ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of action of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang in antagonizing cellular pyroptosis and fibrosis in ectopic endometrial tissues of endometriosis through the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB/NOD-like receptor protein 3 （TRL4/NF-κB/NLPR3） signaling pathway. MethodsSeventy-two SPF-grade female SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group （n = 12） and a modeling group （n = 60）. The rats in the sham-operated group underwent a caesarean section， while the rats in the modeling group were used to establish an endometriosis model through the auto-transplantation method. After successful modeling， the animals were randomly divided into the model group， progesterone group （0.25 mg·kg^-1）， and modified Shaofu Zhuyutang low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （7.5， 15， 30 g·kg^-1）， with 12 animals in each group. After 4 weeks of drug administration， voluntary activity and heat pain latency were observed. The rats were sacrificed for tissue collection， and Masson staining were used to observe histopathological changes in the endometrial tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of interleukin-18 （IL-18）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was used to detect the protein expression area of tumor necrosis factor-related factor 6 （TRAF6） and NLPR3 in the endometrial tissues. Immunofluorescence （IF） was used to detect the relative fluorescence intensity of Caspase-1 and gasdermin D （GSDMD） in the endometrial tissues. Western blot was employed to measure the relative expression of TRL4， myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）， TRAF6， NF-κB p65， phosphorylated NF-κB p65 （p-NF-κB p65）， and NLPR3 proteins in endometrial tissues. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB， and NLPR3 in the endometrial tissues. ResultsCompared with the sham-operated group， rats in the model group showed reduced voluntary activity and shorter heat pain latency. Serum levels of IL-18， IL-1β， TNF-α， and TGF-β were elevated. The relative expression areas of TRAF6 and NLPR3 proteins were increased， and the relative fluorescence intensity of Caspase-1 and GSDMD was enhanced. The relative expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB p65， p-NF-κB p65， and NLPR3 proteins， along with the expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB， and NLPR3 mRNA， were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， rats in the progesterone group and the modified Shaofu Zhuyutang medium- and high-dose groups exhibited improved voluntary activity， longer heat pain latency， the fibrosis of endometrial tissue is alleviated. Serum levels of IL-18， IL-1β， TNF-α， and TGF-β were decreased. The relative expression areas of TRAF6 and NLPR3 proteins decreased， and the relative fluorescence intensity of Caspase-1 and GSDMD weakened. The relative expression of TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， p-NF-κB p65， NLPR3 proteins， and TRL4， MyD88， TRAF6， NF-κB， and NLPR3 mRNA expression were reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Shaofu Zhuyutang may play a therapeutic role in endometriosis by interfering with key proteins in the TRL4/NF-κB/NLPR3 signaling pathway， reducing NLRP3 inflammasome-induced cellular pyroptosis， antagonizing the fibrosis process in ectopic endometrial tissues， improving the inflammatory microenvironment in the pelvic cavity， and alleviating pain.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on key proteins of the epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway in SD rats with endometriosis. MethodsAfter successful establishment of an endometriosis model in 60 female SD rats of SPF grade via the auto-transplantation method， the rats were randomly divided into a model group， modified Shaofu Zhuyutang high-， medium-， and low-dose groups， and a gestrinone group， with another 12 rats serving as a blank group. The blank and model groups were administered 10 mL·kg^-1 normal saline， while the high-， medium-， and low-dose groups received 30， 15， and 7.5 g·kg^-1 modified Shaofu Zhuyutang， respectively. The gestrinone group was administered 0.25 mg·kg^-1 gestrinone suspension. After four weeks of treatment， uterine contractions were induced with 2 U of oxytocin， and the writhing response of rats was observed. After 24 h， the rats were euthanized， and the weight and volume of ectopic endometrial tissue were recorded. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological changes in endometrial tissues， while the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling （TUNEL） assay was used to evaluate the apoptosis rate of endometrial tissues. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the relative expression areas of the B-cell lymphoma-2 gene-associated promoter （Bad） and B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2） proteins in endometrial tissues. Serum levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， epidermal growth factor （EGF）， and EGFR were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The relative protein expression levels of EGFR， PI3K， phosphorylated PI3K （p-PI3K）， Akt， and phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt） in endometrial tissues were analyzed by Western blot. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of EGFR， PI3K， and Akt. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group showed endometrial thickening， glandular and mesenchymal hyperplasia， a significant decrease in the relative expression area of Bad in ectopic endometrial tissues， a significant increase in the relative expression area of Bcl-2， and a significant reduction in the apoptosis rate as indicated by TUNEL staining. Serum levels of IL-1β， IL-6， TNF-α， EGF， and EGFR were significantly elevated （P<0.01）. The relative protein expression levels of EGFR， PI3K， p-PI3K， Akt， and p-Akt， as well as the mRNA expression levels of EGFR， PI3K， and Akt， were also significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high- and medium-dose groups of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang and the gestrinone group exhibited reduced glandular and mesenchymal hyperplasia to varying degrees， with dilated glandular lumens. The number of writhing responses was significantly reduced， the latency to writhing response was significantly prolonged， and the weight and volume of ectopic endometrial tissue were significantly decreased. The relative expression area of Bad in ectopic endometrial tissue was significantly increased， the relative expression area of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased， and the apoptosis rate was significantly elevated as shown by TUNEL staining. Serum levels of IL-1β， IL-6， TNF-α， EGF， and EGFR were significantly reduced， and the relative protein expression levels of EGFR， PI3K， p-PI3K， Akt， and p-Akt， as well as the mRNA expression levels of EGFR， PI3K， and Akt， were significantly decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Shaofu Zhuyutang may exert therapeutic effects on endometriosis by interfering with key proteins of the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inducing apoptosis in ectopic endometrial tissue.

