (12.84) of CD19/CD73, the patients were divided into high and low expression groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate at 18^th month in the low expression group were 87.08% and 93.25%, while those in the high expression group were 96.41% and 99.90%, respectively (both P <0.05). CONCLUSION The level of CD19/CD73 is low in CLL patients, which can be used as an auxiliary index for clinical diagnosis of CLL. CD19/CD73 is closely related to splenomegaly in CLL patients. Low expression of CD19/CD73 predicts poor prognosis.
Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism* ; 5'-Nucleotidase/metabolism* ; Antigens, CD19/metabolism* ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Prognosis ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; GPI-Linked Proteins

Although clinical evidence suggests that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an established major risk factor for heart failure, it remains unexplored whether sleep disorder-caused hepatic damage contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, our findings revealed that sleep fragmentation (SF) displayed notable hepatic detrimental phenotypes, including steatosis and oxidative damage, along with significant abnormalities in cardiac structure and function. All these pathological changes persisted even after sleep recovery for 2 consecutive weeks or more, displaying memory properties. Mechanistically, persistent higher expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the liver was the key initiator of SF-accelerated damage phenotypes. SF epigenetically controlled the acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac) enrichment at the Nox4 promoter and markedly increased Nox4 expression in liver even after sleep recovery. Moreover, fine coordination of the circadian clock and hepatic damage was strictly controlled by BMAL1-dependent Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) transcription after circadian misalignment. Accordingly, genetic manipulation of liver-specific Nox4 or Sirt1, along with pharmacological intervention targeting NOX4 (GLX351322) or SIRT1 (Resveratrol), could effectively erase the epigenetic modification of Nox4 by reducing the H3K27ac level and ameliorate the progression of liver pathology, thereby counteracting SF-evoked sustained CVD. Collectively, our findings may pave the way for strategies to mitigate myocardial injury from persistent hepatic detrimental memory in diabetic patients.

Objective To investigate the infection status and changing trend of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection in hospitalized patients in medical institutions,and provide reference for formulating HCV infection prevention and control strategies.Methods HCV infection surveillance results from cross-sectional survey data reported to China Healthcare-associated Infection(HAI)Surveillance System in 2020 were summarized and analyzed,HCV positive was serum anti-HCV positive or HCV RNA positive,survey result was compared with the survey results from 2003.Results In 2020,1 071 368 inpatients in 1 573 hospitals were surveyed,738 535 of whom underwent HCV test,4 014 patients were infected with HCV,with a detection rate of 68.93％and a HCV positive rate of 0.54％.The positive rate of HCV in male and female patients were 0.60％and 0.48％,respectively,with a statistically sig-nificant difference(x2=47.18,P＜0.001).The HCV positive rate in the 50-＜60 age group was the highest(0.76％),followed by the 40-＜50 age group(0.71％).Difference among all age groups was statistically signifi-cant(x2=696.74,P＜0.001).In 2003,91 113 inpatients were surveyed.35 145 of whom underwent HCV test,resulting in a detection rate of 38.57％;775 patients were infected with HCV,with a positive rate of 2.21％.In 2020,HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales were 0.46％-0.63％,with the highest in hospital with bed numbers ranging 600-899.Patients'HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales was statistically signifi-cant(X2=35.34,P＜0.001).In 2020,12 provinces/municipalities had over 10 000 patients underwent HCV-rela-ted test,and HCV positive rates ranged 0.19％-0.81％,with the highest rate from Hainan Province.HCV posi-tive rates in different departments were 0.06％-0.82％,with the lowest positive rate in the department of pedia-trics and the highest in the department of internal medicine.In 2003 and 2020,HCV positive rates in the depart-ment of infectious diseases were the highest,being 7.95％and 3.48％,respectively.Followed by departments of orthopedics(7.72％),gastroenterology(3.77％),nephrology(3.57％)and general intensive care unit(ICU,3.10％)in 2003,as well as departments of gastroenterology(1.35％),nephrology(1.18％),endocrinology(0.91％),and general intensive care unit(ICU,0.79％)in 2020.Conclusion Compared with 2003,HCV positive rate decreased significantly in 2020.HCV infected patients were mainly from the department of infectious diseases,followed by departments of gastroenterology,nephrology and general ICU.HCV infection positive rate varies with gender,age,and region.

