ObjectiveTo establish a reliable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mouse model based on a self-developed multichannel automatic control system for long-term continuous cigarette smoke exposure in small animals using a novel continuous cigarette smoke exposure method, and to conduct phenotypic evaluation and analysis, thereby providing an animal experimental basis for investigating COPD pathogenesis and prevention strategies. MethodsTwenty male C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were randomly and equally divided into a control group and a model group. The model group (n=10) underwent 6 h of continuous cigarette smoke exposure daily (6 cigarettes per day for 12 consecutive weeks), while the control group (n=10) received no intervention. Body weight was monitored biweekly. Post-exposure, in vivo micro-CT imaging was performed. After euthanasia, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were quantified by ELISA. Lung tissues underwent H&E and Masson's trichrome staining to observe changes in lung morphology and inflammatory cell infiltration, and the mean linear intercept (MLI) was calculated, thereby comprehensively evaluating the clinical features of COPD in the mouse model. ResultsCompared with the control group, the model group showed significantly reduced body weight (P<0.01) from the fourth week. Compared with the control group, IL-6 level in the serum and BALF of the model group increased by 27.2% and 140.0%, respectively (P<0.01). TNF-α level in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the model group increased by 16.7% (P<0.01) and 19.3% (P<0.05), respectively. Histopathological examination revealed alveolar wall thinning, septal rupture, emphysematous bullae formation, reduced alveolar count, bronchial wall thickening with lumen narrowing, and inflammatory cell infiltration. MLI was significantly elevated (P<0.01). Masson's staining confirmed collagen deposition and bronchial remodeling. Micro-CT demonstrated localized high-density shadows exhibiting typical features of chronic bronchitis. Conclusion The self-developed device enables long-term continuous smoke exposure, and the successfully established COPD mouse model exhibits pathological features highly consistent with clinical manifestations, offering an efficient and reliable tool for COPD research.

