In recent years, the spread of clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection has seriously affected the yield and quality of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.. The cascade of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), a highly conserved signaling pathway, plays an important role in plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stress conditions. To mine the MAPK genes related to clubroot disease resistance in B. juncea, we conducted a genome-wide analysis on this vegetable, and we analyzed the phylogenetic evolution and gene structure of the MAPK gene family in mustard. The 66 BjuMAPK genes identified by screening the whole genome sequence of B. juncea were unevenly distributed on 17 chromosomes. At the genomic scale, tandem repeats led to an increase in the number of MAPK genes in B. juncea. It was found that members of the same subfamily had similar gene structures, and there were great differences among different subfamilies. These predicted cis-acting elements were related to plant hormones, stress resistance, and plant growth and development. The expression of BjuMAPK02, BjuMAPK15, BjuMAPK17, and BjuMAPK19 were down-regulated or up-regulated in response to P. brassicae infection. The above results lay a theoretical foundation for further studying the functions of BjuMAPK genes in B. juncea in response to the biotic stress caused by clubroot disease.
Mustard Plant/parasitology* ; Plasmodiophorida/pathogenicity* ; Plant Diseases/genetics* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Disease Resistance/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genome, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics*

OBJECTIVE To provide standardized whole-process guidance on drug traceability codes for medical institutions in Sichuan province， ensuring medication safety and compliance with medical insurance supervision requirements. METHODS Based on evidence-based principles and expert consensus， Expert Consensus on Whole-process Management of Drug Traceability Codes in Medical Institutions of Sichuan Province （hereinafter referred to as the Consensus） was formulated through systematic literature review， field investigations， establishment of a multidisciplinary expert committee and multiple rounds of questionnare consultation via the modified Delphi method， and finalized through consensus meetings. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The Consensus clarifies key operating procedures for code verification， code assignment and code return， whole-process operational standards for drug warehouse acceptance and storage， drug warehouse outbound delivery and pharmacy acceptance check， drug distribution and dispensing in pharmacy and intravenous admixture center， medication administration in nursing units and examination departments， as well as drug return process. Key recommendations are proposed such as improving the core functions of the drug traceability system， unifying the hospital-wide traceability code database， strengthening the management of traceability codes for backup medications， establishing a management organization and institutional framework， and optimizing the architectural design and data governance requirements of the drug traceability system. The release of the Consensus will provide scientific， standardized and implementable practical guidelines for medical institutions of Sichuan province， helping to improve closed-loop management of the drug traceability system， strengthen medication safety and fulfil medical insurance fund supervision.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Flos Sophorae (FS) for treatment of psoriasis. METHODS: The active ingredients, targets and psoriasis-related disease targets of FS were obtained from TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET and String databases, and Cytoscape 3.8.0 software was used to construct the "FS -active ingredient-key target-signaling pathway-psoriasis" network. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the key targets were conducted, and molecular docking was performed using Discovery Studio 2019. In a BALB/c mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis, the effects of vaseline, FS at high, medium and low doses (3.00, 1.50 and 0.75 g/kg, respectively) and a positive drug, given 1 week before and during modeling, were evaluated on body weight changes, spleen coefficient, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score and skin pathological changes. Phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS: A total of 10 active components and 110 key targets were screened. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that FS improved psoriasis primarily through the PI3K/AKT, TNF, and IL-17 signaling pathways. Molecular docking showed that both quercetin and kaempferol could spontaneously bind to AKT1, TNF and other sites. In the mouse model of psoriasis, treatment with low-dose FS significantly improved epidermal thickening, increased body weight, lowered PASI score, and reduced phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic mechanism of FS for psoriasis involves multiple components, targets, and pathways that mediate the inhibition of the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins to suppress the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Animals ; Psoriasis/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Mice ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Imiquimod ; Phosphorylation

Objective To collect and analyze outpatient prescription data for exogenous cough treatment from a hospital in Shenzhen,and to identify the characteristics and medication patterns of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods This study collected prescriptions from a hospital in Shenzhen for exogenous cough treatment in January 2024.R language for data mining were used to analyze the medication frequency,clustering patterns,and association rules in the treatment of exogenous cough by TCM and to explore the medication patterns and the usage of classic formulas in TCM for this condition.Results A total of 451 outpatient prescriptions for exogenous cough were include,the top ten most frequently used herbs were Licorice,Bitter almond,Bellflower,Ephedra,Tangerine peel,Stemonae radix,Tuckahoe,Pinellia ternata,Nepeta,Bulb of thunberg fritillary.Cluster analysis and association rules revealed that San'ao decoction,Kikyodon soup,and Zhisou powder were commonly prescribed,targeting lung function,dispersing wind,and resolving phlegm to effectively alleviate cough symptoms.Significant differences in medication usage were observed across different syndrome types.For the wind cold attacking lung pattern,the core herbs were warm in nature and focused on dispersing with acrid-warm properties.Conversely,the treatment of wind heat attacking the lung pattern typically involved cold-natured herbs,with a primary focus on clearing and draining lung heat.Stratification by age revealed that the pediatric group often used drugs with mild properties,such as Stemona and Shegan.The young adult group tended to be prescribed cold-natured drugs like Forsythia and Hogfonnel Root.The middle-aged and elderly group preferred warming and tonifying drugs such as Japanese Catnip and Perilla frutescens.Conclusion The TCM treatment of exogenous cough primarily focuses on releasing the exterior and dispersing the lung.Due to the region's subtropical monsoon climate and temperature fluctuations physicians flexibly modified classical formulas such as San'ao decoction and Zhisou powder according to individual constitutions and symptom patterns.This targeted,syndrome-based approach effectively disperses the lung qi,stops cough and transforms phlegm,and alleviates cough.

