Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a complex three-dimensional deformity involving coronal,sagittal,and axial planes,with a prevalence that should not be overlooked.With advancements in technology and in-depth research,an increasing number of hospitals and physicians are exploring standardized diagnostic and treatment approaches for AIS.Comprehensive and in-depth understanding is required for AIS,including its etiology,screening and diagnosis,classification,assessment and examination,treatment options,exploration of current focus,and evaluation of quality of life.Such understanding ensures that the diagnostic and treatment are scientific,standardized,and timely.Based on the principles of evidence-based medicine,a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of AIS is reached after multiple discussions among spinal surgery experts,aiming to provide reference and guidance for clinical practice.

Obesity has become a major global public health issue,and the situation in China is also becoming increasingly severe.Adipose tissue is categorized into white adipose tissue(WAT)and brown adipose tissue(BAT),which regulates metabolic homeostasis by secreting various adipokines.Mitochondria,as the core organelles of energy metabolism,its dysfunction are closely related to obesity.In the state of obesity,mitochondrial dynamics imbalance,oxidative stress,and metabolic dysfunction can all lead to energy metabolism disorders and adipose tissue dysfunction.Moreover,mitochondrial dysfunction not only affects adipose tissue but also extends to multiple organs such as muscles and livers,thereby exacerbating obesity and related metabolic diseases.In recent years,although numerous therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have been actively explored,their clinical translation faces challenges.This review explores the association between mitochondrial dysfunction in adipose tissue and obesity,analyses its mechanism and existing treatment strategies,aiming to provide a new perspective for the diagnosis and treatment of obesity.

ObjectiveTo introduce the Hr gene of spontaneously mutated SHJH^hr mice into BALB/cAShjh inbred mice with clear genetic background,and provide a basis for study on the molecular mechanism of Hr gene mutation-induced abnormal phenotype and the application of this model.Methods Using a backcross-intercross breeding method guided by phenotypic monitoring, mutant genes from SHJH^hr mice bred by spontaneous mutation were introduced into inbred BALB/cAShjh mice by homozygous mutation introgression, and the mice were bred into BALB/cA.Cg.SHJH^hr (abbreviated as C.Cg.SHJH^hr) mice after 10 generations. The genotypes of 90 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection sites were analyzed in C.Cg.SHJH^hr mice by multiplex PCR library construction followed by next generation sequencing. Then 14 biochemical locus marker genes were detected in C.Cg.SHJH^hr mice according to the method of GB/T 14927.1-2008. Finally, whole genome exon sequencing was utilized to detect the mutated genes in this mouse. ResultsFrom May 2018 to March 2022, a total of 10 generations of backcross-intercross were conducted to complete the construction of the C.Cg.SHJH^hr mouse line. Among the 90 SNPs loci detected, except for rs13484115 and rs13484116, all the other loci had the same genotype as the recipient mice BALB/cAShjh. The results of biochemical marker gene detection showed that all the 14 loci of the mouse were the same as those of the recipient mouse. Whole genome exon sequencing found that the mouse had 109 site mutations compared with the recipient mouse strain, including 71 synonymous mutations, 1 stopgain, 37 missense mutations, and 20 genes involved in protein sequence alterations (including the reported Hr gene). ConclusionC.Cg.SHJH^hr mice were created. Through exon sequencing and genetic analysis, three Hr mutated genes and associated mutated genes that mainly cause phenotypic variations were identified, which provides a basis for expanding the application of C.Cg.SHJH^hr mice in biomedical research.