ObjectiveTo identify potential influencing factors of urate crystal deposition at ankle/foot in patients with hyperuricemia （HUA）， and to analyze the predictive value of inflammatory indicators for urate crystal deposition in patients with different traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes， so as to provide potential reference for clinical risk assessment and individualized TCM intervention. MethodsA retrospective study was carried out with the enrollment of 231 HUA patients from The Third Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2021 and December 2024. The enrolled patients were further divided into a crystal deposition-positive group （143 cases） and a crystal deposition-negative group （88 cases） according to the results of dual-energy computed tomography （CT）. Sociodemographic data， living habits， serum uric acid levels， and inflammatory indicators of the enrolled patients were collcted， and TCM syndrome differentiation was performed. Furthermore， univariate analysis was used to compare inter-group differences in clinical characteristics. MMultivariate Logistic regression was applied to identify the influencing factors of urate crystal deposition. In addition， the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive efficacy of inflammatory indicators for crystal deposition across different TCM syndromes. ResultsThere were statistically significant inter-group differences in the proportion of males， age， body mass index， proportion of mental labor， rate of low water intake， and rate of high-sugar beverage consumption （P<0.05），whereas no significant difference in low exercise intensity was found between the two groups. Furthermore， compared with the negative group， the positive group had higher serum uric acid level， neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio （NLR）， and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio （PLR）， but lower systemic immune-inflammation index （SIRI） （P<0.05）. Regarding the distribution of TCM syndromes， the positive group was dominated by the dampness-heat accumulation syndrome （55/143，38.46%）， while the negative group was mainly characterized by the phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome （44/88，50.00%）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that high-sugar beverage consumption， elevated NLR， and elevated PLR were risk factors for urate crystal deposition ［odd ratio （OR） = 8.002， 5.377， 1.034， respectively； 95% CI 1.572-40.732， 2.179-13.270， 1.013-1.054，all P<0.05］， while SIRI was a protective factor （OR = 0.869， 95% CI 0.778-0.971， P<0.05）. In the positive group， patients with the dampness-heat accumulation syndrome exhibited the highest NLR， while the lowest PLR and SIRI， showing statistically significant differences with those of other syndromes （all P<0.05）. In addition， ROC curve analysis indicated that for the dampness-heat accumulation syndrome， the combined "NLR + PLR" model had an area under the curve （AUC） of 0.901 （95% CI 0.850-0.951， P<0.01）， with a sensitivity of 89.1% and a specificity of 79.5%； for the blood stasis-heat obstruction syndrome， the combined "NLR + PLR" model had an AUC of 0.880 （95% CI 0.825-0.934， P<0.01）， with a sensitivity of 100.0% and a specificity of 67.3%； for the liver-kidney Yin-deficiency syndrome， the single PLR model had an AUC of 0.842 （95% CI 0.731-0.952， P<0.01）， with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 84.0%. ConclusionUrate crystal deposition in HUA patients exhibits intimate associations with high-sugar beverage consumption as well as elevated NLR and PLR levels. Meanwhile， TCM syndrome differentiation has potential correlation with inflammatory characteristics. The inflammatory indicator-based prediction model constructed based on TCM syndromes exhibits good predictive value.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of Netupitant and palonosetron hydrochloride capsules （NEPA） on the pharmacokinetics of Paclitaxel for injection （albumin bound） （i. e. albumin-bound paclitaxel） under different intestinal microenvironment conditions. METHODS Male SD rats were divided into a normal group and a model group （n＝16）. Rats in the model group were intragastrically administered vancomycin solution to establish an intestinal disorder model. The next day after modeling， intestinal microbiota diversity was analyzed， and the mRNA expressions of cytochrome P450 3A1 （CYP3A1） and CYP2C11 in small intestine and liver tissues as well as those protein expressions in liver tissue were measured. Male SD rats were grouped as described above （n＝16）. The normal group was subdivided into the TP chemotherapy group （TP-1 group） and the TP chemotherapy+NEPA group （TP+NEPA-1 group）； the model group was subdivided into the TP chemotherapy group （TP-2 group） and the TP chemotherapy+NEPA group （TP+NEPA-2 group） （n＝8）. Rats in the TP+NEPA-1 and TP+NEPA-2 groups received a single intragastric dose of NEPA suspension （25.8 mg/kg， calculated by netupitant）. One hour later， all four groups received a single tail vein injection of albumin-bound paclitaxel and cisplatin. Blood samples were collected at different time points after the last administration. Using azithromycin as the internal standard， plasma paclitaxel concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 2.0 software and compared between groups. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， the model group showed significantly decreased Chao1 and Shannon indexes （P＜0.05）， significant alterations in microbiota composition and relative abundance， and significantly downregulated expressions of CYP3A1 mRNA in liver tissue and CYP2C11 mRNA in both small intestine and liver tissues （P＜0.05）. Compared with the TP-1 group， the AUC0－t， AUC0－∞， MRT0－t of paclitaxel in the TP-2 group， the cmax， AUC0－t， AUC0－∞ of paclitaxel in the TP+NEPA-1 group and TP+NEPA-2 group were significantly increased or prolonged； CL of paclitaxel in the TP-2 group， Vd and CL of paclitaxel in the TP+NEPA-1 group and the TP+NEPA-2 group were significantly decreased or shortened （P＜0.05）. Compared with the TP-2 group， cmax of paclitaxel in the TP+NEPA-2 group was significantly increased， and Vd and MRT0－t were significantly decreased or shortened （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal microbiota disorder affects the mRNA expressions of CYP3A1 and CYP2C11， leading to decreased clearance and increased systemic exposure of paclitaxel. Concomitant administration of NEPA under normal intestinal microbiota condition increases paclitaxel exposure. However， under conditions of intestinal microbiota disorder， concomitant administration of NEPA has a limited impact on paclitaxel systemic exposure.

