ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanisms by which ligustilide （LIG） exerts neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke （IS） by inhibiting the release of neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs）， promoting blood-brain barrier repair， and alleviating post-ischemic neuroinflammation， thereby providing a new direction for IS treatment. MethodsA middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） model was established in rats. The rats were divided into the sham operation （Sham） group， model （Model） group， low- and high-dose LIG groups （20， 40 mg·kg^-1）， and the NET inhibitor CI-amidine group （CI-amidine， 10 mg·kg^-1）. Drug treatments were administered for 3 days. Neurological injury after ischemia was evaluated by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining， neurological deficit scoring， and brain index measurement. Flow cytometry and Western blot were used to analyze changes in neutrophil expression. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the fluorescence intensity of the NET marker citrullinated histone H3 （H3Cit）. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of blood-brain barrier tight junction-related proteins and inflammatory factors， including interleukin-18 （IL-18） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）. ResultsCompared with the Sham group， the Model group exhibited significant brain tissue injury （P<0.05）， significantly increased neutrophil numbers and NET expression （P<0.05）， significantly impaired blood-brain barrier permeability （P<0.05）， and significantly increased expression of inflammatory factors （P<0.05）. Compared with the Model group， both low- and high-dose LIG significantly alleviated brain tissue injury in rats （P<0.01）， inhibited neutrophil numbers and NET expression （P<0.01）， reduced blood-brain barrier damage （P<0.01）， and suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors IL-18 and IL-1β （P<0.01）， thereby ultimately exerting a neuroprotective effect. ConclusionThe neuroprotective effect of LIG in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury may be related to inhibition of neutrophils and the NETs induced by them.

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanisms by which ligustilide （LIG） exerts neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke （IS） by inhibiting the release of neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs）， promoting blood-brain barrier repair， and alleviating post-ischemic neuroinflammation， thereby providing a new direction for IS treatment. MethodsA middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） model was established in rats. The rats were divided into the sham operation （Sham） group， model （Model） group， low- and high-dose LIG groups （20， 40 mg·kg^-1）， and the NET inhibitor CI-amidine group （CI-amidine， 10 mg·kg^-1）. Drug treatments were administered for 3 days. Neurological injury after ischemia was evaluated by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining， neurological deficit scoring， and brain index measurement. Flow cytometry and Western blot were used to analyze changes in neutrophil expression. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the fluorescence intensity of the NET marker citrullinated histone H3 （H3Cit）. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of blood-brain barrier tight junction-related proteins and inflammatory factors， including interleukin-18 （IL-18） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）. ResultsCompared with the Sham group， the Model group exhibited significant brain tissue injury （P<0.05）， significantly increased neutrophil numbers and NET expression （P<0.05）， significantly impaired blood-brain barrier permeability （P<0.05）， and significantly increased expression of inflammatory factors （P<0.05）. Compared with the Model group， both low- and high-dose LIG significantly alleviated brain tissue injury in rats （P<0.01）， inhibited neutrophil numbers and NET expression （P<0.01）， reduced blood-brain barrier damage （P<0.01）， and suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors IL-18 and IL-1β （P<0.01）， thereby ultimately exerting a neuroprotective effect. ConclusionThe neuroprotective effect of LIG in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury may be related to inhibition of neutrophils and the NETs induced by them.

Parkinson's disease （PD） is a complex neurodegenerative disease involving multiple systems and neurotransmitters. Due to the high clinical heterogeneity of PD，it is urgent to establish a comprehensive and long-term traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） management model. In this paper，the conceptual framework of full-cycle management of PD is preliminarily constructed：based on the evolution of the pathophysiological mechanisms of protein deposition and neurotransmitter disorder in PD，the three-stage syndrome characteristics of the prodromal stage （predominant healthy Qi with subtle pathogenic factors），the early clinical stage （declining healthy Qi with growing pathogenic factors） and the middle and late stages （overwhelming pathogenic factors with deficient healthy Qi） are longitudinally described. Through the syndrome differentiation of visceral manifestations，the etiology and pathogenesis of PD motor and non-motor symptoms were comprehensively analyzed，while the matching treatment methods and prescriptions were inferred，and the modular scheme of the combining main symptoms，accompanying symptoms and secondary symptoms was proposed. The conceptual gap of TCM regarding motor complications （'variable syndrome'） and PD-related hyperpyrexia syndrome （'critical syndrome'） was explained. This framework reflects the characteristics of combination of disease and syndrome and overall constant motion，and provides new theories and research ideas for individualized and whole-process management of PD in TCM.

