In recent years, the bacteriophage Φ29 (Phi29) DNA polymerase has garnered increasing attention due to its high-fidelity amplification capacity at constant temperatures. To advance the industrial application of this type of isothermal polymerases, this study mined and characterized new enzymes from the microbial metagenome based on the known Phi29 DNA polymerase sequence. The results revealed that a new enzyme, Php29 DNA polymerase, was identified in the microbial metagenome with plants as the hosts. This enzyme exhibited higher strand displacement activity, with a 59.5% similarity to bacteriophage Φ29. Experimental validation demonstrated that the enzyme had 3'→5' exonuclease activity, and its amplification products can serve as substrates for further catalytic reactions. The discovery and validation of Php29 DNA polymerase gives insights into the future industrial application of isothermal polymerases.
DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism* ; Bacillus Phages/genetics* ; Metagenome

Environmental Microbiology, as a compulsory foundational course for the major of environmental and ecological engineering. Its knowledge system not only lays a profound theoretical foundation but also evinces a close-knit nexus to practical applications in environmental protection and ecological restoration. This course thus serves as an outstanding platform facilitating both teaching reforms and practical innovations of professional courses. With Environmental Microbiology as a paradigmatic illustration, this paper concentrates on addressing issues like archaic course contents and enervating teaching approaches, with the aspiration of augmenting students' professional acuities, practical dexterities, and innovation and entrepreneurial aptitudes. In light of the aforesaid aim, we initiated an all-encompassing probe into the teaching reform and practicable paradigms from the perspective of amalgamating professional education with innovation-steered stratagems. Across multiple fronts, comprehensive reformative undertakings were implemented, subsuming the optimization and reconfiguration of course contents, the exploration of sundry teaching methodologies, and the scientific erection of an evaluation system. Ultimately, a nascent teaching model dubbed "three-dimensional, six-loop and five-collaborative" was formed. This series of comprehensive and innovative reform measures has not only substantially augmented the profundity and extensiveness of professional knowledge, permeating into the core of disciplinary essence, but also remarkably bolstered students' practical operational capabilities and innovative thinking patterns, thereby catalyzing their transformation into well-rounded individuals with a competitive edge. By virtue of these efforts, a solid foundation has been firmly laid for the teaching reform of Environmental Microbiology and the cultivation of high-caliber environmental professionals in the contemporary era, heralding a new chapter in the development of environmental education.
Environmental Microbiology ; Teaching ; Education, Professional/methods* ; Curriculum

Objective To understand the factors that affect the pulmonary rehabilitation behavior of elderly patients with lung cancer during the post-operative transitional period,and provide reference bases for formulating the pulmonary rehabilitation plan of elderly patients with lung cancer during the transitional period and improving the compliance of pulmonary rehabilitation.Methods Based on the capability,opportunity,and motivation-behavior model(COM-B model),12 elderly lung cancer patients who underwent surgery at a tertiary A tumor hospital in Tianjin from March to July 2022 were selected for semi-structured interviews using descriptive research methods and purposive sampling method.The data were analyzed using directed content analysis.Results The ability factors(physical strength and postoperative discomfort symptoms of the elderly limit lung rehabilitation exercise,lack of pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge and awareness of the importance of exercise in lung rehabilitation knowledge),opportunity factors(lack of grassroots medical and health services,limiting lung rehabilitation exercise;family and friends are important resources for promoting lung rehabilitation exercise;medical support is a guarantee for promoting lung rehabilitation exercise),motivational factors(high self-efficacy in exercise is the foundation for lung rehabilitation exercise,perception of lung rehabilitation effects increases motivation for lung rehabilitation exercise)and 7 sub themes were extracted.Conclusion There are certain obstacles and promoting factors in the transitional lung rehabilitation process for elderly lung cancer patients after surgery.It is necessary to improve their postoperative discomfort symptoms,increase their knowledge of lung rehabilitation,enhance their awareness of lung rehabilitation,face the social support role of family,friends,and medical staff,improve the infrastructure and lung rehabilitation system,increase community lung rehabilitation support,provide multi-channel high-quality lung rehabilitation resources,and promote the development of smart medical services,constructing a transitional lung rehabilitation strategy for elderly patients with lung cancer.

