BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that patients with premature ovarian failure have changes in the structure of intestinal flora and that imbalance of intestinal microbiota may be one of the important mechanisms in the development of premature ovarian failure. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Liuwei Dihuang Wan on oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota in premature ovarian failure mice induced by cyclophosphamide. METHODS:Forty-five female ICR mice were randomized into three groups:blank group(normal mice),model group(premature ovarian failure mice),and Liuwei Dihuang Wan group.A mouse model of premature ovarian failure was prepared by one-time intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide(120 mg/kg)in the latter two groups.After successful modeling,the Liuwei Dihuang Wan group was intragastrically administered for 28 continuous days,and the other two groups were intragastrically administered with the same amount of normal saline for 28 days.Mouse body mass was recorded weekly and ovarian index was calculated.The development of mouse follicles was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining.ELISA method was used to detect serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone,estradiol,follicle stimulating hormone,superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,and malondialdehyde.Meanwhile,the gut microbiome of all mice was detected through 16S rDNA sequencing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mice in the model group had loose hair,decreased vigor and grip strength,almost no increase in body mass,and decreased ovarian index.Whereas,the mouse body mass and ovarian index were increased after treatment with Liuwei Dihuang Wan(P<0.05).The estrous cycle of mice in the model group was disorganized;Liuwei Dihuang Wan could restore the estrous cycle and reduce the number of atretic follicles in mice with premature ovarian failure.The serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and malondialdehyde in the model group significantly increased(P<0.01),while the levels of estradiol,anti-Mullerian hormone,superoxide dismutase,and glutathione peroxidase significantly decreased(P<0.01).Liuwei Dihuang Wan could significantly decrease the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and malondialdehyde(P<0.01),and increase the levels of estradiol,anti-Mullerian hormone,superoxide dismutase,and glutathione peroxidase.According to the 16S rDNA sequencing results,Liuwei Dihuang Wan could regulate the abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota,and increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.KEGG pathway analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota and metabolic pathways,biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,microbial metabolism in different environments,and biosynthesis of amino acids were regulated by Liuwei Dihuang Wan.To conclude,the changes in the structure of intestinal microbiome may be one of the potential mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Wan in treating premature ovarian failure.Liuwei Dihuang Wan can regulate the structure of intestinal microbiome,increase the number of beneficial bacteria,reduce the number of harmful bacteria,and thus improve the balance of intestinal microbiota.This regulatory effect helps to reduce oxidative stress levels and further inhibit ovarian oxidative stress in mice with premature ovarian failure.

ObjectiveTo analyze the differences in color， odor and volatile components of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（CRP） before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， and to explore the material basis of enhancing the effect of strengthening spleen after processing and the scientific connotation of decoction pieces processed with Halloysitum Rubrum as the auxiliary material. MethodsThe volatile components of the samples before and after processing were identified and relatively quantified by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and the volatile components were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）. According to the principle of variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1.5， volatile differential components before and after processing were screened. And combined with intelligent sensory technologies such as colorimeter and electronic nose， the chroma and odor information of CRP before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum were identified. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between volatile differential components and chroma values. ResultsA total of 112 volatile components were identified from CRP and CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， of which 84 were from CRP and 97 were from CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum. And 7 differential components were selected， including α-pinene， β-myrcene， linalool， sabinene， ocimene isomer mixture， A-ocimene， and δ-elemene. After being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the brightness value（L^*）， yellow-blue value（b^*） and total chromatic value（E^*_ab） of CRP were decreased（P<0.01）， and red-green value（a^*） was increased（P<0.01）， the response values of S4， S5， S10 and S13 sensors were significantly increased（P<0.05）， and the response values of S3 and S8 sensors were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that α-pinene and β-myrcene were negatively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， but positively correlated with a^*. Sabinene was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab. Linalool was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， and negatively correlated with a^*. The ocimene isomer mixture was positively correlated with the L^*. ConclusionAfter being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the appearance color， odor and volatile components of CRP change significantly， and α-pinene， β-myrcene， sabinene， linalool and A-ocimene are the characteristic volatile components before and after processing， which can provide references for the quality evaluation and clinical application of CRP and its processed products.

