OBJECTIVE: To compare the biomechanical properties of personalized Y-shaped plates with horizontal plates, vertical plates, and traditional Y-shaped plates in the treatment of distal humeral intra-articular fractures through finite element analysis, and to evaluate their potential for clinical application. METHODS: The study selected a 38-year-old male volunteer and obtained a three-dimensional model of the humerus by scanning his upper limbs using a 64-slice spiral CT. Four types of fracture-internal fixation models were constructed using Mimics 19.0, Geomagic Wrap 2017, Creo 6.0, and other software: horizontal plates, vertical plates, traditional Y-shaped plate, and personalized Y-shaped plate. The models were then meshed using Hypermesh 14.0 software, and material properties and boundary conditions were defined in Abaqus 6.14 software. AnyBody 7.3 software was used to simulate elbow flexion and extension movements, calculate muscle strength, joint forces, and load torques, and compare the peak stress and maximum displacement of the four fixation methods at different motion angles (10°, 30°, 50°, 70°, 90°, 110°, 130°, 150°) during elbow flexion and extension. RESULTS: Under dynamic loading during elbow flexion and extension, the personalized Y-shaped plate exhibits significant biomechanical advantages. During elbow flexion, the peak internal fixation stress of the personalized Y-shaped plate was (28.8±0.9) MPa, which was significantly lower than that of the horizontal plates, vertical plates, and traditional Y-shaped plate ( P<0.05). During elbow extension, the peak internal fixation stress of the personalized Y-shaped plate was (18.1±1.6) MPa, which was lower than those of the other three models, with significant differences when compared with horizontal plates and vertical plates ( P<0.05). Regarding the peak humeral stress, the personalized Y-shaped plate model showed mean values of (10.9±0.8) and (13.1±1.4) MPa during elbow flexion and extension, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the other three models ( P<0.05). Displacement analysis showed that the maximum displacement of the humerus with the personalized Y-shaped plate during elbow flexion was (2.03±0.08) mm, slightly higher than that of the horizontal plates, but significantly lower than that of the vertical plates, showing significant differences ( P<0.05). During elbow extension, the maximum displacement of the humerus with the personalized Y-shaped plate was (1.93±0.13) mm, which was lower than that of the other three models, with significant differences when compared with vertical plates and traditional Y-shaped plates ( P<0.05). Stress contour analysis showed that the stress of the personalized Y-shaped plate was primarily concentrated at the bifurcation of the Y-shaped structure. Displacement contour analysis showed that the personalized Y-shaped plate effectively controlled the displacement of the distal humerus during both flexion and extension, demonstrating excellent stability. CONCLUSION The personalized Y-shaped plate demonstrates excellent biomechanical performance in the treatment of distal humeral intra-articular fractures, with lower stress and displacement, providing more stable fixation effects.
Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Healthy Volunteers ; Finite Element Analysis ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Models, Anatomic ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humeral Fractures, Distal/surgery* ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Bone Plates ; Computer Simulation ; Precision Medicine/methods* ; Elbow Joint/surgery* ; Elbow/surgery* ; Humerus/surgery* ; Torque ; Stress, Mechanical ; Intra-Articular Fractures/surgery* ; Prosthesis Design/methods* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Range of Motion, Articular

Urolithiasis is a common and complex disease of the urinary system, which can cause urinary tract blockage, urinary tract infection, and even damage to urinary system-related tissues. Although urolithiasis can be cured, its high recurrence rate and the development of chronic kidney disease in some patients have drawn the attention of nephrologists. Although the application of extracorporeal lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and other minimally invasive techniques have made the treatment of urolithiasis more efficient, pharmacotherapy plays an indispensable role in reducing their morbidity and recurrence rates. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for treatment and prevention of urolithiasis in developing countries for centuries, known for its unquestionable efficacy and safety. This article reviews the progress of clinical trials and pharmacological studies on the treatment of urolithiasis with Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs). The mechanism of CHMs in the treatment of urolithiasis mainly involve preventing further growth and aggregation of urolithiasis, reducing the PH of urine, promoting calculus dissolution. Furthermore, some CHMs can increase urine output, relax smooth muscles, and promote the removal of calculus. These findings provide new treatment strategies and options for urolithiasis and secondary kidney damage.