Objective: To explore the effects of group sports game intervention on social ability and quality of life of children with austism spectrum disorders (ASD),so as to provide reference for rehabilitation intervention of social and quality of life of children with ASD. Methods: From September 2021 to January 2022, 72 children with ASD aged 4-6 in the children s rehabilitation department of Xiangyang Central Hospital were selected to participate in the study, and were randomly divided into experimental group ( n =36) and control group ( n =36). The control group received routine rehabilitation training (including individual sports game training), and the experimental group replaced individual sports game training with group sports game training on the basis of routine rehabilitation.The course content mainly included three parts: warm up before class, group sports games and relaxation after class. The course combined social skills with sports games, and was carried out in a group form (divided into 12 groups with 3 people in each group), and was trained five times a week for 60 minutes, for a total of 12 weeks. The scores of Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQL 4.0) were observed before and after treatment. t-test and χ 2 test were used for statistical analysis. Results: There was no significant difference in SRS scores between the experimental group and the control group before intervention ( t =-0.63, P >0.05). After the intervention, the total response rate in the experimental group was 83.33 %, higher than 41.67% in the control group χ 2=13.33, P <0.05),and the SRS scores decreased in the experimental group and control group ( t =17.75,8.71, P <0.05). The SRS scale score of the experimental group Social perception (17.67±4.12) , social cognition (30.33±4.99) , social communication (50.33±9.39) , social motivation (24.25±6.78) scores and total scores ( 152.67± 25.82) were lower than those of the control group(22.17±5.34，36.00±4.13，62.58±11.07，34.42±7.13，186.33±29.03)( t = -4.88，-2.03，-2.13，-3.58，-3.01， P ＜0.05).After the intervention, the scores of social function (53.33±18.01) and total score (283.83±51.83) on PedsQL 4.0 scale in experimental group were higher than those in control group(23.33±15.13，218.00±39.01) ( t =4.42，3.52， P ＜0.05). After the intervention, Autism Treatment Evaluation Scale (ATEC) scores of experimental groups(44.33±14.72) was lower than that in control group ( 59.33±16.95)( t =-2.32, P ＜0.05). Conclusion The intervention of group sports game has a significant effect on improving social ability and life quality of children with ASD.

Objective:To conduct a scope review on the application of ICU diaries in critically ill patients, laying the foundation for further exploration and construction of ICU diary patterns and frameworks that were in line with the national conditions and tailored to different regions and cultural backgrounds.Methods:The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer′s Manual was used as the methodological framework, and a computer search was conducted in nine domestic and international databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase, etc. The search period was from the inception of the databases until March 13, 2023. The included literature was screened, summarized, and analyzed.Results:A total of 19 articles were included. ICU diaries were commonly recorded using a combination of text and visuals, with the involvement of both healthcare professionals and family members. Most patients received ICU diaries approximately one month after their transfer from the ICU. Out of the 15 studies, ICU diaries were found to be effective, while 4 studies indicated no significant improvement in patients′ psychological issues. However, ICU diaries were still considered acceptable by patients and their families.Conclusions:The application of ICU diaries has shown positive significance in critically ill patients, but further research and exploration are needed to investigate its impact on issues such as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and quality of life. In the future, a combination of multiple forms and high-quality research designs with large samples, long periods, and structured approaches should be employed to explore its application effects and long-term outcomes on psychological problems.

