Sepsis is a critical illness with high morbidity and mortality. Anaerobic glycolysis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) serves as a key regulator during sepsis. With PDHC dephosphorylation and deacetylation, PDHC activity is upregulated, allowing pyruvate translocate to mitochondria in aerobic condition, preceding the production of acetyl-CoA to accelerate aerobic oxidation. Activation of PDHC improves the prognosis of sepsis through regulating the balance of lactate, release of inflammatory factors and energy metabolism. A variety of remedies can improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis by up-regulating the activity of PDHC, including dichloroacetate (DCA), vitamin B1, milrinone, tumor necrosis factor binding protein, and ciprofloxacin.This article reviews the role and the regulatory mechanism of PDHC and signal pathway in the sepsis metabolism, in order to innovate treatment for sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and genotypes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in Dongguan region of Guangdong Province and assess the efficacy and feasibility of flow-through hybridization. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were randomly selected and detected by modified G6PD/6PGD ratio method. Flow-through hybridization was used to detect 14 G6PD mutations among all samples. RESULTS: In total 1005 samples were collected, the detection rate for modified G6PD/6PGD ratio method and flow-through hybridization were 2.79% and 20.90%, respectively. The consistency of the two methods was poor(Kappa=0.187). When c.1311C>T mutation is excluded, the consistency of the two methods was good for males (Kappa=0.952) but still poor for females (Kappa=0.194). The most common mutations were c.1376G>T, c.1388G>A and c.95A>G. No G6PD deficiency was found among those only carrying the c.1311C>T mutation. CONCLUSION Flow-through hybridization can simultaneously detect 14 loci, covering over 90% of common mutations in Chinese population, and can be easily expanded. The routine method may miss many females carrying homozygous, compound heterozygous and heterozygous mutations, but the detection rate for male hemizygous mutation was much higher.
China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation

Objective:To investigate the current use situation of hemostatics in preventing re-bleeding in the patients with sub-arachnoid hemorrhage. Methods:The records of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage were selected from a hospital in 2016 and the types,dosage,course and drug adverse reactions of hemostatics were recorded and evaluated according to the drug information leaflets/related guideline,drug utilization researches and adverse drug actions monitoring. Results:Totally 81 cases with hemostatics involved 3 varieties of hemostatic drugs,the combination proportion was 16.05%,the reasonable use rate was 86.42%,the reasonable rate of administration route was 100%,the reasonable solvent rate was 98.77% and the course no more than 72 h was 88.89%. The drug uti-lization index of etamsylate injection and tranexamic acid injection was greater than one,indicating that the dosage was unreasonable. There were no adverse reactions in the 81 cases.Conclusion:The use of hemostatics in the patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage is common,and there is still unreasonable use (such as dosage and course etc) that we should pay attention to.

Objective To investigate the effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on the osteoblastic differentiation of murine MC3T3-E1 cells and its mechanism related to the Wnt signaling pathway.Methods The murine MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into 4 groups according to the stimulators added:phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (control) and different concentrations of NPY (10-8 mol/L,10-10 mol/L and 10-12 mol/L).The cellular proliferation was detected with MTT assay after 1,3,5,7 and 9 days.The cells were identified with cell immunochemistry and Western Blot to find out the most effective concentration of NPY at different time points under osteoblastic condition.The cells were then divided into 4 groups:PBS,NPY,NPY + NPY receptor antagonist,and NPY + DKK1.Western blot was used to determine the expression of β3-catenin and p-GSK-3β in each group.Nuclear signaling activity of β3-catenin was observed using immunofluorescence staining.Results NPY significantly improved the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells at 7 and 9 days (P ＜0.05).NPY (10s mol/L and 10-10 mol/L) groups and NPY (10-10 mol/L and 10-12 mol/L) groups significantly improved the ALP activity at 4 and 14 days respectively (P ＜ 0.05).At 4 days,the expression of ALP protein was significantly decreased in the NPY + DKK1 group and the NPY + NPY receptor antagonist group compared with that in the NPY group (P ＜ 0.05).Although the expression levels of [β-catenin and p-GSK-3β protein were uninfluenced in either case,NPY significantly stimulated the nuclear signaling activity of β3-catenin.Conclusions NPY may significantly increase the expression of ALP protein in MC3T3-E1 ceils during osteoblastic differentiation.This effect might be mediated through the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE:To effectively control the quality of intravenous infusion product of antitumor drugs in PIVAS,and to guarantee the safety of clinical drug use. METHODS:According to the operation flow of intravenous infusion product,the quality control of anti-tumor drugs was conducted in PIVAS of our hospital from three aspects,i.e. before,during and after admixture. The improvement effect was compared before and after the implementation. RESULTS:Pre-admixture management was carried out through special classification management and medical order check management for antitumor drug;intra-admixture management was carried out through the management of admixture environment,solvent selection,admixture method,order for adding drug, dosage;post-admixture management was carried out through standard examination of infusion product and the management of deliv-ery time and condition. 5 months later,the times of communication between PIVAS and clinical departments was decreased from 30 times to 10 times,and the incidence of infusion product was decreased from 0.68% to 0.18%. CONCLUSIONS:Standard man-agement has been conducted for operation procedure of anti-tumor drugs before,during and after admixture. The quality of intrave-nous infusion product of antitumor drugs can be effectively controlled to ensure the safety of clinical drug use.