Objective To collect and analyze outpatient prescription data for exogenous cough treatment from a hospital in Shenzhen,and to identify the characteristics and medication patterns of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods This study collected prescriptions from a hospital in Shenzhen for exogenous cough treatment in January 2024.R language for data mining were used to analyze the medication frequency,clustering patterns,and association rules in the treatment of exogenous cough by TCM and to explore the medication patterns and the usage of classic formulas in TCM for this condition.Results A total of 451 outpatient prescriptions for exogenous cough were include,the top ten most frequently used herbs were Licorice,Bitter almond,Bellflower,Ephedra,Tangerine peel,Stemonae radix,Tuckahoe,Pinellia ternata,Nepeta,Bulb of thunberg fritillary.Cluster analysis and association rules revealed that San'ao decoction,Kikyodon soup,and Zhisou powder were commonly prescribed,targeting lung function,dispersing wind,and resolving phlegm to effectively alleviate cough symptoms.Significant differences in medication usage were observed across different syndrome types.For the wind cold attacking lung pattern,the core herbs were warm in nature and focused on dispersing with acrid-warm properties.Conversely,the treatment of wind heat attacking the lung pattern typically involved cold-natured herbs,with a primary focus on clearing and draining lung heat.Stratification by age revealed that the pediatric group often used drugs with mild properties,such as Stemona and Shegan.The young adult group tended to be prescribed cold-natured drugs like Forsythia and Hogfonnel Root.The middle-aged and elderly group preferred warming and tonifying drugs such as Japanese Catnip and Perilla frutescens.Conclusion The TCM treatment of exogenous cough primarily focuses on releasing the exterior and dispersing the lung.Due to the region's subtropical monsoon climate and temperature fluctuations physicians flexibly modified classical formulas such as San'ao decoction and Zhisou powder according to individual constitutions and symptom patterns.This targeted,syndrome-based approach effectively disperses the lung qi,stops cough and transforms phlegm,and alleviates cough.

Objective:To investigate the management effectiveness of the integrated service mode of community cerebrovascular disease specialty and general practice team on stroke management.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients with non-acute stroke who visited Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District, Beijing between September 2022 and January 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an integrated specialist-primary care group and a control group using a random number table method. Baseline clinical data were collected. Patients in the integrated specialist-primary care group received a collaborative care model combining stroke specialty services and primary care teams, while the control group received routine care. Neurological status, mental status, medical adherence, cognitive function, and psychological status were assessed using standardized scales at baseline, followed by evaluations every 3 months for 1 year, totaling 5 assessments.Results:A total of 142 non-acute stroke patients were included, with 71 in the specialist-primary care integrated service group, aged (69.5±7.6) years, including 43 males (60.56%), and 71 in the control group, aged (68.8±8.5) years, including 38 males (53.52%). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics such as age, sex, and body mass index between the two groups (all P>0.05). Prior to the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the Mini-Mental State Examination scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). However, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores on Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (all P>0.05). At 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores on these two scales for the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in adherence behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention ( P>0.05), but at 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the adherence behavior scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The integrated service mode of cerebrovascular disease specialists and general practice teams can effectively improve cognitive function, anxiety, depression, and compliance behavior, and is more conducive to the recovery of stroke patients in the community, which has popularization value.

Objective:To investigate the management effectiveness of the integrated service mode of community cerebrovascular disease specialty and general practice team on stroke management.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients with non-acute stroke who visited Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District, Beijing between September 2022 and January 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an integrated specialist-primary care group and a control group using a random number table method. Baseline clinical data were collected. Patients in the integrated specialist-primary care group received a collaborative care model combining stroke specialty services and primary care teams, while the control group received routine care. Neurological status, mental status, medical adherence, cognitive function, and psychological status were assessed using standardized scales at baseline, followed by evaluations every 3 months for 1 year, totaling 5 assessments.Results:A total of 142 non-acute stroke patients were included, with 71 in the specialist-primary care integrated service group, aged (69.5±7.6) years, including 43 males (60.56%), and 71 in the control group, aged (68.8±8.5) years, including 38 males (53.52%). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics such as age, sex, and body mass index between the two groups (all P>0.05). Prior to the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the Mini-Mental State Examination scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). However, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores on Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (all P>0.05). At 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores on these two scales for the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in adherence behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention ( P>0.05), but at 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the adherence behavior scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The integrated service mode of cerebrovascular disease specialists and general practice teams can effectively improve cognitive function, anxiety, depression, and compliance behavior, and is more conducive to the recovery of stroke patients in the community, which has popularization value.