[Purpose]To investigate the trends of incidence and age at onset of uterine corpus can-cer in Jiangsu cancer registration areas from 2009 to 2019.[Methods]The continuous monitoring data of uterine corpus cancer from 2009 to 2019 were collected from 16 cancer registries in Jiang-su Province.The crude incidence rate,the age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC),crude and adjusted mean age,and standardized age-specific incidence composition were calculated.The average annual percentage change(AAPC)were analyzed by the Joinpoint regression model.The linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship be-tween mean age at onset and year.The standardized age-specific incidence composition in 2009 and 2019 were compared.[Results]The ASIRC of uterine corpus cancer in all registration areas and in rural areas of Jiangsu Province showed upward trends with AAPC of 1.78％and 2.38％,re-spectively(P＜0.05),but not showed in the urban areas(AAPC=1.30％,P＞0.05).The crude mean age at onset increased from 56.48 years old in 2009 to 58.26 years old in 2019 with an average annual growth of 0.173 years old(P=0.001).After the population structure standardized,the trends disappeared in all registration areas.[Conclusion]From 2009 to 2019,the standardized incidence rates of uterine corpus cancer were on rise in Jiangsu cancer registration areas,especially in the age group of 50 to 59 years old.

Objective:To evaluate the impact of self-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (SCH) gel on endometrium recovery after artificial abortion.Methods:A multicenter, prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted across 18 hospitals from December 2021 to February 2023, involving 382 women who underwent artificial abortion. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either treatment with SCH gel (SCH group) or no treatment (control group) in a 1∶1 ratio. The primary outcome was endometrium thickness in 14 to 18 days after the first postoperative menstruation. Secondary outcomes included changes in menstrual volume during the first postoperative menstruation, menstruation resumption within 6 postoperative weeks, time to menstruation resumption, duration of the first postoperative menstruation, and incidence of dysmenorrhea.Results:Baseline characteristics of participants were comparable between the two groups (all P>0.05), with 95.3% (182/191) in SCH group and 92.7% (177/191) in the control group completed the study. The postoperative endometrial thickness in SCH group was significantly greater than that in the control group [(9.78±3.15) vs (8.95±2.32) mm; P=0.005]. SCH group also had significantly fewer participants with reduced menstrual volume [23 cases (12.6%, 23/182) vs 31 cases (17.5%, 31/177); P=0.038]. Although SCH group experienced less dysmenorrhea during the first postoperative menstrual period, this difference was not statistically significant [28.5% (51/179) vs 37.1% (65/175); P=0.083]. Outcomes were similar between SCH group and the control group regarding the proportion of participants who resumed menstruation within 6 weeks postoperatively, time to menstruation resumption, and duration of the first postoperative menstruation ( P=0.792, 0.485, and 0.254, respectively). No serious adverse events were observed during the study period, and no adverse events were attributed to SCH gel treatment. Conclusion:The application of SCH gel after artificial abortion is safe and might aid in the recovery of the endometrium.

Objective:To summary the clinical phenotype and genotype characteristics of 2 cases of autosomal dominant mental retardation (MRD) caused by TRIO gene variation. Methods:Retrospective study of the clinical data of 2 cases of autosomal dominant MRD caused by TRIO gene mutations diagnosed at the Department of Neurology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in April 2019 and January 2023 was conducted. The clinical features were summarized and gene analysis and follow-up were carried out. Results:The 2 patients were 6 years and 5 months old and 5 months old males, respectively. Clinical manifestations included seizures, cognitive and motor disorders, low intelligent development; case 1 had microcephaly, attention deficit disorder, ataxia, and aggressive behavior, and case 2 had macrocephaly. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebellar atrophy in case 1, and non-specific dilation of the subarachnoid space and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum in case 2. Analysis of chromosome karyotype and chromosome copy number variation in 2 children showed no abnormalities. Whole exome sequencing revealed novel missense mutations in the TRIO gene in both patients [NM_007118:c.4289C>A(p.Thr1430Lys), c.4111C>A(p.His1371Asn), respectively]. The application of rehabilitation function training and a variety of anti-seizure medications can not fully and effectively control the seizure. Conclusion:TRIO gene c.4289C>A(p.Thr1430Lys), c.4111C>A(p.His1371Asn) de novo missense variants were the genetic etiology of the 2 probands,causing rare autosomal dominant MRD type 44 and 63.

