BACKGROUND: While emotional distress, encompassing anxiety and depression, has been associated with negative clinical outcomes, its impact across various clinical departments and general hospitals has been less explored. Previous studies with limited sample sizes have examined the effectiveness of specific treatments (e.g., antidepressants) rather than a systemic management strategy for outcome improvement in non-psychiatric inpatients. To enhance the understanding of the importance of addressing mental health care needs among non-psychiatric patients in general hospitals, this study retrospectively investigated the impacts of emotional distress and the effects of early detection and management of depression and anxiety on hospital length of stay (LOS) and rate of long LOS (LLOS, i.e., LOS >30 days) in a large sample of non-psychiatric inpatients. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 487,871 inpatients from 20 non-psychiatric departments of a general hospital. They were divided, according to whether they underwent a novel strategy to manage emotional distress which deployed the Huaxi Emotional Distress Index (HEI) for brief screening with grading psychological services (BS-GPS), into BS-GPS ( n = 178,883) and non-BS-GPS ( n = 308,988) cohorts. The LOS and rate of LLOS between the BS-GPS and non-BS-GPS cohorts and between subcohorts with and without clinically significant anxiety and/or depression (CSAD, i.e., HEI score ≥11 on admission to the hospital) in the BS-GPS cohort were compared using univariable analyses, multilevel analyses, and/or propensity score-matched analyses, respectively. RESULTS: The detection rate of CSAD in the BS-GPS cohort varied from 2.64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.49%-2.81%) to 20.50% (95% CI: 19.43%-21.62%) across the 20 departments, with a average rate of 5.36%. Significant differences were observed in both the LOS and LLOS rates between the subcohorts with CSAD (12.7 days, 535/9590) and without CSAD (9.5 days, 3800/169,293) and between the BS-GPS (9.6 days, 4335/178,883) and non-BS-GPS (10.8 days, 11,483/308,988) cohorts. These differences remained significant after controlling for confounders using propensity score-matched comparisons. A multilevel analysis indicated that BS-GPS was negatively associated with both LOS and LLOS after controlling for sociodemographics and the departments of patient discharge and remained negatively associated with LLOS after controlling additionally for the year of patient discharge. CONCLUSION Emotional distress significantly prolonged the LOS and increased the LLOS of non-psychiatric inpatients across most departments and general hospitals. These impacts were moderated by the implementation of BS-GPS. Thus, BS-GPS has the potential as an effective, resource-saving strategy for enhancing mental health care and optimizing medical resources in general hospitals.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Psychological Distress ; Inpatients/psychology* ; Aged ; Anxiety/diagnosis* ; Depression/diagnosis*

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), also known as Masson tumor, is a rare vascular benign tumor of blood vessels. It may occur in any part of the body, especially the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue of the head, neck, fingers and trunk. The imaging and histopathology of IPEH are similar to hemangiosarcoma, especially in the case of active vascular endothelial hyperplasia. IPEH is a reactive proliferative lesion of vascular intima. The etiology is still unclear. After some studies showed that IPEH was a benign lesion, few reports on the etiology of it were reported. IPEH is usually limited to the thrombotic vessels or lumens of vascular malformations, usually accompanied by a clear history of trauma. IPEH usually does not cause any symptoms. It looks like a slow-growing lump. Some cases have been reported with pain and swelling. Although IPEH is relatively rare, its accurate diagnosis is crucial because it may be similar to malignant angiogenic lesions in clinical practice. There were few reports of cases related to intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia located in the sternocleidomastoid muscle after reviewing the domestic and foreign literature in recent 10 years. This case reports that a young male, who was admitted to the hospital one month after finding a subcutaneous tumor in the left neck. After admittance, relevant preoperative examinations were completed. After multi-disciplinary discussion and elimination of surgical contraindications, a specific surgical plan was formulated. The tumor was removed under local anesthesia on the second day after admission. During the operation, it was found that the tumor was located between the sternocleidomastoid muscle bundles, and it was sent for pathologic examination. Paraffin section pathology was reported after operation. Histological examination showed that the morphology was consistent with vascular endothelial papillary hyperplasia. There were no related surgical complications and recurrence in the 3-month follow-up. The purpose of this paper is to provide clinicians with a certain understanding of this rare disease through the report of this case of IPEH, and to identify it in later clinical work, and at the same time, to avoid confusion with malignant diseases, such as hemangiosarcoma, leading to unnecessary treatment and increase the cost of treatment.
Humans ; Male ; Endothelium, Vascular/pathology* ; Hemangioendothelioma/surgery* ; Hyperplasia/pathology* ; Neck Muscles/surgery* ; Vascular Neoplasms/pathology*

