Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of B7-H5 in patients with chro-nic hepatitis B and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the serum levels of B7-H5 in 104 patients with chronic hepatitis B,28 patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma and 35 healthy controls.And statistical methods were used to analyze the difference,correlation and diagnostic value of the results.Results The serum levels of B7-H5 in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma,patients with chronic hepatitis B and healthy subjects were statistically different(P＜0.05),and the level from high to low was HBV-related liver cancer patients,chronic hepatitis B patients,healthy subjects.The serum level of B7-H5 in chronic hepatitis B pa-tients with negative HBV-DNA was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects(P＜0.01).The level of B7-H5 in patients with chronic hepatitis B was positively correlated with HBV-DNA load(P＜0.05).And the level of B7-H5 in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma was positively correlated with HBsAg,HBeAg and AFP levels(P＜0.05).In addition,B7-H5 had diagnostic value for chronic hepatitis B and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(P＜0.01),and the diagnostic value for HBV-related hepatocellular carcino-ma was higher than that for chronic hepatitis B.The level of B7-H5 in patients with HBV-related hepatocellu-lar carcinoma after surgery was significantly lower than that before surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum levels of B7-H5 is related to the progression of CHB and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma,and can be considered as an effective detection index for the auxiliary diagnosis and the judgment of postoperative condi-tion of CHB and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin (OH) D, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in preschool children after fractures.Methods:General data of 200 preschool children with fractures admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Shanxi Children’s Hospital from Apr. 2021 to Jun. 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The 25- (OH) D level of the children after fracture was determined by electrochemical luminescence method. According to the 25- (OH) D level, the children were divided into VitD deficiency group, VitD insufficient group and VitD sufficient group. The MCP-1 level, BMD and bone metabolism indexes of children among groups were compared and analyzed. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data in the paper. According to the data type, t test or χ2 test were used to compare among the groups, and the correlation of 25- (OH) D and MCP-1 levels with BMD and bone metabolism indexes was analyzed by Spearman and Pearson methods. Results:The difference of 25- (OH) D levels in different age childeren was statistically significant ( t = 145.26, P<0.05) , and the analysis showed that 26 cases were VitD deficient, 64 cases were VitD insufficient, and 110 cases were VitD sufficient; The mean BMD in VitD patients with different levels was significantly different ( F=783.25, P<0.05) ; With the increase of MCP-1, PTH and TPINP levels decreased ( F=78.98, 703.57, 243.27, P<0.05) , while the levels of PICP and BGP increased ( F=122.97, 340.32, P<0.05) ; 25- (OH) D was positively correlated with BMD, PICP and BGP ( r=0.93, 0.76, 0.87, P<0.05) , and negatively correlated with PTH and TPINP ( r=-0.94, -0.81, P<0.05) . MCP-1 was negatively correlated with BMD, PICP and BGP ( r=-0.54, -0.51, -0.56, P<0.05) , and positively correlated with PTH and TPINP ( r=0.57, 0.55, P<0.05) . Conclusions:The 25- (OH) D level is significantly correlated with BMD and bone metabolism indexes in preschool children after fracture, and the lack and insufficiency of VitD significantly affect BMD and bone metabolism status. At the same time, MCP-1 may also play an important role in metabolic changes after fracture. Therefore, in clinical treatment, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and management of 25- (OH) D and MCP-1 levels after fracture in children, which is of great significance to promote bone healing and improve bone density.

Recent innovations in endoscopic techniques have dramatically transformed the landscape of biliary and pancreatic disease management,particularly through the synergistic integration of peroral choledochoscope-assisted cholangioscopy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).This article delves into the clinical utility of peroral choledochoscope within the ERCP framework,highlighting its pivotal role in enhancing diagnostic precision.