Right-sided cardiac valvular diseases have traditionally been considered less important than disease of mitral or aortic valve. However, severe tricuspid regurgitation could lead to right ventricle dysfunction and reduce patients' survival rate. In clinic setting, tricuspid valve disease should be paid more attention for patients with secondary tricuspid regurgitation caused by left-sided valvular surgery combined with irreversible annular dilatation increasing the risk of reoperation. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology, anatomy, pathology, diagnosis, ultrasound and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with tricuspid regurgitation.
Echocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Valve Diseases ; diagnosis ; Heart Ventricles ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

OBJECTIVE: To determine the time course and potential mechanism of fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) in the regulation of adipogenesis.
 METHODS: We cultured human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) pre-adipocytes with recombinant FGF-1 and harvested cells at various stages prior to and during differentiation; at cell proliferation (D-3), confluence (D0), early (D3), middle (D7) and mature (D14) stages of differentiation. We determined lipid accumulation in mature adipocytes by morphological observation and quantitative measurement of oil red O staining. We also examined the expression of adipogenic genes and related markers involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway using quantitative Real-time PCR and Western blot.
 RESULTS: Compared to control SGBS cells, treatment with FGF-1 increased lipid accumulation; induced a sustained increase in the mRNA for peroxisome proliferater-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), adiponectin and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4); and promoted a sustained decrease in expression of markers of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, β-catenin and transcription factor 4 (TCF4).
 CONCLUSION The adipogenic effects of FGF-1 are apparent throughout the whole priming and differentiation period in human SGBS pre-adipocytes. Furthermore, our results suggest that FGF-1 
promotes adipogenesis, at least in part, via a sustained decrease in activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Adipocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Adipogenesis ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factor 4 ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

Objective To explore the influence of knowing about disease on hope level,anxiety and depression of patients with gastric cancer.Methods 120 gastric cancer patients were examined by Herth Hope Index,Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD).Results Gastric cancer patients who did not know about their diseases accounted for 67.5％.Scores of hope level,anxiety and depression of patients were not obviously different between knowing and not knowing about disease groups.The relevant factors that affected the level of hope in gastric cancer patients were anxiety and family income.Conclusions The knowing or not knowing about disease are not the influencing factors that affected the hope level in gastric cancer patients as well as anxiety and depression.The relevant factors that affected the level of hope in gastric cancer patients are anxiety and family income.Patients can benefit from more factual information about the diagnosis.

The purpose of this study is to explore the clinical value of ECG-gated dual-source CT angiography (DSCTA) in evaluating pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA-VSD). We carried out retrospective analysis on 20 patients who had DSCTA with PA-VSD. The emphasis of the work was on analyzing the types of PA-VSD, pulmonary artery development, major aorto-pulmonary artery collateral arteries (MAPCAs) and associated intra- and extra-cardiac malformations. In the 20 cases of PA-VSD, there were 6 cases of type A , 13 cases of type B, and 1 case of type C. 12 cases of the patients had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The pulmonary blood flow was mainly supplied by PDA in 6 cases and by MAPCAs in the rest of 14 cases. The diameter of MAPCAs was (7.2 +/- 3.4) mm (range, 2.0-14.3 mm). The experiments proved that ECG-gated DSCTA was a convenient and noninvasive cardiovascular imaging method, and it could accurately evaluate the types of PA-VSD, pulmonary artery development, MAPCAs, and it could also provide detailed anatomic information before surgery.
Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnostic imaging ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Angiography ; methods ; Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Contrast Media ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pulmonary Atresia ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdale (CeA) in food and water intake.

METHODSMale Sprague-Dawley rats with stainless steel cannulae implanted unilaterally into the CeA were used. The prototypic NMDA receptor agonist NMDA, or the selective NMDA receptor antagonist D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (D-AP-5) was microinjected into the CeA of satiated and euhydrated rats.

RESULTSIntra-CeA injection of 8.50, 17.00, or 34.00 nmol NMDA did not alter food intake but significantly increased water intake 0-1 h after the injection (F(3,32)=3.191, P=0.037) independent of food intake. Without affecting the food intake, injection of 6.34, 12.70, or 25.40 nmol D-AP-5 into the CeA significantly decreased water intake 0-1 h after the injection (F(3,28)=3.118, P=0.042) independent of food intake.

CONCLUSIONNMDA receptors in the CeA may participate in the control of water intake rather than food intake.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate ; pharmacology ; Amygdala ; drug effects ; Animals ; Drinking ; drug effects ; Eating ; drug effects ; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists ; pharmacology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; N-Methylaspartate ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; agonists ; antagonists & inhibitors