Objective To measure and analyze biological characteristics and aging phenotype of SHJH^hr mice and provide basic data for the application of the mouse model in aging mechanisms research and antiaging drug development. MethodsWith ICR mice of the same age as control group, the body mass growth data of SHJH^hr mice at the age of 3 to 16 weeks, the reproduction ability of 1 to 4 fetuses and the life cycle of SHJH^hr mice were measured. Blood routine (30 items) and serum biochemical indexes (25 items) of 6-week-old SHJH^hr mice were measured. The venous blood of 8-week-old SHJH^hr mice was collected for flow cytometry analysis to determine the content of immune cells. The aging bone structure of the cancellous bone and bone mineral density of SHJH^hr mice aged 4, 8 and 26 weeks were measured by micro-CT. Histopathological changes of bone and joint of 8-week-old mice were observed. ResultsCompared with ICR mice, the female and male body mass of SHJH^hr mice were significantly lower at the age of 16 weeks (P < 0.05), and the reproductive performance of female mice was low (P < 0.01) or did not have normal reproductive capacity. The shortest survival time of SHJH^hr mice was 57 weeks and the longest was 71 weeks, which was shorter than those of normal ICR mice, showing obvious rapid aging phenomenon. At the same time, some physiological and biochemical indexes of blood and pathological changes of bone and cartilage tissues also showed the accelerated aging and abnormality of animal physiological functions. ConclusionSHJH^hr mice have some biological characteristics of rapid aging as well as some physiological and pathological changes caused by aging.

OBJECTIVE: Bo investigate the regulatory relationship between NKD1 and YWHAE and the mechanism of NKD1 for promoting tumor cell proliferation. METHODS: HCT116 cells transfected with pcDNA3.0-NKD1 plasmid, SW620 cells transfected with NKD1 siRNA, HCT116 cells with stable NKD1 overexpression (HCT116-NKD1 cells), SW620 cells with nkd1knockout (SW620-nkd1^-/- cells), and SW620-nkd1^-/- cells transfected with pcDNA3.0-YWHAE plasmid were examined for changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of YWHAE using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was used to detect the binding of NKD1 to the promoter region of YWHAE gene. The regulatory effect of NKD1 on YWHAE gene promoter activity was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and the interaction between NKD1 and YWHAE was analyzed with immunofluorescence assay. The regulatory effect of NKD1 on glucose uptake was examined in the tumor cells. RESULTS: In HCT116 cells, overexpression of NKD1 significantly enhanced the expression of YWHAE at both the mRNA and protein levels, while NKD1 knockout decreased its expression in SW620 cells (P < 0.001). ChIP assay showed that NKD1 protein was capable of binding to the YWHAE promoter sequence; dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that NKD1 overexpression (or knockdown) in the colon cancer cells significantly enhanced (or reduced) the transcriptional activity of YWHAE promoter (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay demonstrated the binding of NKD1 and YWHAE proteins in colon cancer cells. NKD1 knockout significantly reduced glucose uptake in colon cancer cells (P < 0.01), while YWHAE overexpression restored the glucose uptake in NKD1-knockout cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION NKD1 protein activates the transcriptional activity of YWHAE gene to promote glucose uptake in colon cancer cells.
Humans ; Colonic Neoplasms ; HCT116 Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; RNA, Messenger ; Glucose ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism* ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism* ; 14-3-3 Proteins/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate the status of knowledge, attitude and practice about first aid and influencing factors in key population, those who have frequent contacts with people and might be "first aid" promoter in general population of Beijing, and provide evidences for the promotion of first aid.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey based on the "Emergency Rescue Capacity Training Project". Using cluster sampling, we recruited 9 591 participants after the training in Beijing for survey with a self-designed questionnaire from October 2021 to March 2022.Results:In 9 591 participants, 98.58% knew the emergency call number, while only 32.00% knew how to identify sunstroke. The awareness rate of the definition of first aid and legal disclaimer were lower (63.61%, 75.91%). People's willingness to give first aid to others, including relative, acquaintance, stranger and vagrant, were different ( χ2=822.82, P<0.001). People were more likely to give first aid to relative, acquaintance and stranger compared with vagrant ( P<0.05). With the increase of psychological distance, the willingness to give first aid decreased ( Z=-26.57, P<0.001). According to the results of Logistic regression analysis, older age, higher annual family income and higher awareness of first aid related knowledge were contributing factors for giving first aid. In 1 529 people who met emergency, only 66 people (4.32%)did not give any first aid. Conclusions:The key population in Beijing has high awareness of first aid related knowledge and positive attitude of first aid after training. A high proportion of people performed first aid to others. Age, annual family income and awareness of first aid related knowledge were contributing factors for giving first aid.

