Microplastics and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), raising significant concerns about their impact on human health. Research highlights the hazardous effects of MPs/NPs on both male and female reproductive systems, influencing germ cells, embryo development, and progeny. Additionally, studies show that MPs/NPs affect the gene expression of anabolic steroid hormones in vitro and in vivo, inducing reproductive toxicity through mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation. Considering these adverse effects, identifying natural compounds that can mitigate the toxicity of MPs/NPs is increasingly important. Plants offer a wealth of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds that can counteract these harmful effects. Among these, anthocyanins, natural colorants responsible for the vibrant hues of fruits and flowers, exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neoplastic properties. Moreover, anthocyanins can modulate sex hormone levels and alleviate reproductive toxicity. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), one of the most extensively studied anthocyanins, shows promise in reducing reproductive toxicity, particularly in females, and in protecting male reproductive organs, including the testis and epididymis. This protective effect is believed to result from its interaction with steroid receptors, specifically the androgen and estrogen receptors (ERs). These findings highlight the need to explore the mechanisms by which anthocyanins mitigate the reproductive toxicity caused by MPs/NPs. This review provides novel insights into how natural compounds can be leveraged to lessen the impact of environmental contaminants on human health, especially concerning reproductive health.

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Neurosyphilis （NS） is a group of diseases with a series of nervous system symptoms when Treponema pallidum infects the central nervous system， with an unknown pathogenesis and significant heterogeneity in clinical manifestations. It is called the “universal imitator”， leading to a high misdiagnosis rate in clinical practice. Cognitive impairment is one of the most common clinical manifestations of NS， but delayed diagnosis may cause irreversible neuronal damage. Therefore， early identification of NS with the main manifestation of mild cognitive impairment is of great importance for achieving a good prognosis of patients. This article reports a case of NS with the main manifestation of mild cognitive impairment and reviews its clinical features， in order to improve the understanding of this disease among clinicians.
Neurosyphilis

Objective:To discuss the effect of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula on the malignant biological behaviors of the hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells by requlating protein kinase B(Akt)/murine double minute 2(MDM2)/P53 signaling pathway.Methods:The HepG2 cells were treated with 0,0.05,0.10,0.20,0.40,0.80,1.60,3.20,and 6.40 g·mL-1 Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula for 48 h.CCK-8 method was used to detect the survival rates of the HepG2 cells in various groups,and the concentrations of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula for the subsequent experiments were screened.The HepG2 cells were divided into control group,low dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group(0.2 g·mL-1),medium dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group(0.4 g·mL-1),high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group(0.8 g·mL-1),SC79 group(8 mg·L-1 SC79),and high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula+SC79 group(0.8 g·mL-1 Fuzheng Ruijian Anticancer Formula+8 mg·L-1 SC79).CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation activities of the HepG2 cells in various groups;clone formation assay was used to detect the clone formation rates of the HepG2 cells in various groups;flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rates of the HepG2 cells in various groups;Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the numbers of migration and invasion HepG2 cells in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),cysteine aspartate specific proteinase(Caspase-3),matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2,MMP-9,phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt),phosphorylated MDM2(p-MDM2),and P53 proteins in the HepG2 cells in various groups.Results:As the increasing of concentrations of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula(0,0.05,0.10,0.20,0.40,0.80,1.60,3.20,and 6.40 g·mL-1),the surival rates of the HepG2 cells were gradually decreased(P<0.05),and 0.2,0.4,and 0.8 g·mL-1 Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula were selected for the subsequent experiments.The CCK-8 assay results showed that compared with control group,the proliferation activities of the HepG2 cells in low,medium,and high doses of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),in a dose-dependent manner,while the proliferation activity of the cells in SC79 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group,the proliferation activity of the HepG2 cells in high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula+SC79 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The clone formation assay results showed that compared with control group,the clone formation rates of the HepG2 cells in low,medium,and high doses of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner,while the clone formation rate of the cells in SC79 group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group,the clone formation rate of the cells in high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula+SC79 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The flow cytometry results showed that compared with control group,the apoptotic rates of the HepG2 cells in low,medium,and high doses of Fuzheng Ruijian Anticancer Formula groups were significantly increased(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner,while the apoptotic rate of the cells in SC79 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group,the apoptotic rate of the cells in high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula+SC79 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The Transwell chamber assay results showed that compared with control group,the numbers of migration and invasion HepG2 cells in low,medium,and high doses of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner,while the numbers of migration and invasion cells in SC79 group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group,the numbers of migration and invasion HepG2 cells in high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula+SC79 group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The Western blotting results showed that compared with control group,the expression levels of PCNA,MMP-2,MMP-9,p-Akt,and p-MDM2 proteins in the cells in low,medium,and high doses of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner,while the expression levels of Caspase-3 and P53 proteins were significantly increased(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner,while the expression levels of PCNA,MMP-2,MMP-9,p-Akt,and p-MDM2 proteins in the cells in SC79 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the expression levels of Caspase-3 and P53 proteins were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula group,the expression levels of PCNA,MMP-2,MMP-9,p-Akt,and p-MDM2 proteins in the cells in high dose of Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula+SC79 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the expression levels of Caspase-3 and P53 proteins were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Fuzheng Ruanjian Anticancer Formula may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of the HepG2 cells and promote the apoptosis,and its mechanism may be related to suppressing the Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway and upregulating the P53 proteim expression.