OBJECTIVES: The core pathology of osteoporosis lies in bone resorption exceeding bone formation; thus, promoting osteogenesis is a key therapeutic strategy. The osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) forms the biological basis of bone formation. Astragaloside IV (A-IV), a major active component of Astragalus membranaceus, is known to enhance osteogenesis, but its precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of A-IV on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs from osteoporotic rats and to elucidate its molecular mechanism through the regulation of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and Notch2 expression. METHODS: After 1 week of adaptive feeding, mature female SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated (Sham) group (n=4) and an ovariectomized (OVX) group (n=8) to establish an osteoporosis model. Twelve weeks after surgery, BMSCs were isolated from femoral bone marrow and cultured. Cells were divided into a S-BMSCs group (from Sham), an O-BMSCs group (from OVX), and an A-BMSCs group (from OVX-derived BMSCs treated with A-IV). S-BMSCs and O-BMSCs were induced for osteogenic differentiation using osteogenic induction medium, whereas A-BMSCs were treated with A-IV before induction. Flow cytometry was used to identify mesenchymal stem cell surface markers (CD29) and hematopoietic stem cell marker (CD34) to confirm BMSC characteristics. Cell proliferation was assessed using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Alizarin red staining was performed to quantify calcium nodule formation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays were used to evaluate osteogenic differentiation. Real-time reverse transcription PCR (real-time RT-PCR) was used to detect changes in osteogenic-related genes, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteopontin (OPN), as well as miR-21 expression. Western blotting was performed to assess Runx2, OPN, and Notch2 protein expression. RESULTS: Flow cytometry confirmed that O-BMSCs retained the phenotypic characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. A-IV significantly enhanced the proliferation of BMSCs from osteoporotic rats (P<0.05), increased ALP activity, and upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of Runx2 and OPN (P<0.05). Bioinformatic and experimental analyses demonstrated that miR-21 directly targeted Notch2. A-IV treatment increased miR-21 expression while suppressing Notch2 protein expression and inhibiting activation of the Notch signaling pathway (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Astragaloside IV promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs derived from osteoporotic rats by upregulating miR-21 expression and inhibiting the key Notch signaling protein Notch2, thereby relieving the Notch2-mediated suppression of osteogenesis.
Animals ; Triterpenes/pharmacology* ; Saponins/pharmacology* ; Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Female ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects* ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Osteoporosis/pathology* ; Rats ; Cells, Cultured ; Receptor, Notch2/metabolism* ; Receptors, Notch/metabolism* ; Ovariectomy ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects*

Objective : To investigate the fertility level of registered population in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality and the incidence of adverse birth outcomes of live births from 2013 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for improving maternal and child health care strategies. Methods: The data pertaining to live births registered in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2022 were collected through the Shanghai Birth Medical Information System, including the basic information of live births and maternal fertility. The indicators such as fertility level, parity, birth age and incidence of adverse birth outcomes of live births were descriptively analyzed. The trend of crude birth rate and total fertility rate was analyzed by annual percent change (APC). Results: A total of 56 719 live births were registered in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2022. The crude birth rate was 6.54‰, the total fertility rate was 31.78‰, and the sex ratio at birth was 105.61. The crude birth rate showed a downward trend from 2016 to 2022 (APC=-11.054%, P<0.05), and the total fertility rate showed a downward trend from 2017 to 2022 (APC=-10.377%, P<0.05). The proportion of second parity and above showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2017 (P<0.05) and a decreasing trend from 2017 to 2022 (P<0.05). The maternal childbearing age showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2022 (P<0.05), the incidence of premature infants and low birth weight infants showed an increasing trend (both P<0.05). The incidence of premature infants and low birth weight infants increased with the rising childbearing age (both P<0.05). Conclusions The fertility level in Baoshan District was relatively low from 2013 to 2022. The proportion of second parity and above showed an upward trend followed by a downward trend. The incidence of premature infants and low birth weight infants increased with the rising childbearing age.

