Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of dexmetomidine (DEX) in improving lung injury in septic mice.Methods:Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the blank group (NC), sham operation group (sham), cecal ligation and puncture group (CLP), and Dex treatment group (CLP+DEX), 36 mice per group. Mice in the CLP group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL sterile saline 15 min before CLP, and mice in the CLP + DEX group were intraperitoneally injected with 50 μg/kg DEX 15 min before CLP. The survival rate was recorded within 24 h after CLP. The mice were sacrificed at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after CLP, and lung tissues were collected. The expression levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and lncRNA-HOTAIR in the lung of mice were detected by qPCR. RAW264.7 cell were cultured in vitro, LPS (100 ng/mL) and DEX (1 μ mol/L) were used to establish a cell model for studying the mechanism of Dex, and the expression of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and lncRNA-HOTAIR in RAW264.7 cell model were detected by qPCR. In addition, the effect of lncRNA-HOTAIR on sepsis was explored in vivo and in vitro by knockdown or overexpression of HOTAIR.Results:The survival rate of the CLP+DEX group was higher than that of the CLP group within 24 h after surgery, and the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the lungs were significantly lower than those in the CLP group at 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery ( P<0.05). In addition, the level of lncRNA HOTAIR showed that the expression level of lncRNA HOTAIR in the lungs of mice were decreased after Dex treatment, and were decreased 1.1 times ( P<0.05), 4.0 times ( P<0.01) and 3.8 times ( P<0.01) at 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. Compared with the NC group, knockdown of HOTAIR significantly decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in septic mice ( P<0.05), and overexpression of HOTAIR significantly increased the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in septic mice ( P<0.01). Conclusions:DEX can reduce the production of inflammatory factors in the lungs of septic mice and improve the survival rate of septic mice. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of HOTAIR expression.

DNA barcoding has been widely used for herb identification in recent decades,enabling safety and innovation in the field of herbal medicine.In this article,we summarize recent progress in DNA bar-coding for herbal medicine to provide ideas for the further development and application of this tech-nology.Most importantly,the standard DNA barcode has been extended in two ways.First,while conventional DNA barcodes have been widely promoted for their versatility in the identification of fresh or well-preserved samples,super-barcodes based on plastid genomes have rapidly developed and have shown advantages in species identification at low taxonomic levels.Second,mini-barcodes are attractive because they perform better in cases of degraded DNA from herbal materials.In addition,some mo-lecular techniques,such as high-throughput sequencing and isothermal amplification,are combined with DNA barcodes for species identification,which has expanded the applications of herb identification based on DNA barcoding and brought about the post-DNA-barcoding era.Furthermore,standard and high-species coverage DNA barcode reference libraries have been constructed to provide reference se-quences for species identification,which increases the accuracy and credibility of species discrimination based on DNA barcodes.In summary,DNA barcoding should play a key role in the quality control of traditional herbal medicine and in the international herb trade.

Objective To analyze the application of intelligent speech follow-up system in sec-ondary prevention of ischemic stroke(IS).Methods A total of 842 IS patients who received intra-venous thrombolysis were randomly divided into intelligent group and artificial group.In the artificial group,corresponding intelligent follow-up templates were developed for the main risk factors affecting the occurrence of IS.The intelligent follow-up system determined the follow-up time and period ac-cording to the reserved information of patients when they were discharged,automatically called out the patients'home conditions for follow-up,and converted the response contents into text mode for out-put.The artificial group was followed up by professionally trained nursing staff,and the follow-up con-tent was the same as that of the intelligent group.Call out,hypertension,diabetes,medication,exer-cise,average call time and satisfaction of follow-up in the two groups were collected.Results The tel-ephone connection rates showed no statistical significances between two groups(P＞0.05).During the follow-up calls,the correct recognition rate of follow-up contents in the intelligent group was low-er,and therateof unwillingness to cooperate and call interruption rate were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the percentages of au-tomatic message leaving,inconvenient answering,resident death,family members unable to answer and number error between the two groups(P＞0.05),and there was no statistical significance in the distribution of disconnected calls between the two groups(P＞0.05).In the effective follow-up calls,there was no statistical significance in the answers to questions related to hypertension and diabetes,compliance and exercise between the two groups(P＞0.05).The average call duration in the intel-ligent group was significantly shorter,and follow-up satisfaction was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Intelligent voice follow-up system can replace manual telephone follow-up to a certain extent,and help medical staff understand the compliance of home blood pres-sure,blood sugar,medication,exercise and secondary prevention in IS patients,and can save fol-low-up time and improve follow-up efficiency compared with manual follow-up,but its language rec-ognition and improvement of cooperation rate still need to be optimized.