Anti-signal recognition particle(SRP)necrotizing myopathy is a type of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy(IMNM).It is a rare disease in clinical practice and has the features of insidious onset and rapid progression,with the main manifestations of symmetrical proximal limb weakness and a significant increase in creatine kinase.This ar-ticle reports a patient with positive serum anti-SRP antibody and anti-GT1a antibody accompanied by peripheral neuropa-thy and analyze related clinical data and diagnosis and treatment processes,in order to improve the understanding of this disease among clinicians.

Objective:To compare the positioning errors in tracing the body surface markers between radiotherapy placement with or without using the laser positioning coordination system in post-breast conservative surgery patients, and to verify the clinical value of the laser positioning coordination system.Methods:A total of 45 post-breast-conservative surgery patients who underwent radiotherapy in Department of Radiation Oncology of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2022 to September 2023 were prospectively collected. In the experimental group 1 ( n=15), the initial version of the laser positioning coordination system was employed to trace the body surface markers. In the experimental group 2 ( n=15), the upgraded version of the laser positioning coordination system was adopted to draw the body surface markers. In the control group ( n=15), the body surface markers were traced with conventional approach. All patients were treated with spiral tomotherapy (TOMO), and the error values in the left and right directions ( X), head and foot directions ( Y), ventral and dorsal directions ( Z), and rotation angles (ROLL) before each radiotherapy were recorded. The differences in the positioning errors among the three groups were analyzed by t-test. Results:The positioning errors in the X, Y, Z directions and ROLL in the experimental group 1 were (3.10±2.43) mm, (4.36±3.45) mm, (2.29±2.49) mm and 0.95°±0.88°, and (2.88±2.28) mm, (3.58±2.95) mm, (2.40±2.54) mm, and 0.70°±0.70° in the experimental group 2, and (4.32±3.48) mm, (5.49±4.74) mm, (2.61±3.38) mm and 1.22°±1.16° in the control group, respectively. Statistical significance was observed in the differences of positioning errors in the X, Y directions and ROLL between the experimental group 1 and control group ( t=4.32, 2.89, 2.78, P < 0.001, =0.004, =0.006), respectively. Statistical significance was detected in the differences of positioning errors in the X, Y directions and ROLL between the experimental group 2 and control group ( t=5.20, 5.14, 5.82, all P<0.001). Statistical significance was noted in the differences of positioning errors in the Y direction and ROLL between the experimental group 1 and 2 ( t=2.58, 3.41, P=0.010, 0.001). Conclusion:The laser positioning coordination system-assisted tracing the body surface marking line can significantly reduce the positioning errors in the X and Y directions and ROLL, and the upgraded version of the laser positioning coordination system can further reduce the positioning errors in the Y direction and ROLL compared with the initial version, which is of high clinical application value.

The incidence of myopia among Chinese adolescents is progressively rising, indicating a distinct trend toward younger age onset.This paper aims to comprehensively review the impact of various visual performance on myopia and its progression, with a specific emphasis on accommodative function, convergence function, and ocular position. A meticulous exploration of accommodation function, encompassing accommodative amplitude, accommodative facility, accommodative response, positive relative accommodation, and negative relative accommodation, has been undertaken to elucidate its contributory role in myopia progression. Concurrently, an exhaustive analysis of convergence function has been conducted including esotropia and exotropia, convergence insufficiency and convergence excess, fusional function vergence, divergence insufficiency, and excess, providing a nuanced understanding of convergence's implications for myopia advancement. Furthermore, the influence of ocular position on myopia progression, along with other factors affecting perceptual ocular position and intermittent exotropia, is discussed. The primary objective of this article is to unveil the multifaceted visual performance influencing myopia and its progression, elucidating the paramount significance of accommodative function, convergence function, and ocular position in this context.

