Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Shenzhen City in 2024, so as to provide insights into formulation of the preventive and control measures for dengue fever. Methods The epidemiological data of dengue cases reported in Shenzhen City in 2024 were extracted from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and field epidemiological survey data of dengue fever in Shenzhen City, and the temporal, regional and population distributions of dengue fever cases, source of acquire dengue virus infections, disease diagnosis and treatment and outbreaks were analyzed. The dengue virus nucleic acid was tested and the serotypes of dengue virus were characterized using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assay, and the dengue virus gene was sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS). In addition, the surveillance on the density of Aedes albopictus was performed using Breteau index (BI) and mosquito oviposition index (MOI). Results A total of 1 735 dengue fever cases were reported in Shenzhen City in 2024, including 952 local cases and 783 imported cases. Most imported dengue fever cases acquired infections from eight cities of Foshan, Guangzhou, Zhongshan, Jiangmen, Dongguan, Zhaoqing, Huizhou, and Zhuhai in the Pearl River Delta region (664 cases, 84.8% of total imported cases) into Baoan, Longgang, and Nanshan districts. The epidemic exhibited an early onset and rapid progression, peaking during the period between September and November (1 632 cases, 94.1% of total cases), and dengue fever cases were distributed across 73 subdistricts in 10 districts, with most cases reported in densely populated central and western regions. The dengue fever cases had a male-to-female ratio of 1.9∶1.0, and a median age of 37 (21) years, with a higher median age among local cases than among imported cases [40 (20) years vs. 33(15) years; Z = -10.30, P < 0.05]. Housework, unemployment, workers, and business service were predominant occupations (1 405 cases, 81.0% of total cases), and there was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of occupations between local and imported cases (χ² = 92.30, P < 0.05). Among the 1 735 dengue fever cases, the median duration from onset to definitive diagnosis was 3.3 (2.9) days, and 1 686 cases (97.2%) were identified in healthcare facilities, with a low rate of hospitalization and isolation seen in 1 701 inpatients with available epidemiological data (485 cases, 28.5% of total inpatients). A total of 29 outbreaks of dengue fever occurred in Shenzhen City across 2024, which primarily in construction sites (27 outbreaks, 93.1% of total). Dengue virus type I was the dominant serotype causing dengue fever in Shenzhen City in 2024. Sequencing showed that the genomes of dengue virus from multiple dengue fever cases in Shenzhen City shared a high sequence homology with those from cities neighboring Shenzhen City, and there might be intra-city transmission of dengue virus among multiple construction sites in Shenzhen City. The Aedes albopictus density was significantly higher in Shenzhen City in 2024 than in 2023, peaking from May to September. The annual MOI values ranged from 0.9 to 14.0, and the BI values ranged from 0.6 to 6.0. Conclusions The overall epidemic of dengue fever was severe in Shenzhen City in 2024, which was greatly affected by case importation from neighboring cities, construction sites-centered local transmission, and the effectives of routine mosquito vector control was not satisfactory. Integrated dengue fever control measures should be implemented, focusing on regional joint prevention and control mechanisms, capacity building for mosquito vector control, addressing challenges in epidemic containment at construction sites, and strengthening case detection and management systems.

Based on the management by objectives and developmental performance appraisal,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital explored the performance appraisal scheme for attending,including disease-specific complexity,disease-specific difficulty,clinical risk-taking and comprehensive quality.Assessment and feedback work was imple-mented by the medical management department,which format a set of independent budget of the physician perfor-mance assessment system.It introduced incentive measures to encourage attending to treat difficult and critical cases,provided high quality medical services,and eventually enhance hospital management effectiveness to attending.

ObjectiveTo understand the death status of major chronic diseases among the registered residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai from 2007 to 2021， and to analyze the probability and trend of premature death， so as to provide an evidence for the policy-making of disease control and prevention. MethodsBased on the data from the death registration system of the registered residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai from 2007 to 2021， the mortality rate of major chronic diseases， life expectancy without cause of death， potential years of life lost （PYLL）， average years of life lost （AYLL）， and premature death rate were calculated. Joinpoint 4.8 software was used to calculate the annual percentage change （APC） of premature death rate and its trend. ResultsIn 2021， the mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of four major chronic diseases， namely cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors， diabetes mellitus and chronic lower respiratory diseases among the registered residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai was 767.75/100 000 and 234.69/100 000， respectively， accounting for 85.63% of the total causes of death among the residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai. The PYLL， AYLL and PYLL rate were 10 710.00 person-years， 1.49 years per person， and 11.43‰， respectively. Life expectancy increased by 14.91 years after removing the four major chronic diseases. From 2007 to 2021， the premature death rate of chronic diseases among the registered residents in Xuhui District decreased from 9.38% to 7.91% （APC=-1.09%，P<0.05）. Malignant tumors had the highest rate in premature death， and the premature death rate was higher in males than that in females， with a slower rate of decline than in females. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors and chronic lower respiratory diseases showed a significant decreasing trend in premature death rate （APC=-1.30%， -1.20%， -5.42%， P<0.05）， while diabetes mellitus showed a significant increasing trend in premature death rate （APC=3.20%， P<0.05）. There was a significant increasing trend in the rate of premature death from diabetes mellitus in males （APC=5.15%， P<0.05） and a decreasing trend in the rate of premature death from diabetes mellitus in females （APC=-0.76%， P<0.05）. ConclusionCardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors， diabetes mellitus and chronic lower respiratory diseases are the main causes of death among the registered residents in Xuhui District. The probability of premature death of the residents in Xuhui District from major chronic diseases is at a low level， indicating that the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Xuhui District has achieved some success， but it is still difficult to realize the goals of the Outline of the "Healthy China 2030" Plan. Therefore， it is necessary to comprehensively carry out the control of risk factors such as tobacco use， harmful alcohol consumption， salt intake， hypertension， hyperglycemia and obesity， especially to strengthen the control of risk factors for male residents， as well as early diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors， cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus， and to implement the disease management mechanism to reduce premature death.