This study aims to investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B), the active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza, on H9C2 cardiomyocytes injured by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) through regulating mitochondrial fission and fusion. The process of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was simulated by establishing OGD/R model. The cell proliferation and cytotoxicity detection kit (cell counting kit-8, CCK-8) was used to detect cell viability; the kit method was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), total glutathione (t-GSH), nitric oxide (NO) content, protein expression levels of mitochondrial fission and fusion, apoptosis-related detection by Western blot. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) detection kit and Hoechst 33342 fluorescence was used to observe the opening level of MPTP, and molecular docking technology was used to determine the molecular target of Sal B. The results showed that relative to control group, OGD/R injury reduced cell viability, increased the content of ROS, decreased the content of t-GSH and NO. Furthermore, OGD/R injury increased the protein expression levels of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitofusions 2 (Mfn2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (caspase 3), and decreased the protein expression levels of Mfn1, increased MPTP opening level. Compared with the OGD/R group, it was observed that Sal B had a protective effect at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 100 μmol·L^-1. Sal B decreased the content of ROS, increased the content of t-GSH and NO, and Western blot showed that Sal B decreased the protein expression levels of Drp1, Mfn2, Bax and caspase 3, increased the protein expression level of Mfn1, and decreased the opening level of MPTP. In summary, Sal B may inhibit the opening of MPTP, reduce cell apoptosis and reduce OGD/R damage in H9C2 cells by regulating the balance of oxidation and anti-oxidation, mitochondrial fission and fusion, thereby providing a scientific basis for the use of Sal B in the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of exogenous leptin against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury in mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods A total of 100 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups,including a sham-operated group,cerebral I/R model group,and 3 leptin treatment groups with intraperitoneal injections of 0.5,1.0 or 2.0 leptin immediately after occlusion of the internal carotid artery.At 24 h after reperfusion,neurological function scores of the mice were assessed,and TTC staining was used to determine the area of cerebral infarction.The pathological changes in the cortical brain tissue of the mice were observed using HE staining,and degenerative damage of the cortical neurons were assessed with Fluoro-Jade C staining.The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in cortical brain tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.In another 45 C57BL/6 mice with sham operation,I/R modeling,or leptin(1 mg/kg)treatment,glutamic acid in the cortical brain tissue was detected using glutamate assay,and cortical glutamate-aspartate transporter(GLAST)and glutamate transporter-1(GLT-1)protein expressions were detected using immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the I/R model mice,the leptin-treated mice had significantly lower neurological deficit scores,smaller cerebral infarct area,milder pathologies in the cortical brain tissue,and lessened cortical neuronal damage with normal morphology and less excessive proliferation of the astrocytes.Leptin treatment significantly up-regulated the expressions of GLT-1 and GLAST and lowered the content of glutamic acid in the brain tissue of the I/R mice.Conclusion Exogenous leptin has obvious neuroprotective effect against cerebral I/R injury in mice,mediated probably by controlling excessive astrocyte proliferation and up-regulating cortical GLT-1 and GLAST expressions to reduce glutamate-mediated excitotoxic injury of the astrocytes.

Objective To investigate the effects of Huoxue Yiqi Decoction(composed of Carthami Flos,Crataegi Fructus,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,and Astragali Radix)combined with Pinggan Qianyang Muzu Powder(composed of Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis,Prunellae Spica,Chrysanthemi Flos,Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Cassiae Semen)on blood lipid metabolism and cardiac function in female patients with essential hypertension.Methods A total of 220 female patients with essential hypertension of qi deficiency and blood stasis type were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 110 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,and the observation group was treated with Huoxue Yiqi Decoction orally combined with Pinggan Qianyang Muzu Powder for foot bath on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment for the two groups covered one month.Before and after treatment,the two groups were observed in the changes of blood pressure,blood lipid,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores and cardiac function indicators of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and stroke volume(SV).After treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)After one month of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 95.45%(105/110),and that of the control group was 84.55%(93/110).The intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores of primary symptoms and secondary symptoms in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of SBP and DBP levels in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,the levels of blood lipid indicators of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05).The decrease of TC,TG and LDL-C levels and the increase of HDL-C level in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).(5)After treatment,the levels of cardiac function indicators of LVEF and SV in the two groups were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the increase of LVEF and SV levels in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion The combination of Huoxue Yiqi Decoction and Pinggan Qianyang Muzu Powder exerts certain effect in the treatment of female patients with essential hypertension of qi deficiency and blood stasis type.The combined therapy is effective on controlling blood pressure,improving blood lipid metabolism and cardiac function indicators.