Parkinson's disease （PD） is a complex neurodegenerative disease involving multiple systems and neurotransmitters. Due to the high clinical heterogeneity of PD，it is urgent to establish a comprehensive and long-term traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） management model. In this paper，the conceptual framework of full-cycle management of PD is preliminarily constructed：based on the evolution of the pathophysiological mechanisms of protein deposition and neurotransmitter disorder in PD，the three-stage syndrome characteristics of the prodromal stage （predominant healthy Qi with subtle pathogenic factors），the early clinical stage （declining healthy Qi with growing pathogenic factors） and the middle and late stages （overwhelming pathogenic factors with deficient healthy Qi） are longitudinally described. Through the syndrome differentiation of visceral manifestations，the etiology and pathogenesis of PD motor and non-motor symptoms were comprehensively analyzed，while the matching treatment methods and prescriptions were inferred，and the modular scheme of the combining main symptoms，accompanying symptoms and secondary symptoms was proposed. The conceptual gap of TCM regarding motor complications （'variable syndrome'） and PD-related hyperpyrexia syndrome （'critical syndrome'） was explained. This framework reflects the characteristics of combination of disease and syndrome and overall constant motion，and provides new theories and research ideas for individualized and whole-process management of PD in TCM.

Colorectal cancer （CRC） is one of the most common cancers， with its incidence ranking high among cancers. It stands as the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the early stages， CRC lacks specific symptoms， and most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages， making it a major research focus in the field of gastrointestinal tumors. Currently， clinical CRC treatments face several common challenges， including high surgical risks， frequent metastasis and recurrence， drug resistance， and significant side effects from chemotherapy and radiation therapy. With the development and application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， it has been found that TCM and its active ingredients can effectively inhibit CRC cell proliferation， invasion， migration， and angiogenesis， and promote apoptosis and autophagy， thereby slowing the progression of CRC. This has become a key focus of CRC treatment research. Salvia Miltiorrhiza has multiple pharmacological effects， including activating blood circulation to dispel blood stasis， unlocking meridians to relieve pain， clearing heat to calm irritability， and cooling blood to reduce abscesses. It contains a variety of chemical components， including diterpenoids， phenolic acids， flavonoids， polysaccharides， nitrogen-containing compounds， steroids， and lactone compounds. This review summarized the molecular mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its active ingredients in the treatment of CRC. It is found that these ingredients exert anti-CRC effects through various molecular mechanisms， including cell cycle arrest， promotion of apoptosis， inhibition of cell invasion and migration， induction of autophagy， suppression of tumor angiogenesis， and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. The review aims to provide new insights for the drug development and clinical application of Salvia miltiorrhiza in CRC treatment.

A 70-year-old female patient presented with fatigue and edema for 3 months and was found to have elevated serum creatinine for 3 weeks. During the course of the disease, she had fever and cough. Examinations revealed multiple ground-glass opacities in both lungs and positivity for myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), leading to a diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis. The patient′s condition initially improved after pulse glucocorticoid therapy combined with cyclophosphamide. During treatment, however, the patient developed hematochezia, and colonoscopy revealed multiple colonic ulcers. Immunohistochemistry of colonic mucosal biopsy confirmed cytomegalovirus (CMV) positivity, establishing a diagnosis of CMV colitis. The patient was found to have concurrent Clostridioidesdifficile and pulmonary infections. During the disease course, the patient also developed deep vein thrombosis and roxadustat-associated central hypothyroidism. Given the presence of multiple comorbidities, rituximab was subsequently used for vasculitis treatment, resulting in sustained remission. This case highlights the importance of highly individualized treatment strategies for older patients with vasculitis, requiring adjustment of immunosuppressive therapy intensity based on disease progression.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)HOXC13-AS in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues and its effects on tumor cell proliferation and migration in head and neck tumor cell lines.METHODS Clinical samples from 26 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 4 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who were treated surgically in the Second Hospital of Jilin University from March 2024 to December 2024 were collected as research subjects.Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissue specimens and corresponding adjacent tissue specimens were selected.The expression of HOXC13-AS in 30 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Clinical data were collected to analyze the correlation between HOXC13-AS expression and various clinical pathological factors.siRNA technology was used to interfere with the expression of HOXC13-AS in laryngeal cancer cell line TU212 and hypopharyngeal squamous cell line FaDu.Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to detect cell proliferation ability,and cell scratch assay was used to detect cell migration ability.RESULTS The expression level of lncRNA HOXC13-AS in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues(12.60±11.26)was significantly higher than that in corresponding adjacent tissues(1.40±0.61),with a statistically significant difference(t=5.485,P<0.001).The expression of HOXC13-AS in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues was closely related to T stage(P=0.004),lymph node metastasis(P=0.006),and clinical stage(P=0.007)of patients.CCK-8 results showed that the absorbance values of TU212 cell line groups at 24,48,and 72 h were si-NC group(0.373±0.010,0.738±0.026,1.003±0.124),si-HOXC13-AS-1 group(0.365±0.015,0.686±0.019,0.935±0.028),and si-HOXC13-AS-2 group(0.364±0.024,0.700±0.026,0.943±0.053),with statistically significant differences(F24 h=0.484,F48 h=7.893,F72 h=1.345,P<0.01);the absorbance values of FaDu cell line groups at 24,48,and 72 h were si-NC group(0.727±0.054,0.834±0.072,1.224±0.127),si-HOXC13-AS-1 group(0.532±0.005,0.650±0.079,1.021±0.044),and si-HOXC13-AS-2 group(0.647±0.088,0.687±0.025,1.074±0.055),with statistically significant differences(F24 h=16.143,F48 h=14.259,F72 h=9.409,P<0.001).Cell scratch assay showed that the migration rates of TU212 cell line groups at 12 and 24 h were si-NC group(38.971%±3.824%,69.185%±0.469%),si-HOXC13-AS-1 group(18.182%±2.580%,33.378%±2.302%),and si-HOXC13-AS-2 group(25.017%±0.288%,48.413%±0.805%),with statistically significant differences(F12 h=47.295,F24 h=471.745,P<0.0001);The migration rates of FaDu cell lines in each group at 12 and 24 hours were as follows:si-NC group(39.067%±3.196%,58.222%±0.448%),si-HOXC13-AS-1 group(13.689%±0.132%,39.358%±3.985%),and si-HOXC13-AS-2 group(23.335%±0.680%,35.526%±0.758%),with statistically significant differences(F12 h=138.1,F24 h=101.749,P<0.0001).CONCLUSION HOXC13-AS is significantly upregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues and cells,and is associated with the clinical pathological characteristics of patients.Silencing HOXC13-AS can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of head and neck tumor cells.