BACKGROUND:Artificially synthesized hydroxyapatite ceramic granules are widely used in clinical practice to repair large-volume bone defects.However,the osteogenic effect of hydroxyapatite ceramic granules prepared by high-temperature sintering is limited by their low degradability and bioactivity. OBJECTIVE:To prepare biomimetically precipitated nanocrystalline calcium phosphate granules by a novel low-temperature deposition technique,and to characterize their physicochemical properties and cytocompatibility. METHODS:Biomimetically precipitated nanocrystalline calcium phosphate granules were prepared using a modified supersaturated calcium phosphate mineralization solution and a repeated settling and decantation washing method.Hydroxyapatite bioceramic granules were used as the control.The morphology and phase composition of the granules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The specific surface area,porosity distribution,hardness and hydrophilicity of the granules were characterized by BET-N2 method,hardness test,and contact angle test.The adsorption properties of the granules for bovine serum albumin and fetal bovine serum protein were determined by bicinchoninic acid assay.The two kinds of granules or granule extracts were co-cultured with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,and the cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the two kinds of particles was slightly rough and accompanied by tiny particles,the surface of the hydroxyapatite bioceramic particles was dense and smooth,and the biomimetically precipitated nanocrystalline calcium phosphate granules were mainly composed of needle/plate crystals with non-uniform nanometer size,and formed a nanopore structure between the crystals.X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy exhibited that compared with hydroxyapatite bioceramic granules,biomimetically precipitated nanocrystalline calcium phosphate granules had smaller crystalline particles,lower crystallinity,and more binding water and carbonic acid groups.Compared with hydroxyapatite bioceramic granules,biomimetically precipitated nanocrystalline calcium phosphate granules had higher specific surface area,better hydrophilicity,lower hardness,and higher protein adsorption capacity.(2)The results of MTT assay showed that the two kinds of granule extracts had no cytotoxicity,human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells survived well on the surface of the two kinds of granules,and the biomimetically precipitated nanocrystalline calcium phosphate granules had stronger cell proliferation activity.(3)These findings indicate that compared with hydroxyapatite bioceramic granules,biomimetically precipitated nanocrystalline calcium phosphate granules have better physicochemical properties and cytocompatibility.

Based on the management by objectives and developmental performance appraisal,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital explored the performance appraisal scheme for attending,including disease-specific complexity,disease-specific difficulty,clinical risk-taking and comprehensive quality.Assessment and feedback work was imple-mented by the medical management department,which format a set of independent budget of the physician perfor-mance assessment system.It introduced incentive measures to encourage attending to treat difficult and critical cases,provided high quality medical services,and eventually enhance hospital management effectiveness to attending.

Based on the management by objectives and developmental performance appraisal,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital explored the performance appraisal scheme for attending,including disease-specific complexity,disease-specific difficulty,clinical risk-taking and comprehensive quality.Assessment and feedback work was imple-mented by the medical management department,which format a set of independent budget of the physician perfor-mance assessment system.It introduced incentive measures to encourage attending to treat difficult and critical cases,provided high quality medical services,and eventually enhance hospital management effectiveness to attending.

Based on the management by objectives and developmental performance appraisal,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital explored the performance appraisal scheme for attending,including disease-specific complexity,disease-specific difficulty,clinical risk-taking and comprehensive quality.Assessment and feedback work was imple-mented by the medical management department,which format a set of independent budget of the physician perfor-mance assessment system.It introduced incentive measures to encourage attending to treat difficult and critical cases,provided high quality medical services,and eventually enhance hospital management effectiveness to attending.

Based on the management by objectives and developmental performance appraisal,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital explored the performance appraisal scheme for attending,including disease-specific complexity,disease-specific difficulty,clinical risk-taking and comprehensive quality.Assessment and feedback work was imple-mented by the medical management department,which format a set of independent budget of the physician perfor-mance assessment system.It introduced incentive measures to encourage attending to treat difficult and critical cases,provided high quality medical services,and eventually enhance hospital management effectiveness to attending.

Based on the management by objectives and developmental performance appraisal,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital explored the performance appraisal scheme for attending,including disease-specific complexity,disease-specific difficulty,clinical risk-taking and comprehensive quality.Assessment and feedback work was imple-mented by the medical management department,which format a set of independent budget of the physician perfor-mance assessment system.It introduced incentive measures to encourage attending to treat difficult and critical cases,provided high quality medical services,and eventually enhance hospital management effectiveness to attending.

Based on the management by objectives and developmental performance appraisal,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital explored the performance appraisal scheme for attending,including disease-specific complexity,disease-specific difficulty,clinical risk-taking and comprehensive quality.Assessment and feedback work was imple-mented by the medical management department,which format a set of independent budget of the physician perfor-mance assessment system.It introduced incentive measures to encourage attending to treat difficult and critical cases,provided high quality medical services,and eventually enhance hospital management effectiveness to attending.