This article introduces the clinical experience of Professor JI Xun-Chao for the syndrome differentiation and treatment of cough variant asthma(CVA)in children based on the corresponding predominant two-hour periods of meridians and zang-fu viscera.The corresponding predominant two-hour periods of meridians and zang-fu viscera are derived from the Ziwu Liuzhu theory(midnight-midday ebb and flow,the movement of qi and blood in the meridians following heavenly-stems and earthly-branches cycle),which reflects the relationship of the two-hour periods with qi and blood circulation in the meridians.Professor JI Xun-Chao believes that the attack of CVA in children is related with the two-hour periods,and has close relationship with the zang-fu viscera of lung,liver and spleen.Based on the clinical manifestation characteristics,children CVA can be divided into two types,namely"jiming cough"(cough attack or aggravation at 23∶00-3∶00)and"pingdan cough"(cough attack or aggravation at 3∶00-11∶00),and jiming cough can develop into pingdan cough with the transformation of the pathogenesis.For the treatment of jiming cough,therapies of soothing liver to check upward adverse flow of qi and warming lung to resolve phlegm were usually adopted,and Wenfei Jiangni Decoction was prescribed.For the treatment of pingdan cough,therapies of invigorating spleen and replenishing qi together with the clearance of residual pathogens were adopted,and Tufuling Decoction was prescribed.This article summarized the temporal-differentiation experience of Professor JI Xun-Chao in treating children CVA based on the corresponding predominant two-hour periods of meridians and zang-fu viscera and the therapeutic principle of treating symptom and root cause simultaneously,which will provide reference for clinical treatment of children CVA.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of exogenous leptin against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury in mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods A total of 100 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups,including a sham-operated group,cerebral I/R model group,and 3 leptin treatment groups with intraperitoneal injections of 0.5,1.0 or 2.0 leptin immediately after occlusion of the internal carotid artery.At 24 h after reperfusion,neurological function scores of the mice were assessed,and TTC staining was used to determine the area of cerebral infarction.The pathological changes in the cortical brain tissue of the mice were observed using HE staining,and degenerative damage of the cortical neurons were assessed with Fluoro-Jade C staining.The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in cortical brain tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.In another 45 C57BL/6 mice with sham operation,I/R modeling,or leptin(1 mg/kg)treatment,glutamic acid in the cortical brain tissue was detected using glutamate assay,and cortical glutamate-aspartate transporter(GLAST)and glutamate transporter-1(GLT-1)protein expressions were detected using immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the I/R model mice,the leptin-treated mice had significantly lower neurological deficit scores,smaller cerebral infarct area,milder pathologies in the cortical brain tissue,and lessened cortical neuronal damage with normal morphology and less excessive proliferation of the astrocytes.Leptin treatment significantly up-regulated the expressions of GLT-1 and GLAST and lowered the content of glutamic acid in the brain tissue of the I/R mice.Conclusion Exogenous leptin has obvious neuroprotective effect against cerebral I/R injury in mice,mediated probably by controlling excessive astrocyte proliferation and up-regulating cortical GLT-1 and GLAST expressions to reduce glutamate-mediated excitotoxic injury of the astrocytes.