Objective To investigate the effect of afferent blockade of visceral adipose tissue(VAT)on cardiac function and cardiac neural remodeling in rats after myocardial infarction(MI).Methods After 30 healthy SPF-grade male SD rats were subjected,12 of them were randomly divided into control group(n=6)and activation group(n=6).In the activation group,low-dose capsaicin(1 mmol/L)was used to activate VAT afferent nerves,while in the control group,an equal amount of normal saline was injected,and real-time blood pressure and heart rate were monitored for 30 min.The other 18 rats were randomly assigned into sham group(n=6),MI group(n=6),and high-dose capsaicin blockade group(n=6).The MI model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery.After MI modeling,the high-dose capsaicin blockade group was give 33 mmol/L capsaicin to block VAT afferent nerve,and the sham opera-tion group and MI group were injected with the same amount of normal saline.After 2 weeks,car-diac function was measured by echocardiography,infarct size was measured by TTC staining,heart rate variability was analyzed,and myocardial tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)was measured.The levels of myocardial superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were measured by biochemical methods.Results More significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate were observed in the activation group than the control group(P＜0.01).The MI group had obviously larger infarct size,higher LVEDD and LVESD,and increased myocardial TH density and MDA level,but lower LVEF and myocardial SOD activity than the sham group(P＜0.05).However,the infarct size,LVEDD(9.15±0.37 mm vs 10.1±0.85 mm),LVESD(6.33±0.40 mm vs 7.87±0.86 mm)were obviously decreased,while LVEF[(67.04±3.34)％vs(47.10±3.89)％]and myocar-dial FS[(33.26±2.50)％vs(20.81±2.14)％]activity were greatly increased in the high dose capsaicin group than the MI group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Activation of VAT afferent nerve can increase blood pressure and heart rate;while its blockade can reduce the infarct size,protect cardiac function and inhibit cardiac nerve remodeling in MI rats,possibly by reducing oxidative stress.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Guanxinning tablets(GXN) on early heart failure model rats, and to explore the protective mechanism of GXN on heart failure rats from the perspective of intestinal flora. METHODS Six rats who underwent sham operation were set as sham operation group. Took 80 SD rats to undergo aortic arch stenosis and established a heart failure rat model. The surviving rats were divided into 4 groups, namely the model control group, the positive control group(captopril tablets 12.5 mg·kg–1), high-dose and low-dose of GXN group(600, 1 200 mg·kg–1). The 4 groups were administered continuously for 8 weeks. Cardiac ultrasonography was performed every 4 week. Serum NT-proBNP, hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, SOD and MDA levels were measured. The effects of GXN on the structure and function of intestinal flora were observed based on the high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis of 16S gut microbiome. RESULTS Compared to the model control group, after giving different doses of GXN, the survival rate of rats increased, and the thickness of the ventricular wall decreased to varying degrees. The weight of the heart and coefficient of the heart were all reduced. GXN could also reduce the level of inflammatory factors, inhibit the level increase of NT-proBNP in rats, and increase the activity of serum SOD. In addition, GXN intervention could significantly improve the intestinal flora diversity of rats with heart failure, the possible target genera of GXN were Akkermansia genera, Phascolarctobacterium genera and Oxalobacter genera. The effect of GXN on intestinal function in rats with heart failure might be concentrated in non-homologous end-joining, influenza A, carotenoid synthesis, indole alkaloids biosynthesis, betalain biosynthesis, renin-angiotensin system and other biological pathways. CONCLUSION The protective effect of GXN on early heart failure rats may be related to the regulation of intestinal flora pathway.

