OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Flos Sophorae (FS) for treatment of psoriasis. METHODS: The active ingredients, targets and psoriasis-related disease targets of FS were obtained from TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET and String databases, and Cytoscape 3.8.0 software was used to construct the "FS -active ingredient-key target-signaling pathway-psoriasis" network. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the key targets were conducted, and molecular docking was performed using Discovery Studio 2019. In a BALB/c mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis, the effects of vaseline, FS at high, medium and low doses (3.00, 1.50 and 0.75 g/kg, respectively) and a positive drug, given 1 week before and during modeling, were evaluated on body weight changes, spleen coefficient, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score and skin pathological changes. Phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS: A total of 10 active components and 110 key targets were screened. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that FS improved psoriasis primarily through the PI3K/AKT, TNF, and IL-17 signaling pathways. Molecular docking showed that both quercetin and kaempferol could spontaneously bind to AKT1, TNF and other sites. In the mouse model of psoriasis, treatment with low-dose FS significantly improved epidermal thickening, increased body weight, lowered PASI score, and reduced phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic mechanism of FS for psoriasis involves multiple components, targets, and pathways that mediate the inhibition of the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins to suppress the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Animals ; Psoriasis/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Mice ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Imiquimod ; Phosphorylation

In recent years, the spread of clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection has seriously affected the yield and quality of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.. The cascade of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), a highly conserved signaling pathway, plays an important role in plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stress conditions. To mine the MAPK genes related to clubroot disease resistance in B. juncea, we conducted a genome-wide analysis on this vegetable, and we analyzed the phylogenetic evolution and gene structure of the MAPK gene family in mustard. The 66 BjuMAPK genes identified by screening the whole genome sequence of B. juncea were unevenly distributed on 17 chromosomes. At the genomic scale, tandem repeats led to an increase in the number of MAPK genes in B. juncea. It was found that members of the same subfamily had similar gene structures, and there were great differences among different subfamilies. These predicted cis-acting elements were related to plant hormones, stress resistance, and plant growth and development. The expression of BjuMAPK02, BjuMAPK15, BjuMAPK17, and BjuMAPK19 were down-regulated or up-regulated in response to P. brassicae infection. The above results lay a theoretical foundation for further studying the functions of BjuMAPK genes in B. juncea in response to the biotic stress caused by clubroot disease.
Mustard Plant/parasitology* ; Plasmodiophorida/pathogenicity* ; Plant Diseases/genetics* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Disease Resistance/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genome, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics*

OBJECTIVE To provide standardized whole-process guidance on drug traceability codes for medical institutions in Sichuan province， ensuring medication safety and compliance with medical insurance supervision requirements. METHODS Based on evidence-based principles and expert consensus， Expert Consensus on Whole-process Management of Drug Traceability Codes in Medical Institutions of Sichuan Province （hereinafter referred to as the Consensus） was formulated through systematic literature review， field investigations， establishment of a multidisciplinary expert committee and multiple rounds of questionnare consultation via the modified Delphi method， and finalized through consensus meetings. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The Consensus clarifies key operating procedures for code verification， code assignment and code return， whole-process operational standards for drug warehouse acceptance and storage， drug warehouse outbound delivery and pharmacy acceptance check， drug distribution and dispensing in pharmacy and intravenous admixture center， medication administration in nursing units and examination departments， as well as drug return process. Key recommendations are proposed such as improving the core functions of the drug traceability system， unifying the hospital-wide traceability code database， strengthening the management of traceability codes for backup medications， establishing a management organization and institutional framework， and optimizing the architectural design and data governance requirements of the drug traceability system. The release of the Consensus will provide scientific， standardized and implementable practical guidelines for medical institutions of Sichuan province， helping to improve closed-loop management of the drug traceability system， strengthen medication safety and fulfil medical insurance fund supervision.

Objective:To investigate the management effectiveness of the integrated service mode of community cerebrovascular disease specialty and general practice team on stroke management.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients with non-acute stroke who visited Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District, Beijing between September 2022 and January 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an integrated specialist-primary care group and a control group using a random number table method. Baseline clinical data were collected. Patients in the integrated specialist-primary care group received a collaborative care model combining stroke specialty services and primary care teams, while the control group received routine care. Neurological status, mental status, medical adherence, cognitive function, and psychological status were assessed using standardized scales at baseline, followed by evaluations every 3 months for 1 year, totaling 5 assessments.Results:A total of 142 non-acute stroke patients were included, with 71 in the specialist-primary care integrated service group, aged (69.5±7.6) years, including 43 males (60.56%), and 71 in the control group, aged (68.8±8.5) years, including 38 males (53.52%). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics such as age, sex, and body mass index between the two groups (all P>0.05). Prior to the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the Mini-Mental State Examination scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). However, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores on Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (all P>0.05). At 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores on these two scales for the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in adherence behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention ( P>0.05), but at 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the adherence behavior scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The integrated service mode of cerebrovascular disease specialists and general practice teams can effectively improve cognitive function, anxiety, depression, and compliance behavior, and is more conducive to the recovery of stroke patients in the community, which has popularization value.