Objective To investigate the differential expression of miR-124-3p in peripheral blood and clinical sig-nificance of patients with β-thalassemia.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 33 patients with β-thalassemia and 30 healthy controls in Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University from June 2021 to August 2022.The expression level of miR-124-3p was detected.Luciferase reporter gene was used to verify the interaction between miR-124-3p and ERF 3'UTR.The correlation between differential expression of miR-124-3p and β-thalassemia was analyzed and the clinical diagnostic value of miR-124-3p for β-thalassemia was eval-uated.Results Compared with healthy control individuals,the expression of miR-124-3p was significantly up-reg-ulated in patients with β-thalassemia(P＜0.001).The genotype of miR-124-3p high expression group was 84.2%β0(16/19),the genotype of low expression group was 55.6%β+(10/18).ROC curve analysis showed that miR-124-3p had predictive efficacy for β-thalassemia(AUC:0.842).Luciferase reporter gene analysis showed that ERF gene was the regulatory target of miR-124-3p.Conclusions The differential expression of miR-124-3p in patients with β-thalassemia is closely related to the genotype and clinical severity of thalassemia,and ERF is negatively reg-ulated by miR-124-3p.miR-124-3p may be an effective diagnostic biomarker for β-thalassemia.

Objective·To explore the correlation among perceived social support,rehabilitation self-efficacy and rehabilitation exercise adherence of in-patients after hip/knee arthroplasty,and examine the mediating role of rehabilitation self-efficacy in the correlation between perceived social support and rehabilitation exercise adherence.Methods·A convenience sampling method was used,and 141 post-total hip/knee arthroplasty inpatients in the bone and joint ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Shanghai Changhai Hospital)from October 2021 to February 2023 were selected as the study subjects.The general demographic data,such as age and gender,and the information of disease and operation were assessed by using General Data Questionnaire.The adherence to rehabilitation exercise in patients after hip/knee arthroplasty was assessed by using the Rehabilitation Exercise Adherence Scale(REAS);the self-efficacy of rehabilitation exercise was assessed by using the Self-Efficacy for Rehabilitation Outcome Scale(SER);the social support level of individual subjective feelings of the patients was assessed by using the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).Pearson's correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the variables,and Bootstrap method was used to investigate the mediating role of rehabilitation self-efficacy in the correlation between perceived social support and rehabilitation exercise adherence.Results·A total of 167 questionnaires were distributed and 141 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a valid recovery rate of 84.4%.The age range of the 141 patients after hip/knee arthroplasty was 26?84 years old,and the average age was(64.75±10.74)years old.The total score of SER of the patients after hip/knee arthroplasty was(100.45±21.71),the total score of PSSS was(68.29±10.89),and the total score of REAS was(11.93±2.29).Pearson's correlation analysis results showed that there was a significant correlation between SER score and PSSS score,SER score and REAS score,and PSSS score and REAS score in patients after hip/knee arthroplasty.The mediation effect analysis showed that the indirect effect of perceived social support on rehabilitation exercise adherence was significant(effect value 0.033,95%CI 0.017?0.058,P<0.05),and the direct effect of perceived social support on rehabilitation exercise adherence was not significant(effect value 0.027,95%CI-0.008 ? 0.065,P>0.05).Conclusion·Perceived social support positively predicts rehabilitation exercise adherence,and rehabilitation self-efficacy fully mediates the correlation.Direct intervention in rehabilitation self-efficacy is superior to moderating the level of perceived social support.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and practicality of the Jaundice color card (JCard) as a screening tool for neonatal jaundice.Methods:Following the standards for reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) statement, a multicenter prospective study was conducted in 9 hospitals in China from October 2019 to September 2021. A total of 845 newborns who were admitted to the hospital or outpatient department for liver function testing due to their own diseases. The inclusion criteria were a gestational age of ≥35 weeks, a birth weight of ≥2 000 g, and an age of ≤28 days. The neonate′s parents used the JCard to measure jaundice at the neonate′s cheek. Within 2 hours of the JCard measurement, transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) was measured with a JH20-1B device and total serum bilirubin (TSB) was detected. The Pearson′s correlation analysis, Bland-Altman plots and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for statistic analysis.Results:Out of the 854 newborns, 445 were male and 409 were female; 46 were born at 35-36 weeks of gestational age and 808 were born at ≥37 weeks of gestational age. Additionally, 432 cases were aged 0-3 days, 236 cases were aged 4-7 days, and 186 cases were aged 8-28 days. The TSB level was (227.4±89.6) μmol/L, with a range of 23.7-717.0 μmol/L. The JCard level was (221.4±77.0) μmol/L and the TcB level was (252.5±76.0) μmol/L. Both the JCard and TcB values showed good correlation ( r=0.77 and 0.80, respectively) and agreements (96.0% (820/854) and 95.2% (813/854) of samples fell within the 95% limits of agreement, respectively) with TSB. The JCard value of 12 had a sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.75 for identifying a TSB ≥205.2?μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.35 for identifying a TSB ≥342.0?μmol/L. The TcB value of 205.2?μmol/L had a sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.60 for identifying TSB levels of 205.2 μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.26 for identifying TSB levels of 342.0 μmol/L. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of JCard for identifying TSB levels of 153.9, 205.2, 256.5, and 342.0 μmol/L were 0.96, 0.92, 0.83, and 0.83, respectively. The AUC of TcB were 0.94, 0.91, 0.86, and 0.87, respectively. There were both no significant differences between the AUC of JCard and TcB in identifying TSB levels of 153.9 and 205.2 μmol/L (both P>0.05). However, the AUC of JCard were both lower than those of TcB in identifying TSB levels of 256.5 and 342.0 μmol/L (both P<0.05). Conclusions:JCard can be used to classify different levels of bilirubin, but its diagnostic efficacy decreases with increasing bilirubin levels. When TSB level are ≤205.2 μmol/L, its diagnostic efficacy is equivalent to that of the JH20-1B. To prevent the misdiagnosis of severe jaundice, it is recommended that parents use a low JCard score, such as 12, to identify severe hyperbilirubinemia (TSB ≥342.0 μmol/L).