Objective:To identify the dosimetric and radiobiological differences of three radiotherapy techniques of whole breast irradiation with simultaneous integrated boost (WBI-SIB) following breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer (EBC).Methods:The data of 20 patients with early left-sided breast cancer who received radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Three radiotherapy techniques, namely hybrid intensity-modulated radiotherapy (HIMRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), were redesigned with the same prescription dose and target conditions. Then, doses to target volume (TV) and organs at risk (OAR), along with the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) and secondary cancer risk (SCR) for specific organs, were compared.Results:Compared to HIMRT and IMRT, VMAT led to significant decreases in various dosimetric indices of the affected lung and heart and increases in the Dmean doses to the healthy lung and healthy breast and V5 Gy doses to the healthy breast, with the differences being significantly different ( P < 0.05). The average NTCP values of cardiac death, radiation pneumonitis, and pulmonary fibrosis induced by VMAT were 0.41%, 1.62%, and 23.59%, respectively, significantly lower than those caused by other two techniques ( P < 0.05). No statistical differences were found in 10 dosimetric indices of OAR between IMRT and HIMRT, while the NTCP analysis suggested that the risks of cardiac death ( t = 2.70, P < 0.05) and pulmonary fibrosis ( t =4.11, P < 0.05) induced by IMRT were slightly lower than those caused by HIMRT. In addition, the excess absolute risk (EAR) to the healthy lung posed by VMAT was 1.65 and 1.83 times those induced by HIMRT and IMRT, respectively ( z = -3.92, t = -6.43, P < 0.05). In contrast, the EAR to the healthy breast induced by VMAT was 2.79 and 2.65 times those posed by HIMRT and IMRT, respectively ( z = -3.21, -3.70, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Among three intensive-modulated radiotherapy techniques of WBI-SIB for EBC, VMAT provides the optimal protection for the heart and affected lung but leads to the highest SCR to the healthy lung and breast. When VMAT is employed for young EBC patients or those with normal cardiopulmonary function, special attention should be paid to reducing low-dose irradiations to the healthy breast and thereby minimizing SCR. In contrast, VMAT might be more favorable for patients with pronounced cardiopulmonary risks or aged patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the association between household chemical use and respiratory disease (RD) in older Chinese adults. METHODS: The data were from the 2018 China Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS) database, which included 12,866 participants aged ≥ 65 years. The prevalence of RD was based on self-reported medical history, and patients were divided into diseased and non-diseased groups. The frequency of household chemical usage was divided into four categories, and a total score for eight household chemical usage categories was constructed. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between the frequency of household chemical use and RD, and a restricted cubic spline was used to determine the dose-response association. RESULT: After adjusting for all covariates, regular use of repellents [odds ratios ( OR) = 1.28, 95% CI 1.06-1.55] and oil removers ( OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.58) were associated with RD. There was a dose-response association between the total score of household chemicals usage and RD risk ( P non-linearity > 0.05, P for trend < 0.01). Using patients with the total score below 9 as a reference, the OR for patients with the total score ranging from 25 to 32 is 2.33 (95% CI 1.25-4.09). CONCLUSION Regular use of repellents and oil removers increased the risk of RD, and the dose-dependent relationship was also observed.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Aged ; Male ; Female ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/chemically induced* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Household Products/adverse effects* ; Prevalence

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty has become the main treatment method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures due to its advantages of convenient operation and low trauma.However,the optimal bone cement-vertebral volume ratio has not been determined. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone cement-vertebral volume ratio on percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:The clinical data of 100 patients with single-stage osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted to Xinjiang Bazhou People's Hospital from July 2019 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty.According to the bone cement-vertebral volume ratio,they were divided into the low volume group(15%≤ratio≤20%)and the high volume group(20%0.05).The vertebral anterior margin height in the low volume group was lower than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).The Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae in the low volume group was higher than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).(2)There were 10 H-type and 40 O-type bone cement distributions in the low volume group.There were 36 H-type and 14 O-type bone cement distributions in the high volume group,and there was no significant difference in bone cement distributions between the two groups(P<0.05).The bone cement leakage rate in the high volume group and low volume group was 10%and 6%,respectively.(3)It is indicated that both low and high bone cement-vertebral volume ratios can improve postoperative pain and functional dysfunction,but high bone cement-vertebral volume ratio can improve the morphological recovery of injured vertebral,which may be related to the fact that the distribution of bone cement in this group is more H-type.