Objective To collect and analyze outpatient prescription data for exogenous cough treatment from a hospital in Shenzhen,and to identify the characteristics and medication patterns of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods This study collected prescriptions from a hospital in Shenzhen for exogenous cough treatment in January 2024.R language for data mining were used to analyze the medication frequency,clustering patterns,and association rules in the treatment of exogenous cough by TCM and to explore the medication patterns and the usage of classic formulas in TCM for this condition.Results A total of 451 outpatient prescriptions for exogenous cough were include,the top ten most frequently used herbs were Licorice,Bitter almond,Bellflower,Ephedra,Tangerine peel,Stemonae radix,Tuckahoe,Pinellia ternata,Nepeta,Bulb of thunberg fritillary.Cluster analysis and association rules revealed that San'ao decoction,Kikyodon soup,and Zhisou powder were commonly prescribed,targeting lung function,dispersing wind,and resolving phlegm to effectively alleviate cough symptoms.Significant differences in medication usage were observed across different syndrome types.For the wind cold attacking lung pattern,the core herbs were warm in nature and focused on dispersing with acrid-warm properties.Conversely,the treatment of wind heat attacking the lung pattern typically involved cold-natured herbs,with a primary focus on clearing and draining lung heat.Stratification by age revealed that the pediatric group often used drugs with mild properties,such as Stemona and Shegan.The young adult group tended to be prescribed cold-natured drugs like Forsythia and Hogfonnel Root.The middle-aged and elderly group preferred warming and tonifying drugs such as Japanese Catnip and Perilla frutescens.Conclusion The TCM treatment of exogenous cough primarily focuses on releasing the exterior and dispersing the lung.Due to the region's subtropical monsoon climate and temperature fluctuations physicians flexibly modified classical formulas such as San'ao decoction and Zhisou powder according to individual constitutions and symptom patterns.This targeted,syndrome-based approach effectively disperses the lung qi,stops cough and transforms phlegm,and alleviates cough.

Objective To collect and analyze outpatient prescription data for exogenous cough treatment from a hospital in Shenzhen,and to identify the characteristics and medication patterns of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods This study collected prescriptions from a hospital in Shenzhen for exogenous cough treatment in January 2024.R language for data mining were used to analyze the medication frequency,clustering patterns,and association rules in the treatment of exogenous cough by TCM and to explore the medication patterns and the usage of classic formulas in TCM for this condition.Results A total of 451 outpatient prescriptions for exogenous cough were include,the top ten most frequently used herbs were Licorice,Bitter almond,Bellflower,Ephedra,Tangerine peel,Stemonae radix,Tuckahoe,Pinellia ternata,Nepeta,Bulb of thunberg fritillary.Cluster analysis and association rules revealed that San'ao decoction,Kikyodon soup,and Zhisou powder were commonly prescribed,targeting lung function,dispersing wind,and resolving phlegm to effectively alleviate cough symptoms.Significant differences in medication usage were observed across different syndrome types.For the wind cold attacking lung pattern,the core herbs were warm in nature and focused on dispersing with acrid-warm properties.Conversely,the treatment of wind heat attacking the lung pattern typically involved cold-natured herbs,with a primary focus on clearing and draining lung heat.Stratification by age revealed that the pediatric group often used drugs with mild properties,such as Stemona and Shegan.The young adult group tended to be prescribed cold-natured drugs like Forsythia and Hogfonnel Root.The middle-aged and elderly group preferred warming and tonifying drugs such as Japanese Catnip and Perilla frutescens.Conclusion The TCM treatment of exogenous cough primarily focuses on releasing the exterior and dispersing the lung.Due to the region's subtropical monsoon climate and temperature fluctuations physicians flexibly modified classical formulas such as San'ao decoction and Zhisou powder according to individual constitutions and symptom patterns.This targeted,syndrome-based approach effectively disperses the lung qi,stops cough and transforms phlegm,and alleviates cough.

Objective:To investigate the management effectiveness of the integrated service mode of community cerebrovascular disease specialty and general practice team on stroke management.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients with non-acute stroke who visited Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District, Beijing between September 2022 and January 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an integrated specialist-primary care group and a control group using a random number table method. Baseline clinical data were collected. Patients in the integrated specialist-primary care group received a collaborative care model combining stroke specialty services and primary care teams, while the control group received routine care. Neurological status, mental status, medical adherence, cognitive function, and psychological status were assessed using standardized scales at baseline, followed by evaluations every 3 months for 1 year, totaling 5 assessments.Results:A total of 142 non-acute stroke patients were included, with 71 in the specialist-primary care integrated service group, aged (69.5±7.6) years, including 43 males (60.56%), and 71 in the control group, aged (68.8±8.5) years, including 38 males (53.52%). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics such as age, sex, and body mass index between the two groups (all P>0.05). Prior to the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the Mini-Mental State Examination scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). However, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores on Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (all P>0.05). At 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores on these two scales for the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in adherence behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention ( P>0.05), but at 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the adherence behavior scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The integrated service mode of cerebrovascular disease specialists and general practice teams can effectively improve cognitive function, anxiety, depression, and compliance behavior, and is more conducive to the recovery of stroke patients in the community, which has popularization value.