Wuhutang is the 51st Chinese medicine prescription of Han ethnic group on in the catalogue of ancient classical prescriptions （the second batch） ，which originated from Renzhai' Straight Diections Prescriptions （《仁斋直指方》） by YANG Shiying in the Song dynasty，it is composed of 5 medicines， including Ephedrae Herba，Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， tea and Gypsum Fibrosum. It treats shortness of breath and phlegm. Following the principle of textual research on the key information of ancient classical famous prescriptions， the author collected and recorded the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine of Wuhutang with the method of Bibliometrics， and screened out 53 valid data， involving 41 ancient books. Based on the historical evolution， drug composition， main treatment of disease and syndrome， drug dosage， method of preparation and usage， drug origin and processing， the author conducted a dig and a systematic study of Wuhutang. The results show that：in the later generations， besides inheriting the original prescription， the composition of medicine was added or subtracted， and the frequency of addition of Mori Cortex was the most；in the treatment of disease and syndrome， most of them inherited the original prescription mainly treating asthma syndrome， also see in the treatment of asthma， cough and other lung disease， in the drug dosage and method of use ， it is suggested to inherit the original prescription， the dosage of each medicine is： Ephedrae Herba 2.89 g， Armeniacae Semen Amarum 4.13 g， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 1.65 g， tea 3.30 g， Gypsum Fibrosum 6.20 g， decoction， take warm clothes before eating；on the source of medcine，ephedra is made from the dried herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica （Ephedraceae），bitter almond is made from the dried and mature seeds of Prunus armeniaca （Rosaceae），Licorice is made from the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis（Legumes）， tea is made from the buds leaves of Camellia sinensis（Camellia），plaster is made from Gypsum Fibrosum of sulfate mineral gypsum family. At the same time， we collected and sorted the modern clinical application literature of Wuhutang， and obtained 73 effective literatures， all of which are for the treatment of respiratory system diseases， especially for children's pneumonia and asthma， and mostly belong to"phlegm-heat obstructing the lung syndrome". Through the analysis and study of ancient books and modern applied literature， the historical evolution and prescription evolution of Wuhutang are clarified， and its key information is determined， in order to provide more accurate reference for the research and development of the classic Wuhutang and the rational addition and subtraction of the application.

Objective: To analyze the results of colorectal cancer screening among residents in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2013 to 2021, so as to provide the basis for promoting colorectal cancer screening and prevention. Methods: Permanent residents aged 50 to 74 years in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2021 were selected as the screening population. The initial screening was conducted using a risk assessment form and fecal occult blood test. Positive results on either the risk assessment form or fecal occult blood test were considered positive for the initial screening. Participants with positive initial screening results were invited to undergo colonoscopy. The positive rate of the initial screening, colonoscopy compliance rate, and colonoscopy results were analyzed. Results: A total of 264 907 individuals underwent the initial colorectal cancer screening in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2021, with 65 333 individuals (24.66%) testing positive. Among them, the positive rate of the risk assessment form was 12.16%, and the positive rate of fecal occult blood test was 14.64%. A total of 14 473 individuals completed colonoscopy, with a compliance rate of 22.15%. A total of 1 284 precancerous lesions were detected, with a detection rate of 8.87%, and 386 cases of colorectal cancer were identified, with a detection rate of 2.67%. The positive rate of the initial screening, colonoscopy compliance rate, precancerous lesion detection rate, and colorectal cancer detection rate were higher in males than in females (25.55% vs. 24.06%, 23.12% vs. 21.45%, 11.60% vs. 6.74%, 3.62% vs. 1.93%, all P<0.05). With increasing age, the positive rate of the initial screening increased, the colonoscopy compliance rate decreased, the precancerous lesion detection rate and colorectal cancer detection rate increased (all P<0.05). From 2013 to 2021, the positive rate of the initial screening among residents showed a downward trend, while the colonoscopy compliance rate showed an upward trend (both P<0.05). Conclusions The detection rate of precancerous lesions in colorectal cancer was 8.87%, and the detection rate of colorectal cancer was 2.67% in Baoshan District from 2013 to 2021. Male and older individuals were the key populations for screening, and the colonoscopy compliance among residents needs to be improved.