Objective To investigate the anti-fatigue effect of PTR-SeNPs in vivo by measuring the muscle relative length of hindlimb,load-bearing swimming time as well as serum and liver indexes of mice.Methods 48 male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned into 4 groups with 12 mice in each group,including vehicle control group(control group),swimming training exercise group(EC group)with vehicle treatment,swimming training exercise with low dose of PTR-SeNPs group(LPTR-SeNPs)and high dose of PTR-SeNPs group(HPTR-SeNPs).The mice were intragastrically administrated with normal saline in both control group and EC group,as well as 2.5 and 10 μmol/(kg·bw)PTR-SeNPs in LHPTR-SeNPs group,respectively,once per day for consecutively 21 days.After swimming training exercise,the muscle structures in the hind limb of mice were examined by magnetic resonance imaging.Furthermore,the burdened swimming time was measured,the serum content of blood lactic acid(BLA),urea nitrogen(BUN),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),glutamic oxalate aminotransferase(AST)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),as well as the hepatic level of glycogen(HG),malondialdehyde(MDA)and activity of catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were determined.Results Compared with the control group,the serum contents of BLA,BUN,ALT,AST and LDH in EC group(P<0.05 or P<0.01)and hepatic CAT in HPTR-SeNPs group(P<0.01)were significantly increased.The muscle relative length of hind limbs and the burdened swimming time were extended by HPTR-SeNPs markedly(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in MDA level in LHPTR-SeNPs group.Compared with EC group,the burdened swimming time of mice was significantly prolonged(P<0.01),the contents of BLA and BUN were obviously decreased in the HPTR-SeNPs group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the level of HG was significantly increased in the LHPTR-SeNPs groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the serum content of ALT,AST and LDH were markedly decreased in the HPTR-SeNPs group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Hepatic SOD activity was remarkably increased in LPTR-SeNPs group(P<0.05),the level of CAT was evidently increased(P<0.01)and AST was decreased(P<0.05)in the HPTR-SeNPs group.Conclusion PTR-SeNPs could improve the liver physiological function,increase glycogen storage,reduce the accumulation of metabolites and enhance the body's antioxidant capacity to ameliorate fatigue significantly,which could present the potential to be developed into health care products or drugs.

Objective To explore the effect of Lee-Silverman voice treatment (LSVT) on language re-habilitation of dysarthria in Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods A total of 84 patients with PD dysarthria ad-mitted to our hospital from February 2019 to February 2022 were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table method,they were divided into observation group and control group,with 42 cases in each group.The control group received routine speech rehabilitation training,and the observation group re-ceived LSVT for four weeks.The scores of Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) and Aphasia Quotient (AQ) be-fore and after intervention were compared between the two groups,and the differences of electroglottographic parameters such as jitter,F0,shimmer,normalized noise energy (NNE) and harmonic noise ratio (HNR) were compared between the two groups.Results Before intervention,there was no significant difference in WAB scores (listening comprehension,repetition,spontaneous speech,naming) and AQ scores between the two groups (P>0.05).After intervention,the above scores of the two groups were significantly improved,and the observation group was higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Before intervention,the jitter,F0,shimmer,NNE,HNR of vowels "a""i""u" in the two groups were not sta-tistically significant (P>0.05).After intervention,the above-mentioned electroglottic parameters of the two groups were significantly improved.The jitter and NNE of vowels "a""i""u" in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the HNR was higher than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion LSVT can improve the electroglottographic parameters and speech function of patients with PD dysarthria,and the language rehabilitation effect of PD dysarthria is obvious.

Objective:To investigate the effect of tocilizumab (TCZ) on ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) after myocardial infarction (MI) in Sprague-Dawley rats and explore its potential mechanism.Methods:The random number table method was used to divide 32 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats into 4 groups: Sham group, TCZ group, MI group and MI+TCZ group, with 8 rats in each group. The MI model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery in the MI and MI+TCZ groups, and only sutured without ligation in the Sham and TCZ groups. TCZ was injected into the left superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of rats in the TCZ and MI+TCZ groups after successful modeling or sham operation, and the same amount of normal saline was injected in the Sham and MI groups. 24 h after successful modeling, ECG of rats in each group was recorded, heart rate variability (HRV, including low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), LF/HF ratio), QT interval, QTc interval were calculated, and left ventricular effective refractory period (ERP) and VA inducibility were measured. Myocardial infarct size and tissue changes were observed with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and HE staining. Real-time PCR analysis was used to detect the messager RNA (mRNA) expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 in SCG and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2 (Kcnd2) in myocardial infarction periphery. The expression of c-fos in SCG was detected by immunofluorescence staining.Results:Compared with Sham group and MI+TCZ group, rats in MI group had higher LF and LF/HF ratio, longer QT interval and QTc interval, more VAs induced, lower HF and shorter ERP ( P all<0.05). Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and HE staining showed that rats in the Sham and TCZ groups had normal myocardial tissue structure, those in the MI group had severe myocardial injury, and those in the MI+TCZ group had less myocardial injury than those in the MI group. Real-ime PCR analysis showed that compared with Sham group and MI+TCZ group, mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3 in SCG of rats in MI group were higher, and mRNA expression level of myocardial Kcnd2 was lower ( P all<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the content of c-fos in SCG of rats in MI group was higher than that of Sham group and MI+TCZ group ( P all<0.05). Conclusions:TCZ may reduce neural activity of the SCG after MI by inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby alleviating myocardial injury and inhibiting VAs.