Humans ; Oxaliplatin/therapeutic use* ; Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel/therapeutic use* ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Paclitaxel/therapeutic use* ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Nanoparticles ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use*

Amino acids are important compounds with a wide range of applications in the food, medicine and chemical industries. Corynebacterium glutamicum is a powerful workhorse commonly used in industrial amino acid production, with the scale of more than one million tons. In addition to its efficient anabolism, the effective exporters also ensure the high amino acid production by C. glutamicum. In this review, the research progress of amino acid exporter of C. glutamicum is summarized, to provide the foundation for further improving amino acid production by C. glutamicum via metabolic engineering.
Amino Acids ; Corynebacterium glutamicum/genetics* ; Metabolic Engineering

To evaluate the effects of resuscitation with normal saline and sodium potassium magnesium calcium and glucose injection on renal structure and function in septic rats. Rat model of sepsis was established by ligation and perforation of cecum. Male SD rats were divided into four groups: sham operation group, sepsis group, saline resuscitation group, sodium potassium magnesium calcium and glucose injection resuscitation group. Blood gas analysis was performed at the end of resuscitation. The rats were sacrificed 72 hours after resuscitation. Blood samples were taken to measure the plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα). Caspase-3 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in kidney sections. The degree of renal injury was evaluated by regular HE staining and electron microscope. Compared with normal saline resuscitation, sodium potassium calcium magnesium glucose injection resuscitation could decrease the levels of BUN, serum creatinine, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα ( P<0.05) , reduce the expression of caspase-3 ( P<0.05) , and improve the renal injury score ( P<0.05) . Sodium potassium calcium magnesium glucose injection resuscitation can significantly improve the renal function of sepsis rats with less pathological damage of the kidney.

Objective To evaluate the value of 3.0T dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)quantitative parameters for the diagnosis,pathological classification,clinical staging and lymph node status of cervical cancer.Methods The DCE-MRI data of 41 cases with cervical cancer and 1 5 cases with normal cervix were analyzed retrospectively.The quantitative parameters including Ktrans,Kepand Ve were obtained by Siemens Tissue 4D software.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0.Results The Ktransand Kepvalues of cervical cancer group were significantly higher than normal cervix group(P<0.001),and there was no statistical difference in Vevalue between the two groups(P>0.05).The Ktransvalue of squamous carcinoma was significantly higher than adenocarcinoma(P<0.05),while Kep and Vevalues showed no statistical differences(P>0.05).The Ktransvalue of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)for early cervical cancer was significantly lower than that for advanced cervical cancer(P<0.05),while Kepand Vevalues showed no statistical differences (P>0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in Ktrans,Kepand Vevalues between cervical cancer with or without lymph node metastasis(P>0.05).Conclusion The quantitative parameters of 3.0T DCE-MRI can be used for the diagnosis, pathological classification and clinical staging of cervical cancer,and it is also of great significance for the rational formulation of the clinical treatment plan.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in a tumor hospital,and provide evidence for prevention and control of HAI.Methods According to requirement of cross sectional survey of nationwide HAI monitoring network,prevalence rates of HAI in hospitalized patients at a tumor hospital in 2013-2015 were surveyed,surveyed results were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 3 515 hospitalized patients were investigated from 2013 to 2015,24(0.68%)had HAI.The prevalence rates of HAI from 2013 to 2015 were 0.79%,0.54%,and 0.76%respectively,difference was not statistically significant(x2=0.65,P>0.05).The main infection site was lower respiratory tract,accounting for 45.83%.The main pathogens causing HAI were gram-negative bacilli,accounting for 47.37%,followed by fungi(26.32%).Conclusion The prevalence rate of HAI in tumor patients is low,targeted monitoring should be carried out according to the current situation,the prevention and control of lower respiratory tract infection should be focused on,fungal infection should be paid attention.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of low dose dual phase contrast-enhanced chest CT with iterative mod el reconstruction (IMR) technique.Methods Totally 130 patients with suspected pulmonary occupying lesions underwent dual phase contrast-enhanced chest CT,who were randomly assigned into 2 groups (group A and group B,each n=65).Patients in group A were scanned with 100 kV,DoseRight technique with dose right index 10,and images were reconstructed with the hybrid iterative reconstruction (iDose4).While patients in group B were scanned with 80 kV,DoseRight technique with dose right index 8,and images were reconstructed with iterative model reconstruction (IMR).The objective image quality,subjective image scores and the excellence rate of vascular visualization were compared in both pulmonary artery (PA) and bronchial artery (BA) phases.The radiation dose was also calculated.Results The effective dose was (3.30 ±0.89)mSv in group A and (1.27 ±0.19)mSv in group B.Compared to group A,the effective dose reduced 61.52％ in group B (P＜0.001).Lower image noise and greater CNR were obtained in group B compared to group A in both PA and BA phases (all P＜0.001).No significant difference was found in subjective image scores of lung and mediastinal setting and the excellence rate of vascular visualization in both groups (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Using IMR,dual phase contrast-enhanced chest CT allows for a radiation dose reduction up to 61.52％,meanwhile,ensures the image quality and meets the diagnostic requirements.