In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

Objective:To study the efficiency and biosafety of Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes(EAOP)in dental bleaching,and conduct preliminary application.Methods:Indigo carmine and coffee were used as the indicator to assess the effi-cacy of EAOP.High resistance meter was used to measure the resistance of the tooth to verify the safety of the working voltage.Twenty wisdom teeth after tooth extraction were collected,dyed and bleached in vitro to verify the bleaching efficiency.Subsequent-ly,the bleached teeth were examined by scanning electron microscopy,hardness testing,and bacterial adhesion experiments to as-sess surface damage.To determine its cytotoxicity,cells were co-cultured with electrolyte.Initial samples of bleaching tray was prepared,and its durability were verified.Results:The EAOP could bleach indigo carmine within 10 min and coffee within 90 min at an operating voltage of 8 V.The resistance at the groove of the tooth socket was(3.4±1.2)MΩ,and the theoretical calculated current was less than 3 μA.The efficiency of EAOP tooth bleaching was slightly lower than that of traditional office bleaching and higher than that of home bleaching.Compared with the traditional bleaching method,scanning electron microscopy showed that EAOP had less demineralization effect on tooth surface.The tooth hardness before and after bleaching had no statistical difference(P=0.912).The bacterial adhesion test after tooth bleaching showed that EAOP method could reduce about 60％bacterial adhe-sion(P＜0.001).The cytotoxicity test showed that EAOP electrolyte had no obvious toxic effect.The durability test shows that the bleached denture still has good bleaching effect after 20 h of use.Conclusion:Compared with the traditional bleaching method,EAOP bleaching had excellent tooth bleaching effect,little effect on tooth damage,high safety,and the related bleaching devices had good durability.

Decreased endometrial receptivity is a critical factor contributing to the decline in fertility among women of advanced age. With the increase of age, the endometrium exhibits diminished hormonal responsiveness, a phenomenon known as inflammaging, and an imbalance in immune cell populations. These changes impede the processes of endometrial epithelial-mesenchymal transition and decidualization, thereby negatively impacting embryo implantation and reducing overall fertility potential. Furthermore, adverse lifestyle choices, exposure to environmental factors, inflammatory conditions, and repeated interventions within the uterine cavity can result in pathological aging of the endometrium that does not align with its chronological age. This misalignment may be associated with the emergence of various reproductive disorders, even in younger women. This paper seeks to investigate the relationship between pathological aging of the endometrium and reproductive disorders, particularly in the context of embryo implantation, with the aim of providing new insights into the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of reproductive disorders.

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the Wenyang Huazhuo Formula on spontaneous pregnancy outcomes in advanced-age infertile patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome.Methods:A retrospective cohort study design was employed to gather clinical data from 303 advanced-age infertile patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome who sought treatment at the Department of Reproductive Medicine in the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2019 and June 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their treatment regiments: a basic treatment group (non-exposed group, n=151) and a group receiving basic treatment in conjunction with the Wenyang Huazhuo Formula (exposed group, n=152). The study compared and analyzed pregnancy outcomes, including time to pregnancy (TTP) within one year, ongoing pregnancy rate, and clinical pregnancy rate, between the two groups over a one-year follow-up period. Additionally, stratified analyses were performed based on age and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels to evaluate the impact of Wenyang Huazhuo Formula on pregnancy outcomes across different patient subgroups. Results:The TTP in the exposed group was significantly reduced compared with the non-exposed group ( HR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.12-2.57, P=0.013), suggesting a significant shortening of their TTP, and the ongoing pregnancy rate [28.29% (43/152)] and the clinical pregnancy rate [33.55% (51/152)] were significantly higher than those in the non-exposed group [13.91% (21/151), P=0.020; 21.85% (33/151), P=0.023], and the early abortion rate [15.69% (8/51)] was significantly reduced compared with the non-exposed group [36.36% (12/33), P=0.031]. Stratified analyses by age revealed that for patients aged 35-37 years, the exposed group exhibited a significantly shorter TTP ( HR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.03-2.70, P=0.038), while no significant difference in TTP was observed in the 38-44-year old patients ( HR=1.78, 95% CI: 0.77-4.10, P=0.174). Regarding the ongoing pregnancy rate, the exposed group showed a significant higher rate [31.31% (31/99)] than the non-exposed group [13.91% (15/112), P=0.022] among patients aged 35-37 years, whereas no significant difference was observed in the 38-44 years old group ( P=0.386). Stratified analysis based on AMH levels showed that both low AMH levels (<1.68 μg/L) and high AMH levels (≥1.68 μg/L) patients in the exposed group experienced a significant reduction in TTP compared with the non-exposed group ( HR=8.07, 95% CI: 1.04-62.52, P=0.046; HR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.01-2.43, P=0.044, respectively), along with a notable improvement in the ongoing pregnancy rate [13.64% (6/44) vs. 0% (0/29), P=0.038; 34.26% (37/108) vs.17.21% (21/122), P=0.028, respectively]. Further stratified analysis indicated that, compared with patients with low AMH levels, both the exposed group and the non-exposed group of patients with high AMH levels exhibited a significantly shorter TTP ( HR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.02-3.69, P=0.043; HR=9.48, 95% CI: 1.30-69.22, P=0.002, respectively), along with a significantly higher ongoing pregnancy rate ( P=0.014; P=0.008). Conclusion:The Wenyang Huazhuo Formula significantly shortens TTP, enhances both the clinical pregnancy rate and the ongoing pregnancy rate and reduces the early abortion rate in advanced-age infertile women diagnosed with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome.