ObjectiveTo analyze the differences in color， odor and volatile components of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（CRP） before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， and to explore the material basis of enhancing the effect of strengthening spleen after processing and the scientific connotation of decoction pieces processed with Halloysitum Rubrum as the auxiliary material. MethodsThe volatile components of the samples before and after processing were identified and relatively quantified by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and the volatile components were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）. According to the principle of variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1.5， volatile differential components before and after processing were screened. And combined with intelligent sensory technologies such as colorimeter and electronic nose， the chroma and odor information of CRP before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum were identified. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between volatile differential components and chroma values. ResultsA total of 112 volatile components were identified from CRP and CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， of which 84 were from CRP and 97 were from CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum. And 7 differential components were selected， including α-pinene， β-myrcene， linalool， sabinene， ocimene isomer mixture， A-ocimene， and δ-elemene. After being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the brightness value（L^*）， yellow-blue value（b^*） and total chromatic value（E^*_ab） of CRP were decreased（P<0.01）， and red-green value（a^*） was increased（P<0.01）， the response values of S4， S5， S10 and S13 sensors were significantly increased（P<0.05）， and the response values of S3 and S8 sensors were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that α-pinene and β-myrcene were negatively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， but positively correlated with a^*. Sabinene was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab. Linalool was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， and negatively correlated with a^*. The ocimene isomer mixture was positively correlated with the L^*. ConclusionAfter being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the appearance color， odor and volatile components of CRP change significantly， and α-pinene， β-myrcene， sabinene， linalool and A-ocimene are the characteristic volatile components before and after processing， which can provide references for the quality evaluation and clinical application of CRP and its processed products.

By consulting relevant literature of ancient herbal books and processing specifications， this paper made a systematic research and analysis of Ostreae Concha， including the name， producing area， harvesting， quality， historical evolution of processing， relevant processing specifications， modern processing technology， and changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects before and after processing， in order to provide documentary evidence for the research on processing technology and the establishment of quality standards. According to the textual research， it is known that Ostreae Concha has a long history of being used in medicine， and there have been many aliases and local names in each historical period. Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica（Shennong Bencaojing） began to use Muli as the correct name， which has continued to use to today， and there were also aliases such as Muge， Zuogu Muli and Haoke. Ostreae Concha has a wide range of localities and irregular harvesting periods. The ancients believed that its left shell was of superior quality， but this has not been seen in modern. And there were many kinds of processing methods of Ostreae Concha， such as grinding， roasting， calcining， frying， simmering， quenching and so on， and the calcining was still in use. The different editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia from 1963 to 2020 contain only calcined Ostreae Concha， and the local processing specifications mainly include three kinds of processed products（calcined products， salt-soaked products and vinegar-soaked products）. Modern processing research mainly focuses on process optimization， changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects， and the research methods are relatively single. Overall， there are currently issues such as inconsistent processing standards， unclear process parameters and imperfect quality standards， which are not conducive to the quality control and standardized clinical use of Ostreae Concha. Therefore， it is necessary to further investigate the pharmacological substance basis of Ostreae Concha and its processed products in order to elucidate the processing mechanism， standardize the processing technology and improve the quality standard.