Objective:To explore the properties of gelatin-polyethylene glycol hydrogel loaded with silver nanoparticle (AgNP) Chlorella (hereinafter referred to as the composite hydrogel) and its effects on healing of infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in mice. Methods:The research was an experimental research. The simple gelatin-polyethylene glycol hydrogel (hereinafter referred to as the simple hydrogel) and the composite hydrogel were prepared, and the appearance and injectability of the two hydrogels were observed at 55 and 37 ℃, and under the irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared light, respectively. An electronic universal testing machine was employed to assess the tensile and compressive stress-strain properties of both types of hydrogels at room temperature. Additionally, the cyclic compressive stress-strain properties of the composite hydrogel were examined at 80% of the maximum compressive stress. Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli solution was added to phosphate buffer solution (PBS), simple hydrogel, and composite hydrogel, respectively. The part of composite hydrogel containing Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli solution was irradiated with near-infrared light for 5 minutes. After each sample was incubated for 6 h, the dilution plating method was used to detect and calculate the mortality rates of the two bacteria at 24 h of culture ( n=5). The discarded foreskin tissue was taken from a 6-year-old healthy boy admitted to the Department of Urology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University for circumcision. Primary human fibroblasts (HFbs) were isolated using the enzyme extraction method, routinely cultured to the 3 rd to 6 th passages for subsequent cellular experiments. Composite hydrogel extracts with final mass concentrations of 100.0, 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, and 0 mg/mL were respectively prepared and used to culture HFbs, and the cell proliferation after 24 h of culture was detected using a cell counting kit 8 ( n=3). A total of twenty 6-8 weeks old C57BL/6J female mice were utilized, and a full-thickness skin defect was surgically created on the back of each mouse. The wounds were infected with Staphylococcus aureus solution. The infected mice were divided into blank control group, simple hydrogel group, composite hydrogel group, and combined treatment group according to the random number table, and the wounds were treated with PBS, simple hydrogel, composite hydrogel, and composite hydrogel+light irradiation (under the irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared light for 5 min), respectively, with 5 mice in each group. On post injury day (PID) 0 (immediately after the first wound treatment), 3, 7, and 14, an overall assessment of wound exudation and healing were conducted, and the wound healing rates on PID 7 and 14 were calculated ( n=5). On PID 14, hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe histopathological changes in the mouse wound. Results:Both simple hydrogel and composite hydrogel were in a solution state at 55 ℃ and transition to a gel state when cooling to 37 ℃. After the two hydrogels were irradiated by near-infrared light, only the composite hydrogel reheated up and returned to the solution state again with injectability. The maximum tensile stress of the composite hydrogel was up to 301.42 kPa, with a corresponding strain of 87.19%; the maximum compressive stress was up to 413.79 kPa, with a corresponding strain of 91.67%, which was similar to the tensile and compressive properties of the simple hydrogel. After 10 compression cycles, the maximum compressive stress of the composite hydrogel still reached 84.1% of the first compressive stress. After 24 h of culture, the mortality rate of Staphylococcus aureus treated with simple hydrogel was significantly higher than that treated with PBS ( P<0.05); the mortality rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus treated with composite hydrogel alone were significantly higher than those treated with simple hydrogel ( P<0.05); the mortality rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus treated with composite hydrogel+light irradiation were significantly higher than those treated with composite hydrogel alone ( P<0.05). After 24 h of culture, compared with that cultured in composite hydrogel immersion solution with final mass concentration of 0 mg/mL, the proliferation activity of HFbs cultured in composite hydrogel immersion solution with final mass concentrations of 25.0 and 50.0 mg/mL was significantly enhanced ( P<0.05), while the proliferation activity of HFbs cultured in composite hydrogel immersion solution with final mass concentration of 100 mg/mL was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). On PID 0 and 3, more purulent secretions were seen in the wounds of mice in blank control group and simple hydrogel group, while only a small amount of exudate was observed in the wounds of mice in composite hydrogel group, and no obvious infection was observed in the wounds of mice in combined treatment group. On PID 7 and 14, the wound healing rates of mice in simple hydrogel group were significantly higher than those in blank control group ( P<0.05); the wound healing rates of mice in composite hydrogel group were significantly higher than those in simple hydrogel group ( P<0.05); the wound healing rates in combined treatment group were significantly higher than those in composite hydrogel group ( P<0.05). On PID 14, the wounds of mice in blank control group exhibited a high infiltration of inflammatory cells with no new epithelial layer observed; the wounds of mice in simple hydrogel group displayed a short length of newly formed epithelium with a small amount of inflammatory cells; the wounds of mice in composite hydrogel group exhibited continuous formation of new epithelium and a large amount of immature granulation tissue; the wounds of mice in combined treatment group showed continuous epithelialization with less immature granulation tissue. Conclusions:The prepared composite hydrogel exhibits excellent thermosensitivity, photothermal properties, and injectability, as well as excellent mechanical properties, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility, and can promote the healing of infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in mice.

The patient,a male newborn,was admitted to the hospital 2 hours after birth due to prematurity(gestational age 27+5 weeks)and respiratory distress occurring 2 hours postnatally.After admission,the infant developed fever and elevated C-reactive protein levels.On the fourth day after birth,metagenomic next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid indicated a positive result for Mycoplasma hominis(9 898 reads).On the eighth day,a retest of cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics confirmed Mycoplasma hominis(56 806 reads).The diagnosis of purulent meningitis caused by Mycoplasma hominis was established,and the antibiotic treatment was switched to moxifloxacin[5 mg/(kg·day)]administered intravenously for a total of 4 weeks.After treatment,the patient's cerebrospinal fluid tests returned to normal,and he was discharged as cured on the 76th day after birth.This article focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal Mycoplasma hominis purulent meningitis,introducing the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of the condition in extremely preterm infants.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(4):432-436]