Objective:To investigate the effects of 4-week moderate intensity treadmil1 exercise on knee cartilage patholo-gy and the activity of Cytokine-like 1(Cytl1)-C-C motif chemokine receptor 2(CCR2)pathway in knee carti-lage of rats with monoiodoacetate(MIA)induced knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Method:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into control group,control and exercise group,knee osteoarthritis group and knee osteoarthritis and exercise group.The KOA model was induced by intraarticular injection of MIA,and the moderate intensity treadmill exercise was carried out for 4 weeks after MIA injection.The changes of body weight and knee joint swelling were recorded dynamically;the osteophytes and deformities of knee joint were observed by X-ray and stereomicroscope;the structural changes of knee cartilage were evaluated by toluidine blue staining;the apoptosis of chondrocytes was analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL);and the bioinformatics analysis of gene expression omnibus(GEO)data set was used to predict the potential key pathways of exercise alleviating KOA pathology.Immunohistochemical staining or Western Blot was used to detect the protein expression of related molecules in cartilage tissue.Result:The KOA rat model was successfully established,and 4-week moderate intensity treadmill exercise could alleviate the pathological characteristics of KOA and inhibit cartilage degeneration and apoptosis;bioinfor-matics analysis of GEO data set showed that Cytl1-CCR2 pathway might be involved in the alleviation of KOA by exercise;4-week moderate intensity treadmill exercise promoted the expression of Cytl1,while inhibit-ed the expression of proteins related to CCR2 pathway in cartilage tissue of KOA rats.Conclusion:4-week moderate intensity treadmill can improve the pathological characteristics of knee cartilage injury in KOA rats,which might be related to the activity of Cytl1-CCR2 pathway.

Objective:To explore the relationship between parental neglect and adolescents' internalizing problem behaviors and aggressive behaviors using network analysis methods,as well as the influence of gender on their relationship.Methods:A survey was conducted in 889 middle and high school students with the Child Psycho-logical Abuse and Neglect Scale,Chinese Short Version of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale(DASS-21),and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire.Include different dimensions of parental neglect and internalizing problem be-haviors and aggressive behaviors as nodes,and use R software for network analysis.Results:In the total sample,the strength of emotional neglect(strength=1.14),anxiety(strength=0.99)and anger(strength=1.06)was high-est.the strength of emotional neglect(strength=1.14)was the highest in parental neglect,the strength of anxiety(strength=0.99)was the highest in internalizing problem behaviors,and the strength of anger(strength=1.06)was the highest in aggressive behaviors.In the male group,the bridge strength of anger(bridge strength=0.44)was the highest.In the female group,the bridge strength of stress(bridge strength=0.27)was the highest.Conclusion:There is a positive correlation between parental neglect,internalizing problem behaviors and aggressive behaviors,and significant gender differences were observed in network structures.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Heilongjiang province, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of TBE.Methods:The epidemiological characteristics of TBE were systematically analyzed by the data of TBE cases reported in Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System.Results:A total of 1 127 TBE cases were reported from 2006 to 2020. The average age was 45.8 year, and the case fatality rate was 1.2%. Most TBE cases occurred from April to August, with a peak in June.Conclusions:This research elucidated the epidemiological characteristics of TBE in Heilongjiang province, and provides important basic data for the disease prevention and control.