H 1-antihistamines are widely used in the treatment of various allergic diseases, but there are still many challenges in the safe and rational use of H 1-antihistamines in pediatrics, and there is a lack of guidance on the prescription review of H 1-antihistamines for children.In this paper, suggestions are put forward from the indications, dosage, route of administration, pathophysiological characteristics of children with individual difference and drug interactions, so as to provide reference for clinicians and pharmacists.

Objective To analyze the demographic data,CT characteristics,treatment methods and follow-up results of patients with spontaneous isolated dissection of celiac artery(SIDCA)and to explore the selection of treatment strategy for SIDCA.Methods Medical records of 31 patients diagnosed as SIDCA were selected.The patients were divided into 2 groups,symptomatic group and asymptotic group.Demographic data,morbidity season,CT characteristics(type,distance of the entry site from the origin of the artery,dissection length,compression rate of the true lumen,branches involvement,organ ischemia,coexisting vasculopathy),treatment methods,and follow-up results were analyzed.Results Thirty-one patients were identified by CT contrast scan,22 were symptomatic and 9 were asymptomatic.22 patients were first diagnosed in cooler season,compared with 9 patients in warmer season(22 vs 9,Fisher's exact test,P=0.029).The difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups about branches involvement in patients was significant(8/14 vs 0/9,Fisher's exact test,P=0.007).Treatment included observation in 24,endovascular intervention in 6 patients and surgical repair in 1 patient.No patient required bowel resection.The mean follow-up period was 13.75 months.Except for 2 patients,the condition of the remaining patients improved or stabilized during follow-up.Conclusion The difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups about branches involvement in patients is significant.Initial conservative treatment may be adequate for patients without end organ malperfusion or aneurysm formation or aneurysm rupture in SIDCA.Additionally,during the cooler season,visceral artery should be observed carefully on abdominal contrast CT,especially in the patient with abdominal pain,to avoid misdiagnosis.

Abstract: Objective To observe the phenotypic characteristics of 3 wild-type plague phages under different experimental environments, providing scientific evidence for the identification of phage biological characteristics and the study of their interaction with host bacteria in the future. Methods The sensitivity of 3 wild-type plague phages were detected by using liquid culture method, emisolid medium method and micro-liquid culture method based on OmniLog TM microbial identification system. Results The growth result based on LB liquid medium showed that the growth of plague phage 476 for 20-24 hours at both 28 ℃ and 37 ℃was better than that of plague phages 087 and 072204 at 37 ℃, and the growth of plague phages 087 was better than that of plague phages 072204 at 37 ℃. With the attenuated plague bacterium EV76 as the host bacterium, phage 476 was able to form visible plaque on double-layer agar medium for 20-20 hours at both 28 ℃ and 37 ℃, phages 087 and 072204 were only able to form opaque plaque on double-layer agar medium for 20-24 hours at 37 ℃. The growth results based on OmniLogTM system showed that when plague phage was lysed in EV76 strain at 33 ℃, the first row appeared as a straight line with a peak of no more than 100 in the 96-well microplate curve chart. As the phage quantity decreased, the dilution plate appeared with growth curve similar to EV76 strain in turn, and the color of tetrazolium dyes in the experimental wells gradually deepened as the phage number decreased and the host bacteria number increased. Therefore, it indicates that phage 476 was sensitively at both 28 ℃ and 37 ℃, while phage 087 and 072204 were temperature-dependent only at 37 ℃ to attenuated plague bacterium EV76. Conclusions The lysing ability of 3 wild-type plague phages are temperature-dependent, and the growth results are consistent under the three experimental conditions.