Shared Decision-Making （SDM） is a crucial concept in modern medicine， emphasizing the joint participation of doctors and patients in the medical decision-making process. However， the authoritative position of doctors and the passive role of patients in traditional medical models often overlook the personal wishes and needs of patients， leading to tense doctor-patient relationships and medical disputes. By listening to and understanding their stories， narrative medicine helps doctors gain a more comprehensive understanding of patients’ situations and balances medical advice with patient needs in the decision-making process. Through systematic literature analysis and theoretical exploration， this paper investigated the application effects and mechanisms of narrative medicine in different medical contexts， as well as analyzed its specific role in the process of SDM. The aim is to explore the value of narrative medicine in bridging differences in SDM， revealing its role in promoting doctor-patient communication， enhancing decision-making participation， and improving medical outcomes. Researches had found that narrative medicine enhanced doctors’ “narrative ability”， promoted emotional communication and trust between doctors and patients， reduced conflicts and misunderstandings in decision-making， and improved patients’ sense of participation and trust， thus playing an important role in SDM. Therefore， by enhancing doctor-patient communication and understanding， promoting SDM and treatment selection between doctors and patients， personalized care and treatment optimization， advocating for doctor-patient co-construction， improving consultation efficiency， restoring the patient’s subject position， and other methods， it can bridge doctor-patient differences， promote communication and enhance decision-making participation， and improve medical outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of four high-molecular-weight thiol derivatives (TDs) in workplace air by gas chromatography. Methods The four kinds of vapor-phase macromolecular TDs (1-pentanethiol, 1-hexanethiol, 1-benzyl mercaptan, and n-octanethiol) in the workplace air were collected using the GDH-1 air sampling tubes, desorbed with anhydrous ethanol, separated on a DB-FFAP capillary column, and determined by flame ionization detector. Results The quantitation range of the four TDs was 0.30-207.37 mg/L, with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.999 00. The minimum detection mass concentrations and minimum quantitation mass concentrations were 0.18-0.32 and 0.60-1.05 mg/m³, respectively (both calculated based on the 1.5 L sample and 3.0 mL desorption solvent). The mean desorption efficiencies ranged from 87.07% to 103.59%. The within-run and between-run relative standard deviations were 1.92%-8.22% and 1.89%-8.45%, respectively. The samples can be stored at room temperature or 4 ℃ for three days and up to 7 days at -18 ℃. Conclusion This method is suitable for the simultaneous determination of four vapor-phase TDs in workplace air.

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and its receptor family members are involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes.Studies have shown that the IL-17 family may be closely related to the occurrence and development of interstitial cystitis/ bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).This paper explores the relationship between the IL-17 family and IC/BPS, introduces the members and structures of the IL-17 family, their value in inflammatory diseases, and discusses in depth the IL-17 pathways in IC/BPS and the latest research progress.Research has found that the IL-17 family is upregulated in IC/BPS, related to the exacerbation of pathological inflammatory reactions, and responsible for maintaining the chronic inflammatory state of IC/BPS patients.In addition, IL-17 is also associated with neuroinflammation, pain, and other biological effects in IC/BPS.This review aims to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying IC/BPS and to provide references for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Medical imaging technology plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Image compression technology provides robust technical support for the storage and transmission of massive medical imaging data, serving as an effective safeguard for hospital data backup and telemedicine. The technology holds broad application prospects in the medical field, enabling the processing of various imaging modalities, multidimensional imaging, and medical video imaging. This study elaborates on general image and video compression algorithms, the application of compression algorithms in the medical field, and the performance metrics of medical image compression, thereby providing critical technical support for enhancing clinical diagnostic efficiency and data management security.