Objective:To investigate protective effect and mechanism of Tim-3 on sepsis-induced acute lung injury(ALI)by pro-moting mitophagy of alveolar macrophages and inhibiting activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.Methods:LPS-stimulated mouse alveo-lar macrophage(MH-S)model and sepsis-induced ALI mouse model were constructed.Tim-3 siRNA interference technique was used to knock down Tim-3 expression in MH-S cells,and anti-Tim-3 antibody mice were injected intraperitoneally to block Tim-3 function.Western blot was used to detect protein expressions of NLRP3,ASC,cleaved-caspase-1 and mitophagy-related proteins(LC3B,P62,PINK1 and Parkin)in MH-S cells and lung tissue of mice with sepsis-induced ALI.Laser confocal fluorescence staining was used to measure ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential of MH-S cells.Pathological examination of lung tissue was performed in mice with sepsis-induced ALI in each group,and degree of lung tissue injury was evaluated by Smith scoring system.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and lung tissue were collected from mice with ALI induced by sepsis in each group.BCA protein quantification method was used to determine protein concentration in BALF.MPO activity in lung tissue was detected by colorimetry.MDA content in lung tissue was detected by TBA method.LC3B protein expression in lung tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:In mouse alveolar macrophages,Tim-3 knockdown could promote expressions of NLRP3,ASC,cleaved-caspase-1 and P62 proteins,increase ROS release,inhibit PINK1/Parkin pathway activation and LC3B protein expression,and reduce mitochondrial membrane potential.In mice with sepsis-induced ALI,Tim-3 functional blockade could promote expressions of NLRP3,ASC,cleaved-caspase-1 and P62 proteins in lung tissue,aggravate lung pathological injury and pulmonary edema,increase MPO activity and MDA content in lung tissue,and reduce positive rate of LC3B protein.Conclusion:Tim-3 plays a protective role in sepsis-induced ALI by promoting mitophagy in alveolar macrophages and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via PINK1/Parkin.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin (OH) D, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in preschool children after fractures.Methods:General data of 200 preschool children with fractures admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Shanxi Children’s Hospital from Apr. 2021 to Jun. 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The 25- (OH) D level of the children after fracture was determined by electrochemical luminescence method. According to the 25- (OH) D level, the children were divided into VitD deficiency group, VitD insufficient group and VitD sufficient group. The MCP-1 level, BMD and bone metabolism indexes of children among groups were compared and analyzed. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data in the paper. According to the data type, t test or χ2 test were used to compare among the groups, and the correlation of 25- (OH) D and MCP-1 levels with BMD and bone metabolism indexes was analyzed by Spearman and Pearson methods. Results:The difference of 25- (OH) D levels in different age childeren was statistically significant ( t = 145.26, P<0.05) , and the analysis showed that 26 cases were VitD deficient, 64 cases were VitD insufficient, and 110 cases were VitD sufficient; The mean BMD in VitD patients with different levels was significantly different ( F=783.25, P<0.05) ; With the increase of MCP-1, PTH and TPINP levels decreased ( F=78.98, 703.57, 243.27, P<0.05) , while the levels of PICP and BGP increased ( F=122.97, 340.32, P<0.05) ; 25- (OH) D was positively correlated with BMD, PICP and BGP ( r=0.93, 0.76, 0.87, P<0.05) , and negatively correlated with PTH and TPINP ( r=-0.94, -0.81, P<0.05) . MCP-1 was negatively correlated with BMD, PICP and BGP ( r=-0.54, -0.51, -0.56, P<0.05) , and positively correlated with PTH and TPINP ( r=0.57, 0.55, P<0.05) . Conclusions:The 25- (OH) D level is significantly correlated with BMD and bone metabolism indexes in preschool children after fracture, and the lack and insufficiency of VitD significantly affect BMD and bone metabolism status. At the same time, MCP-1 may also play an important role in metabolic changes after fracture. Therefore, in clinical treatment, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and management of 25- (OH) D and MCP-1 levels after fracture in children, which is of great significance to promote bone healing and improve bone density.

BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA) introduced the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) health and stage, reflecting the interaction among metabolism, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the cardiovascular system. However, the association between CKM stage and the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been validated. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term CVD risk associated with CKM health metrics and CKM stage using data from a population-based cohort study. METHODS: In total, 5293 CVD-free participants were followed up to around 13 years in the Chinese Multi-provincial Cohort Study (CMCS). Considering the pathophysiologic progression of CKM health metrics abnormalities (comprising obesity, central adiposity, prediabetes, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, CKD, and metabolic syndrome), participants were divided into CKM stages 0, 1, and 2. The time-dependent Cox regression models were used to estimate the cardiovascular risk associated with CKM health metrics and stage. Additionally, broader CVD outcomes were examined, with a specific assessment of the impact of stage 3 in 2581 participants from the CMCS-Beijing subcohort. RESULTS: Among participants, 91.2% (4825/5293) had at least one abnormal CKM health metric, 8.8% (468/5293), 13.3% (704/5293), and 77.9% (4121/5293) were in CKM stages 0, 1, and 2, respectively; and 710 incident CVD cases occurred during a median follow-up time of 13.3 years (interquartile range: 12.1 to 13.6 years). Participants with each poor CKM health metric exhibited significantly higher CVD risk. Compared with stage 0, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for CVD incidence was 1.31 (0.84-2.04) in stage 1 and 2.27 (1.57-3.28) in stage 2. Significant interactive impacts existed between CKM stage and age or sex, with higher CVD risk related to increased CKM stages in participants aged <60 years or females. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the contribution of CKM health metrics and CKM stage to the long-term risk of CVD, suggesting the importance of multi-component recognition and management of poor CKM health in CVD prevention.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology* ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Cohort Studies ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism* ; Aged ; Risk Factors ; Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism* ; China ; East Asian People

Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical efficacy of negative pressure suction bell in the treatment of young children (≤6 years) with pectus excavatum. Methods The relevant clinical medical records of the children with pectus excavatum who received negative pressure suction bell treatment in the Outpatient Department of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2019 to January 2023 were collected. The age, sex, type, severity, depth of depression, duration of use and prognosis of children with pectus excavatum were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 100 pediatric patients were ultimately included in the study, comprising 74 males and 26 females. The age distribution was 57 patients aged 0-3 years and 43 patients aged 3-6 years. All patients were prescribed and used a negative pressure suction device for at least 3 months, after which they returned to our department's outpatient clinic for follow-up. The treatment demonstrated clinical effectiveness in 99 patients, yielding an efficacy rate of 99.00%. The excellent/good rate was 52.00%, and the complication rate was 8.00%. After treatment, the Haller index and the depth of sternal depression were reduced compared with those before treatment (P<0.001), and there was no statistical difference in the effective rate and excellent/good rate between different genders, different ages, different types of pectus excavatum, or different severity (P＞0.05). Conclusion Negative pressure suction bell is safe and effective in the treatment of young children (≤6 years) with pectus excavatum, and the correction effect has nothing to do with gender, type and severity.

OBJECTIVE: To report the blood group antigen and antibody specificity identification methods for a patient with high-frequency antibodies, and the process of finding and providing compatible blood for the patient. METHODS: A patient sent from the Blood Transfusion Department of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital to Blood Transfusion Technology Research Laboratory of Taiyuan Blood Center in November 2022 was selected for the study. Classical serological methods were used to determine the patient's blood type, screen for unexpected antibodies, identify antibodies, and perform crossmatching. High-frequency antibody identification was carried out using red blood cells treated with various enzymes. Blood group genotyping was conducted using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and Sanger sequencing. Multiple strategies were employed to address the patient's blood source problem. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Taiyuan Blood Center [Ethics No. 2024 Ethics Review No.(2)]. RESULTS: The patient's blood type was B, RhD positive. Initial screening of the patient's serum with multiple screening cells and antibody identification cells in saline medium was negative, but positive in antiglobulin medium. The patient's serum showed varying reaction intensities with red blood cells treated with different enzymes. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and Sanger sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant c.376C>T (p.Gln126Ter) in the ABCG2 gene, resulting in the Jr(a-) phenotype. During family donor selection, the patient's son was found to have a heterozygous variant c.376C>T (p.Gln126Ter), and another heterozygous variant c.421C>A (p.Gln141Lys), which predicted a Jr(a+w) phenotype. Crossmatch tests confirmed the compatibility of blood from the patient's son, which was used to address the urgent blood requirement. Later, rare blood from a Jr(a-) donor from the Guangzhou Blood Center was used for the patient's ongoing treatment, saving the patient's life. CONCLUSION Combining classic serological testing with blood group gene typing techniques successfully identified the rare Jr(a-) blood type and high-frequency anti-Jra antibodies. Enzyme-treated red blood cell identification methods confirmed the presence of anti-Jra antibodies. By searching within the family and seeking help from other blood centers, compatible blood was found. This approach may provide insights for resolving similar complex blood matching problems in the future.
Humans ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching/methods* ; Blood Group Antigens/immunology* ; Blood Transfusion ; Male ; Isoantibodies/blood* ; Female ; Genotype