Background Due to the prominent particularity of medical work,nurses are prone to developing depression,which not only poses a considerable threat to the physical and mental health of nurses,but also affects the quality of nursing to some extent.Occupational stress is a known contributor to depression in nurses,whereas relatively little research has been done to investigate the underlying mediation path.Objective To explore the mediation effect of perceived organizational support and psychological capital on the relationship between occupational stress and depression among nurses,and to provide theoretical references for the prevention and treatment of occupational stress-induced depression in nurses.Methods From March to August 2019,a stratified random sampling method was utilized to select a sample size of 720 nurses in each department of a grade A tertiary hospital in Shandong Province.All subjects were assessed using Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire(ERI),Perceived Organization Support Questionnaire(POS),Psychological Capital Questionnaire(PCQ)and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D).Pearson correlation was adopted to examine the correlation among above scales,and multilevel mediation analyses were conducted with model 6 in Process macro(version 3.3)for SPSS 26.0 using Bootstrap re-sampling method.Results A total of 658 nurses(91.39%)completed the effective questionnaire survey.ERI score was positively correlated with CES-D score(r=0.499,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with POS and PCQ scores(r=-0.318,-0.275,P<0.01).POS score was positively correlated with PCQ score(r=0.455,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with CES-D score(r=-0.401,P<0.01).PCQ score was negatively correlated with CES-D score(r=-0.567,P<0.01).The total effect value of occupational stress on depression was 0.466(95%CI:0.399～0.534).Perceived organizational support(indirect effect value of 0.027,95%CI:0.006～0.057)and psychological capital(indirect effect value of 0.059,95%CI:0.013～0.120),separately from each other,mediated the relationship between occupational stress and depression,and a chained mediation effect of perceived organizational support and psychological capital was also demonstrated(indirect effect value of 0.051,95%CI:0.031～0.082),accounting for 10.94%of the total effect.Conclusion Occupational stress is a influencing factor of nurses' depression,which can affect the occurrence of depression both directly and indirectly through either separate or chained mediation of perceived organizational support and psychological capital.

Objective To investigate potential causative associations between immunophenotype traits and cervical cancer by using two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods The genetic instrumental variables(IVs)of 731 immunophenotypes of peripheral blood were obtained from the GWAS Catalog database.The GWAS summary data of cervical cancer were obtained from FinnGen database.The inverse-variance weighted(IVW),weighted mode,weighted median,and MR Egger methods were used for evaluations.The sensitivity analysis and reverse Mendelian randomization analysis were conducted to eliminate bias and reverse causality.The MR Steiger directionality test was further used to ascertain the reverse causal relationship between immune cells and cervical cancer.Results A total of 71 immune cell subtypes associated with cervical cancer were identified,of which 31 had a strong association.The majority of the B cell panel was protective factors for cervical cancer.B-cell activating factor receptor(BAFF-R)was the most frequently expressed molecule in this analysis.It is expressed on several B cell subtypes.The CD20 on IgD+CD38+B cell(OR=1.887,95%CI:1.078-3.306,P=0.026)is the risk factor for cervical cancer.In cDC panels,the CD123 expression on plasmacytoid dendritic cell(OR=2.48,95%CI:1.229-5.003,P=0.011),CD123 expression on CD62L+plasmacytoid dendritic cell(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.231-5.077,P=0.011),CD80 expression on plasmacytoid dendritic cell(OR=2.62,95%CI:1.244-5.515,P=0.011),and CD80 expression on CD62L+plasmacytoid dendritic cell(OR=2.641,95%CI:1.246-5.596,P=0.011)were positively associated with the incidence of cervical cancer.All gynecological cancers in this study have no statistically significant effect on immune cells,according to reverse MR analysis.Conclusion This study emphasized the genetically predicted causality between immune cells and cervical cancer.In clinical practice,it is important to pay attention to the screening of peripheral blood immune cells for patients with cervical cancer.

Objective: To explore prevalence and associated factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in overweight and obese children in Hohhot City, so as to provide the oretical basis for developing health education plans and implementing prevention and treatment of NAFLD in children. Methods: A total of 156 overweight and obese children was enrolled from 4 primary schools in Hohhot City using cluster sampling method during 28th Aug. 2022 to 5th Mar. 2023. Height and weight were measured and body mass index was calculated, and fasting blood was taken in the early morning for fasting blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase. Single factor analysis was conducted using ttest, χ2 test and Fishers exact probability method, while multivariate analysis was conducted using Logistic regression analysis and subject characteristic curves. Results: The differences in age, waist circumference, hip circumference, fasting glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase, uric acid, and triglyceride were statistically significant between the nonNAFLD and the NAFLD group (U/t=1 070.0-2 164.0, P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and uric acid levels (AST OR=1.16, 95%CI=1.04-1.28; uric OR=1.01, 95%CI=1.00-1.01, P<0.05). The area under a receiver operating characteristic were 0.737 for aspartate aminotransferase and 0.665 for uric acid, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of NAFLD is high in overweight/obese children in Hohhot, and both elevated aspartate aminotransferase and hyperuricemia could increase the risk of NAFLD in overweight/obese children. Special attention should be paid to the NAFLD in overweight and obese children. It is recommended to reduce both BMI and uric level in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD to achieve better treatment outcomes.