As a non-invasive treatment method,transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation(TAES)can regulate neurological function,endocrine function and immune function through electrical stimulation for specific acupoints,which shows wide application potential in postoperative pain management,promotion of bone healing and rehabilitation in orthopedic surgery.TAES treatment has a series characteristics include non-invasiveness,convenience and effectiveness,which provides a new adjuvant treatment method for orthopedic diseases.This review elaborated the research advances of the application of TAES in orthopedics field,which provided references for further exploring its mechanism and clinical application in the future research.

Objective:To investigate the current practice of nasogastric tube care and the training needs among nurses in the emergency departments of tertiary hospitals in Beijing, to provide a basis for further standardizing nasogastric tube care practices.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select head nurses and nurses from the emergency departments of 47 tertiary hospitals in Beijing in June 2024. A self-designed questionnaire on the current practice of nasogastric tube care and training needs was administered to the participants.Results:A total of 47 emergency departments from tertiary hospitals in Beijing were surveyed, of which only 25 departments implemented nasogastric tube techniques. In the key practices of nasogastric tube care, nine hospitals met the overall implementation standards, while 16 hospitals had substandard implementation. The key practices with poor standardization included the frequency of changing the nasogastric tube dressing, blind insertion (spiral nasogastric tube) through the pylorus, the recommended temperature for enteral nutrition liquids, and the timing for flushing the nasogastric tube. There were statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) in the presence of specialized nasogastric tube care teams and the use of case discussions or workshops for department training between hospitals with good and poor implementation. Moreover, 89.5% (496/554) of the nurses indicated a need for training related to nasogastric tube maintenance, and 91.9% (509/554) expressed willingness to participate in technical training or seminars. Statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) were found between emergency specialized nurses and non-specialized nurses in terms of preferred training frequency, duration, format, and content (sharing of the latest research and advancements) . Conclusions:Nasogastric tube techniques have not been widely implemented in the emergency departments of tertiary hospitals in Beijing. The standardization of nasogastric tube care needs further improvement, and there is a significant demand for training among emergency nurses, indicating an urgent need for specialized nasogastric tube training programs.

Objective:To systematically summarize, describe, and evaluate the evidence related to convex baseplates use in adult ostomy patients through an evidence map, in order to identify research gaps and future directions.Methods:A systematic search was conducted in Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and PubMed, and others, from database inception to September 2024. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies on convex baseplates use in adult ostomy patients were included. Literature quality was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 bias risk assessment tool and the critical appraisal tool for quasi-experimental studies from the Joanna Briggs Institute Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare. Based on the PICO principle [participant (P) , intervention (I) , comparison (C) , outcome (O) ] , an evidence mapping coding system was extracted and developed by integrating relevant guidelines and consensus. Data extraction and coding were performed using EPPI-Reviewer software, and key evidence characteristics and literature quality were presented using bubble charts.Results:A total of eight randomized controlled trials and six quasi-experimental studies were included. Most of the 14 studies had a high risk of bias. The target populations for interventions were divided into two categories: prevention and treatment. The main complications involved stoma skin-mucosal separation, stoma peristomal dermatitis, and stoma height issues. The main outcome measures included baseplate seal integrity, wound healing, complication rates, clinical symptoms, adverse events, patient acceptance, and quality of life.Conclusions:Most of the studies on convex baseplates has focused on enterostomy patients. The majority of studies have a high risk of bias, and the number of studies is limited. Further clarification is needed on the selection criteria for convex baseplates with different characteristics, and the clinical application effects of convex baseplates urgently need further evaluation.