Objective: To explore the independent and interactive effects of school green space exposure and outdoor activity duration on screening myopia among primary and secondary school students, so as to provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of screening myopia in children and adolescents. Methods: From September to November 2023, 117 487 primary and secondary school students from 497 schools were selected using a cluster random sampling method, covering 98 counties (cities, districts) in Jiangsu Province. Data on the students screening myopia status and associated health influencing factors were collected and analyzed. School green space exposure was quantified using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which was extracted with ArcGIS Pro software; meanwhile, information on students outdoor activity duration was gathered through self reported questionnaires. Multivariate Logistic regression was applied to assess the independent and interactive effects of green space exposure and outdoor activity duration on screening myopia among primary and secondary school students. Results: Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in screening myopia detection rates among primary and secondary school students of different genders, NDVI groups, every outdoor activity duration, monitoring points, school stages, parents educational level, and whether they lived on campus or had parents with screening myopia ( χ 2=88.91-1 950.08, all P <0.05); as the school age and sedentary time increased, the detection rate of screening myopia in primary and secondary school students also increased ( χ 2 trend =8 410.15, 2 028.91, both P <0.05). Independent effects showed that compared to the low NDVI group, the medium and high NDVI groups had lower risks of screening myopia ( OR =0.93, 0.95, both P <0.05). Compared to those with outdoor activity duration<2 h/d, students with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d had a lower risk of screening myopia ( OR =0.96, P <0.05). When stratified by school level, compared to the low NDVI group, the medium NDVI group had lower risks of screening myopia in primary and junior high schools (primary school: OR =0.91; junior high school: OR =0.88, both P <0.05). Compared to those with outdoor activity duration<2 h/d, junior high school students with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d had a lower risk of screening myopia ( OR = 0.90, P <0.05). When stratified by monitoring site, urban primary and secondary school students in the medium and high NDVI groups and those with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d had lower risks of screening myopia ( OR =0.92, 0.92, 0.93, all P <0.05). Interactive effects showed that when medium or high NDVI was combined with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d, the risks of screening myopia among primary and secondary school students were lower (medium NDVI×≥2 h/d: OR =0.89; high NDVI×≥ 2 h/d : OR =0.89, both P <0.05), and the combined effect was superior to that of a single factor. Conclusion Green space exposure and outdoor activity duration have negative correlations with screening myopia among primary and secondary students, and the combined effect is better than that of a single factor.

Objective: To investigate the association between outdoor light at night (LAN) exposure and sleep quality among primary and secondary school students, and to examine the pathways of negative affects including depressive, stress and anxiety symptoms, so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the school environment and enhancing the physical and mental well being of students. Methods: In December 2024, a total of 36 885 students from 154 primary and secondary schools in Suzhou, Nantong, and Changzhou were included via a stratified cluster sampling method. Sleep quality and negative affect were assessed by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), respectively. Outdoor LAN exposure data were obtained from the national polar orbiting partnership visible infrared imaging radiometer suite nighttime light(NPP-VIIRS NTL) dataset provided by the National Earth System Science Data Center. Multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the association between LAN exposure and sleep quality across different regions, with stratification by monitoring site. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between LAN, negative affect, and sleep quality. The mediating role of negative affect was tested by using Model 4 of the PROCESS macro. Results: The detection rates among students were 13.95%( n =5 147) for depressive symptom, 16.72%( n =6 166) for stress symptom, and 17.49%( n =6 451) for anxiety symptom. The median outdoor LAN exposure was 28.85(19.10, 41.44)nW/(cm 2 · ( sr). After adjusting for confounders, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high LAN exposure ( Q 4) was positively associated with sleep problems (urban areas: OR =1.28, 95% CI = 1.17- 1.41; rural areas: OR =1.21, 95% CI =1.07-1.36; both P <0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between LAN exposure, depressive symptoms, stress symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality ( r =0.03-0.75, all P < 0.01). The mediation analysis indicated that all dimensions of negative affect significantly mediated the relationship between high LAN exposure and poor sleep quality (all P <0.01). Specifically, the indirect effects were 0.03 (95% CI =0.02-0.05) for depressive symptom, 0.05(95% CI =0.03-0.08) for stress symptom, and 0.07(95% CI =0.05-0.09) for anxiety symptom. Overall, 31.9% of the total effect was mediated by negative affect, with anxiety (14.89%) being the strongest mediator, followed by stress (10.64%) and depression(6.38%). Conclusion Reducing high levels of outdoor LAN exposure and implementing interventions targeting negative affect may contribute to improved sleep quality among primary and secondary school students.