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive and irreversible necrosis and apopto-sis of retinal ganglion cells.The abnormal activation of microglia,astrocytes and Müller cells in the central nervous system of the retina and macrophages,T/B lymphocytes and regulatory T cells in the peripheral immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma,and the secretion of inflammatory factors such as interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 is closely relat-ed to the development of glaucoma.In this paper,the role of immune cells of the central nervous system and peripheral im-mune system of the retina and the inflammatory factors they secreted in the development of glaucoma is reviewed,in order to understand the pathogenesis of glaucoma at the cellular and molecular levels and to provide ideas for exploring new treatment methods.

Objective:To study the clinical value of serum microRNA-34a (miR-34a) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear transcript-like protein 1 (BMAL1) in cervical cancer and their relationship with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection.Methods:The clinical data of 76 patients with cervical cancer and 50 patients with benign cervical diseases in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The expression levels of serum miR-34a and BMAL1 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and HR-HPV infection was detected by flow fluorescent hybridization. The patients were followed up until December 2023, and the death and poor prognosis (death, tumor recurrence and progression and severe complications at 1-year of follow-up) were recorded. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficacy of miR-34a, BMAL1 and related indexes in evaluating the poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer at 1-year. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for death in patients with cervical cancer. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the relationship between miR-34a, BMAL1 expression and survival period, and the log-rank test was used for comparison.Results:The expression level of serum miR-34a in patients with cervical cancer was significantly lower than that in patients with benign cervical lesions (0.46 ± 0.08 vs. 0.67 ± 0.11), the expression level of serum BMAL1 was significantly higher than that in patients with benign cervical lesions (0.58 ± 0.07 vs. 0.41 ± 0.07), and there were statistical differences ( t= 12.40 and 13.34, P<0.01). The expression levels of serum miR-34a and BMAL1 in patients with cervical cancer were associated with tumor differentiation, myometrial invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05 or<0.01); they were not associated with age, menopause and pathological type, and there were no statistical differences ( P>0.05). In patients with cervical cancer, the expression level of miR-34a in patients with HR-HPV positive infection (60 cases) was significantly lower than that in patients with HR-HPV negative infection (16 cases): 0.41 ± 0.07 vs. 0.49 ± 0.08, the expression level of BMAL1 was significantly higher than that in patients with HR-HPV negative infection: 0.65 ± 0.09 vs. 0.53 ± 0.06, and there were statistical differences ( t = 3.68 and 4.24, P<0.05 or<0.01). In patients with benign cervical diseases, there were no statistical differences in the expression levels of miR-34a and BMAL1 between patients with HR-HPV positive infection (7 cases) and patients with HR-HPV negative infection (43 cases) ( P>0.05). ROC curve analysis result showed that miR-34a combined with BMAL1 had the highest sensitivity (90.4%), specificity (89.9%) and area under curve (0.911) in assessing the 1-year poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer ( P<0.01), and the optimal cutoff values of miR-34a and BMAL1 expression level were ≤0.39 and ≥0.64. Multivariate Cox regression analysis result showed that poor differentiation, myometrial invasion depth ≥1/2, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, FIGO stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ, miR-34a expression level ≤0.46 and BMAL1 expression level ≥0.58 were independent risk factors for death in patients with cervical cancer ( OR = 1.857, 2.125, 2.337, 2.751, 2.457, 3.885 and 3.666; 95% CI 0.845 to 5.788, 0.726 to 5.924, 0.709 to 5.631, 0.693 to 5.727, 0.801 to 5.936, 1.244 to 6.423 and 1.031 to 5.612; P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the median survival time in cervical cancer patients with miR-34a expression level ≤0.39 and BMAL1 expression level ≥0.64 (21 cases) was significantly lower than that in the other cervical cancer patients (miR-34a expression level>0.39 or BMAL1 expression level<0.64, 55 cases): (26.4 ± 4.2) months vs. (34.2 ± 5.6) months, log-rank χ2 = 17.12, P<0.05. Conclusions:The expression level of serum miR-34a in patients with cervical cancer is significantly reduced and the expression level of BMAL1 is significantly increased, which is related to the condition, prognosis and HR-HPV infection. It can be used as a marker for the assessment of the condition and prognosis of cervical cancer. The combined detection of the two can significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity in predicting poor prognosis of cervical cancer.