Objective To analyze the current status and frontier trends of research on the application of cognitive-motor dual task training(CMDT)in stroke. Methods Relevant literatures on the application of CMDT in stroke were retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang data,VIP,SinoMed and Web of Science Core Collection from inception to October 11,2023,and was analyzed with CiteSpace 6.2R4. Results A total of 285 articles were included with 124 in Chinese and 161 in English.The annual number of publications showed a general upward trend.United States,Canada,Netherlands,China and United Kingdom were the lead-ing countries in terms of output in English.The scholar with the most publications in Chinese was Zheng Jiejiao,and the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in Huadong Hospital of Fudan University was the leading institu-tion for Chinese publications.Vrije University Amsterdam was the leading institution for English publications.The most frequent Chinese keywords were gait,falls,balance,cognition and postural control.The most frequent English keywords were dual-task,walking,gait,balance and cognitive-motor interference.Bursting keywords from the past two years included gait training,cognitive tasks,balance ability and cognitive-motor interference. Conclusion The researches on the application of CMDT in stroke are on the rise,with hotspots including gait training,cognitive tasks and cognitive-motor interference.The mechanisms of CMDT and the development of optimal CMDT rehabilitation protocols for stroke may be researched more in the future.

Objective To investigate the effect of Yigong San(YGS)on learning and memory abilities of rats with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced cognitive decline and explore its possible mechanism in light of intestinal microbiota.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,donepezil(1.3 mg/kg)group,and high-dose(5.25 g/kg)and low-dose(2.63 g/kg)YGS treatment groups.After 24 days of treatment with the corresponding drugs or water by gavage,the rats in the latter 4 groups received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS(0.5 mg/kg)to establish models of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Water maze test and HE staining were used to evaluate the changes in learning and memory abilities and pathomorphology of the hippocampus.The changes in gut microbial species of the rats were analyzed with 16S rRNA sequencing,and the levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1β in the brain tissue and serum were detected using ELISA.Results Compared with the AD model group,the YGS-treated rats showed significantly shortened escape latency on day 5 after modeling,reduced neuronal degeneration and necrosis in the hippocampus,lowered pathological score of cell damage,and decreased levels IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1β in the brain tissue and serum.The YGS-treated rats showed also obvious reduction of Alpha diversity indicators(ACE and Chao1)of intestinal microbiota with significantly increased abundance of Prevotellaceae species at the family level and decreased abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae,which were involved in such metabolic signaling pathways as cell community prokaryotes,membrane transport,and energy metabolism.Conclusion YGS improves learning and memory abilities and hippocampal pathomorphology in AD rat models possibly by regulating the abundance of intestinal microbial species such as Prevotellaceae to affect the metabolic pathways for signal transduction,cofactors,and vitamin metabolism.

Objective To explore the mechanism by which Yigong San(YGS)improves learning and memory abilities of APP/PS1 transgenic mice in light of cerebral fluid metabolism regulation.Methods Three-month-old male APP/PS1 transgenic mice and wild-type C57BL/6 mice were both randomized into control group,model group,donepezil(1.67 mg/kg)group,and YGS(7.5 g/kg)group and received the corresponding treatments via gavage once daily for one month.After the treatments,the mice were assessed for learning and memory functions using Morris water maze test and examined for hippocampal and cortical pathologies and amyloid plaques using HE,immunohistochemical and thioflavin S staining;ELISA and Evans blue method were used for detecting Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels in the brain tissue and serum and assessing blood-brain barrier(BBB)integrity.Immunofluorescence colocalization was used to investigate AQP4 polarization on astrocytes.Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of VE-cadherin,ZO-1,occludin,β-amyloid precursor protein(APP),BACE1,insulin-degrading enzyme(IDE),LRP1,RAGE,and AQP4 proteins.Results Compared with the control mice,APP/PS1 mice showed significant impairment of learning and memory abilities,increased degeneration or necrosis of hippocampal and cortical neurons,pathological scores,Aβ-positive plaques,elevated Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels in the brain tissue and serum,increased BBB permeability,upregulated RAGE expression,lowered expressions of VE-cadherin,LRP1,ZO-1,occludin,and AQP4 proteins,and reduced AQP4-expressing GFAP-positive cells.YGS treatment significantly improved the performance of the transgenic mice in Morris water maze test,reduced hippocampal and cortical pathologies and Aβ-positive plaques,and ameliorated the abnormal changes in Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels,BBB permeability,protein expressions of RAGE,VE-cadherin,LRP1,ZO-1,occludin and AQP4,and the number of AQP4-expressing GFAP-positive cells.Conclusion YGS improves learning and memory changes in APP/PS1 mice by ameliorating neuronal damage and Aβ pathology in the brain and regulating brain fluid metabolism.