Objective To analyze the application of intelligent speech follow-up system in sec-ondary prevention of ischemic stroke(IS).Methods A total of 842 IS patients who received intra-venous thrombolysis were randomly divided into intelligent group and artificial group.In the artificial group,corresponding intelligent follow-up templates were developed for the main risk factors affecting the occurrence of IS.The intelligent follow-up system determined the follow-up time and period ac-cording to the reserved information of patients when they were discharged,automatically called out the patients'home conditions for follow-up,and converted the response contents into text mode for out-put.The artificial group was followed up by professionally trained nursing staff,and the follow-up con-tent was the same as that of the intelligent group.Call out,hypertension,diabetes,medication,exer-cise,average call time and satisfaction of follow-up in the two groups were collected.Results The tel-ephone connection rates showed no statistical significances between two groups(P＞0.05).During the follow-up calls,the correct recognition rate of follow-up contents in the intelligent group was low-er,and therateof unwillingness to cooperate and call interruption rate were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the percentages of au-tomatic message leaving,inconvenient answering,resident death,family members unable to answer and number error between the two groups(P＞0.05),and there was no statistical significance in the distribution of disconnected calls between the two groups(P＞0.05).In the effective follow-up calls,there was no statistical significance in the answers to questions related to hypertension and diabetes,compliance and exercise between the two groups(P＞0.05).The average call duration in the intel-ligent group was significantly shorter,and follow-up satisfaction was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Intelligent voice follow-up system can replace manual telephone follow-up to a certain extent,and help medical staff understand the compliance of home blood pres-sure,blood sugar,medication,exercise and secondary prevention in IS patients,and can save fol-low-up time and improve follow-up efficiency compared with manual follow-up,but its language rec-ognition and improvement of cooperation rate still need to be optimized.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum C1q/tumor necrosis factor-associated protein 3 (CTRP3), soluble growth stimulation expression gene 2 protein (sST2), Elabela and prognosis in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:The clinical data of 118 ASTEMI patients underwent PCI from March 2019 to March 2021 in Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred within 90 d, the patients were divided into MACE group (36 cases) and non-MACE group (82 cases). The levels of CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the patients were divided into high CTRP3 group and low CTRP3 group, high sST2 group and low sST2 group, high Elabela group and low Elabela group according to the median, there were 89 cases in each group. MACE was the end point event. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn, and compared by log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of MACE after PCI in patients with ASTEMI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the prediction efficiency of MACE.Results:The sST2 in MACE group was significantly higher than that in non-MACE group: (49.56 ± 17.67) μg/L vs. (30.76 ± 12.83) μg/L, the CTRP3 and Elabela were significantly lower than those in non-MACE group: (0.82 ± 0.42) μg/L vs. (2.02 ± 0.58) μg/L and (17.66 ± 3.85) μg/L vs. (21.84 ± 3.18) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The incidence of MACE in low CTRP3 group was significantly higher than that in high CTRP3 group: 49.15% (29/59) vs. 11.86% (7/59), the incidence of MACE in lowe Elabela group was significantly higher than that in high Elabela group: 42.37% (25/59) vs. 18.64% (11/59), and there were statistical differences ( χ2 = 19.35 and 7.84, P<0.01); the incidence of MACE in high sST2 group was significantly higher than that in low sST2 group: 38.98% (23/59) vs. 22.03% (13/59), and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 4.00, P<0.05). The time from admission to MACE was defined as the survival time. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the survival time in high CTRP3 group was significantly longer than that in low CTRP3 group: (81.02 ± 3.23) d vs. (56.31 ± 4.74) d, the survival time in low sST2 group was significantly longer than that in high sST2 group: (74.52 ± 3.87) d vs. (61.12 ± 5.07) d, the survival time in high Elabela group was significantly longer than that in low Elabela group: (77.95 ± 3.48) d vs. (58.64 ± 4.89) d, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis result showed that the LVEF, TnI, CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela were independent influencing factors of MACE after PCI in patients with ASTEMI ( HR = 1.632, 1.124, 0.712, 1.482 and 0.676; 95% CI 1.531 to 3.271, 1.012 to 1.482, 0.547 to 0.842, 1.063 to 1.852 and 0.536 to 0.725; P<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the cut-off values of CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela in prediction MACE after PCI in patients with ASTEMI were 0.79, 52.17 and 16.82 μg/L respectively, areas under curve were 0.833, 0.732 and 0.739 respectively. Conclusions:CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela can be used as indicators to predict the early prognosis of ASTEMI patients after PCI.

Objective: To study the antidepressant effects of extracts fromZanthoxylum bungeanumandZanthoxylum schinifoliumin mice exposed in chronic restraint stress. Methods: 45 mice of SPF male ICR were randomly divided into five groups: normal group, model group, sertraline hydrochloride group,Zanthoxylum bungeanumextract group andZanthoxylum schinifoliumextract group, with 9 mice in each group. Except for the normal group, mice in all groups were chronically restrained to establish the depressive model. The normal group and model group were given olive oil by intragastric administration, and other groups were given sertraline hydrochloride(10 mg/kg),Zanthoxylum bungeanumextract(200 mg/kg) andZanthoxylum schinifoliumextract(200 mg/kg), respectively. The behaviors of mice in each group were evaluated by open-field test and forced swimming test. The levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF), 5-hydroxytryptophan(5-HT), glutathione(GSH) and nitric oxide(NO) in serum and brain were determined by ELISA. Results: Compared with model group,Zanthoxylum bungeanumextract could reduce the percentage of immobility time in forced swimming test, increase the level of cortical BDNF, and improve the levels of 5-HT and GSH in cortex and serum, with statistical significance(P<0.05).Zanthoxylum schinifoliumextract could improve the behavior of mice in open field test and forced swimming test, increase the levels of cortex 5-HT and serum GSH, and decrease the contents of NO in serum and cortex. Conclusion The extracts ofZanthoxylum bungeanumandZanthoxylum schinifoliumcan improve the depression-like behaviors of mice exposed to chronic restraint stress.