Objective:To explore the effects of a collaborative care model based on family-community- professional team on the oral health-related quality of life in older adults, and in order to provide reference basis for oral health management of the elderly.Methods:Using one-group pretest-posttest design study, 110 cases of older adults who participated in health checkups at the Yuyang Community Health Center in Yichang City from May 1 to June 30, 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method as study subjects. A oral health intervention program was constructed through literature review, Delphi expert consultation, and pilot trials and implemented for 6 months to compare the differences in oral health self-efficacy level, oral health-related quality of life before and after the intervention of the study subjects.Results:Finally, 108 study subjects completed the intervention including 49 males, 59 females, and 58 were 60-69 years old, 45 were 70-79 years old, and 5 were aged 80 and over; the total oral health self-efficacy score of older adults after the intervention was (59.19 ± 3.43) points, which was higher than (55.05 ± 5.10) points before the intervention, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = - 7.69, P<0.05); the total score of oral health-related quality of life after the intervention was (46.11 ± 5.14) points, which was higher than that before the intervention (41.39 ± 4.06), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = -7.02, P<0.05). Conclusions:The collaborative care model based on family-community- professional team can improve the level of oral health self-efficacy and oral health-related quality of life of the elderly, and provide a reference point for oral health management in the elderly.

Bioactive compounds derived from herbal medicinal plants modulate various therapeutic targets and signaling pathways associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world's primary cause of death. Ginkgo biloba, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with notable cardiovascular actions, has been used as a cardio- and cerebrovascular therapeutic drug and nutraceutical in Asian countries for centuries. Preclinical studies have shown that ginkgolide B, a bioactive component in Ginkgo biloba, can ameliorate atherosclerosis in cultured vascular cells and disease models. Of clinical relevance, several clinical trials are ongoing or being completed to examine the efficacy and safety of ginkgolide B-related drug preparations in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemia stroke. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and mechanisms of action of ginkgolide B in atherosclerosis prevention and therapy. We highlight new molecular targets of ginkgolide B, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NADPH oxidase), lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), platelet-activating factor (PAF), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and others. Finally, we provide an overview and discussion of the therapeutic potential of ginkgolide B and highlight the future perspective of developing ginkgolide B as an effective therapeutic agent for treating atherosclerosis.

Objective To construct and identify an overexpressing recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the mouse nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 6 (NLRP6) gene (NM_133 946.2). Methods The coding sequence of the mouse NLRP6 gene was synthesized, digested with enzymes, and inserted into the adenovirus vector (GL2003). The transformed cells were then cultured in strain DH-5α, transformants were selected, and after identification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), samples were sent for sequencing and comparison. The expression of NLRP6 protein in the recombinant plasmid was validated using the Western blot. The recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-NLRP6 was obtained using the Admax packaging system, then transduced into HEK293 cells, amplified, purified, and the viral titer was determined afterwards. Results The successful integration of NLRP6 into the expression plasmid was confirmed through double enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Concurrent detection of the FLAG-tagged protein indicated a significant increase in the expression level of NLRP6. Recombinant adenovirus carrying NLRP6 were packaged and produced, followed by infecting HEK293 cells with the virus. The cellular expression of green fluorescent protein in Ad-NLRP6 indicated successful infection. The virus was collected, amplified, purified, and the viral titer was determined to be 4×10¹⁰ PFU/mL. Conclusion The overexpression recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the mouse NLRP6 gene has been successfully constructed, providing an effective tool for further exploring the molecular function of NLRP6.