Objective To assess the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) vessels in patients with breast reconstruction flaps by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) reconstruction techniques.Methods Conventional ultrasound,CEUS and 3DUS were used to evaluate DIEP vessels of breast reconstruction flaps in 43 patients before surgical procedures.The identification,localization and spatial relationship of DIEP vessels were analyzed with conventional ultrasound,CEUS and 3DUS methods.The findings of CEUS and 3DUS were compared to conventional ultrasound and surgical outcome.Results Compared to CDFI,40 cases (93％) were observed more clearly with CEUS,and were showed more accurately than conventional ultrasound.41 cases (95％) could be displayed wonderfully in 3D ultrasound.Perforators which were detected by ultrasound were confirmed in the surgery and the transferred flaps survived completely.Conclusions Perforators can be displayed more clearly and located more accurately by CEUS and 3DUS.CEUS and 3DUS could play a very important role in the preoperative navigation of the DIEP than conventional ultrasound.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)measurements,fiber tracking(FT)and the clinical symptoms in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.Methods According to the Japanese orthopaedics association score(JOA),104 patients with cervical spondylopathy were divided into 4 groups:mild in 31 patients with 13-16 scores,moderate in 27 with 9-12 scores,severe in 25 with 5-8 scores,and serious in 21 with 0-4 scores.According to the lesion signal characters,all patients were divided into 3 groups:Group A with normal signal in both T1 WI and T2WI in 33 patients,Group B with normal signal in T1WI but high signal in T2WI in 30 patients,and Group C with low signal in T1 WI and high signal in T2WI in 41 patients.Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC),fractional anisotropy(FA),λ1,λ2,λ3 were measured in the spinal cord at the serious pressed section,and fiber tractography was performed.The Spearman correlation analyses was used to correlate each of the DTI measurement with JOA score.Group difference was tested with one-way ANOVA method.Results High quality of DTI was acquired in all patients.The FA values in the mild,moderate,severe,and serious groups were respectively 0.69 ±0.13,0.58 ±0.03,0.46 ±0.08,and 0.37 ±0.11 and significant difference was found in different groups(F =100.59,P ＜ 0.05)and positively correlated with JOA scores (r =0.883,P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical significance between JOA scores and ADC,λ1,λ2,λ3(r=0.232,0.217,0.113,0.127,P ＞0.05).The FA values in group A,B,and C were respectively 0.67 ±0.33,0.51 ±0.21,0.38 ±0.03,and significant difference was found among different groups(F =50.05,P ＜ 0.05).Decrease of JOA score and high signal in T2 companied with decrease of FA value.Decrease of FA values was found associated with increase of fiber bundle damage.The ADC,λ2,λ3 but not λ1 were significantly different among the JOA groups and the group A,B,and C.Conclusions The FA values are positively correlated with clinical symptoms.Decrease of FA values is found associated with increase of fiber bundle damage.DTI can show the severity and extent of damage of spinal cord in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.