To explore the clinical efficacy and possible mechanism of Tai Ji Quan for post-stroke depression (PSD), literature related to Tai Ji Quan and PSD were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full- text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM), and PubMed, screened and then summarized. The results showed that Tai Ji Quan could effectively improve the depression and quality of life of stroke patients, and there were differences in the clinical efficacy among different training programs. Tai Ji Quan has the characteristics of "regulating mind", "regulating breath", and "regulating body". It may achieve the effect of "combined physique-spirit treatment" by improving social psychology, increasing the level of neurotrophin, regulating neuroendocrine, reducing inflammatory factors, and regulating neural circuits.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly will seriously reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. For osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, spinal reconstruction is necessary, which should comprehensively consider factors such as the physical condition, fracture type, clinical characteristics and osteoporosis degree. While there lacks relevant clinical norms or guidelines on selection of spinal reconstruction strategies. In order to standardize the concept of spinal reconstruction for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, based on the principles of scientificity, practicality and progressiveness, the authors formulated the Clinical guideline for spinal reconstruction of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in elderly patients ( version 2022), in which suggestions based on evidence of evidence-based medicine were put forward upon 10 important issues related to the fracture classification, non-operative treatment strategies and surgical treatment strategies in spinal reconstruction after osteoporosis thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma of the extra-upper aerodigestive tract (extra-UADT NKTCL).Methods:The clinical data of 159 patients with extra-UADT NKTCL from the China Lymphoma Collaborative Group (CLCG) database between November 2001 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank test were used to evaluate the prognosis. The Cox regression model is used for multi-factor analysis.Results:Extra-UADT NKTCL commonly occurs in skin and soft tissues (106/159, 66.7%) and gastrointestinal tract (31/159, 19.5%). The incidences of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Ann Arbor Ⅲ~Ⅳ stage were 47.8% (76/159) and 64.2% (102/159), respectively. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 43.6% and 27.9%, respectively. The corresponding OS rates of primary skin/soft tissue site and gastrointestinal tract site were 41.0% and 59.4% ( P=0.281), while the PFS rates were 24.8% and 48.3%, respectively ( P=0.109). Combined modality treatment improved the 3-year OS of all the patients (58.4% vs 33.9%, P=0.001) and 3-year PFS (40.7% vs 20.7%, P=0.008) when compared with chemotherapy alone. LDH elevation, Ann Arbor synthesising and ≥2 junction external bits were intrusive as independent risk factors for total survival ( P<0.05), LDH elevation and ≥2 junction outer bits were intrusive as independent risk factors for progressionless survival( P<0.05). The distant extranodal dissemination was the primary failure patterns. Conclusions:Extra-UADT NKTCL appears to have distinct clinical characteristics and poor outcome. Compared with chemotherapy alone, combined modality treatment may improve the prognosis of patients with extra-UADT NKTCL.

Objective:To evaluate the prognosis and determine the failure patterns after radiotherapy for low-risk early-stage patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type (ENKTCL).Methods:A total of 557 patients from 2000—2015 with low-risk early-stage ENKTCL who received radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CT) from China Lymphoma Collaborative Group were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 427 patients received combined modality therapy, whereas 130 patients received RT alone. Survivals were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Log-rank test. Overall survival (OS) was compared with age and sex-matched general Chinese population using expected survival and standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Cox stepwise regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The 5-year OS and progression-free survival (PFS) were 87.2% and 77.2%. The SMR was 3.59 ( P<0.001) at 1 year after treatment, whereas it was 1.50 at 4 years after treatment, without significant difference between ENKTCL group and country-matched general population ( P=0.146). Compared with RT alone, CMT did not result in significantly superior 5-year OS (87.0% vs 87.4%, P=0.961) or PFS (76.1% vs 80.7%, P=0.129). Local failure (11.5%, 64/557) and distant failure (10.8%, 60/557) were the main failure modes, while regional failure was rare (2.9%, 16/557). The 5-year locoregional control rate (LRC) was 87.2% for the whole group, with 89.5% for ≥50 Gy versus 73.7% for <50 Gy ( P<0.001). Radiotherapy dose was an independent factor affecting LRC( P<0.05). Conclusions:Radiotherapy achieves a favorable prognosis in patients with low-risk early-stage ENKTCL. The incidence of either locoregional or distant failure is low. Radiation dose still is an important prognostic factor for LRC.