Rice (Oryza sativa L.), as a thermophilic crop, is highly susceptible to cold stress during its growth process. Chilling injury at the plumule stage and seedling stage often affects the morphological development and leads to yield reduction of rice. The exploration and utilization of cold tolerance genes are among the most direct and effective approaches to address cold stress in rice. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with cold tolerance at plumule and seedling stages, in this study, we measured the seedling rates and survived seedling rates of the indica rice cultivar 'HZ', the japonica cultivar 'Nekken2', and their 120 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) under cold stress. A previously constructed high-density genetic linkage map was used for the mapping of the QTLs conferring cold tolerance at the plumule and seedling stages. A total of 4 QTLs for plumule-stage cold tolerance and 9 QTLs for seedling-stage cold tolerance were detected, with the maximum limit of detection reaching 5.20. Notably, a genetically overlapping QTL for both plumule and seedling stages was identified on chromosome 8, spanning a physical interval of 24 432 953-25 295 129 bp. Candidate genes within the detected QTL intervals were screened, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to analyze the gene expression during the plumule and seedling stages. The results revealed that LOC_Os03g06570, LOC_Os03g07100, LOC_Os06g08280, LOC_Os08g38440, LOC_Os08g39100, and LOC_Os08g39540 exhibited significantly differential expression between the parental lines. These genes were either significantly downregulated or upregulated under cold stress. Among them, the first three gene (LOC_Os03g06570, LOC_Os03g07100, and LOC_Os06g08280) were hypothesized to be key candidates regulating the cold tolerance of rice seedlings, while the latter three genes (LOC_Os08g38440, LOC_Os08g39100, and LOC_Os08g39540) were identified as comprehensive regulators of cold tolerance during both plumule and seedling stages. These findings lay a foundation for the fine mapping and cloning of cold tolerance genes at the plumule and seedling stages, providing valuable insights for breeding cold-tolerant rice varieties.
Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics* ; Oryza/growth & development* ; Seedlings/growth & development* ; Cold Temperature ; Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Ruian City, so as to provide a scientific basis for developing syphilis prevention and control strategies. MethodsDescriptive epidemiological methods were used to investigate the infection status of syphilis cases reported among the permanent resident population in Ruian City from 2014 to 2023, and its epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. ResultsA total of 5 482 syphilis cases were reported in Ruian from 2014 to 2023, with a male-female ratio of 1∶1.47. The average annual incidence rate from 2014 to 2023 was 37.51/100 000, with a declining trend in the incidence rate among females (APC=-4.78%, P<0.05). The incidence of primary and secondary syphilis decreased, while the proportion of latent syphilis cases increased. No cases of congenital syphilis were reported from 2017 to 2023. The majority of cases (60.29%) were reported among individuals aged 20‒<50 years. In terms of occupation, the highest proportion was found among housekeepers and the unemployed, constituting 42.70% the total cases. Dermatology departments reported the most cases in medical institutions, accounting for 33.38% of the total cases. The most likely route of infection was heterosexual transmission, accounting for 85.84%. ConclusionThe incidence of syphilis among females in Ruian City shows a declining trend, but the overall situation remains concerning. Prevention and control efforts should be intensified among key groups and high-risk populations, along with an enhancement on health education to curb the spread of syphilis.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of pelvic floor ultrasound parameters in post-cesarean stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and biofeedback efficacy evaluation. Methods A total of 215 pregnant women who underwent cesarean section were selected by simple sampling method. According to whether postpartum SUI occurred, they were divided into SUI group (n=88) and non-SUI group (n=127). The SUI group received biofeedback therapy. The ultrasonic parameters of pelvic floor were compared between the two groups. The ultrasound parameters of pelvic floor in the SUI group were compared before and after treatment. Results Bladder neck descent (BND), urethral rotation angle (URA) as well as levator hiatal area (LHA) and posterior urethrovesical angle (PUVA) in Valsalva state of the SUI group were significantly higher than those in the non-SUI group (P < 0.05). After biofeedback therapy, the total effective rate of 88 patients with SUI after cesarean section was 94.32%. The BND, URA as well as LHA and PUVA in Valsalva state of the SUI group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of BND, URA, LHA and PUVA in predicting the effect of biofeedback on post-cesarean section SUI were 0.853, 0.897, 0.865 and 0.887, respectively. Conclusion Pelvic floor ultrasound parameters are highly effective in diagnosing SUI after cesarean section and evaluating the effect of biofeedback therapy.

Objective To compare the efficacy of the emergency ESWL within 24 hours after the onset of renal colic and elective ESWL at 5 - 7 days after the onset of renal colic in the treatment for ureteral stones.Method From January 2008 to October 2009, 365 patients in the Second Hospital of Nanchang, with ureteral stones were admitted to our department for renal colic. They underwent emergency ESWL or elective ESWL with HK. ESWL- 108 energy electromagnetic shock wave lithotripter. Success rate of fragmentation, stone-free rate after 2 weeks of operation, pain recurrence rate, and complications were evaluated. The data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0. Results The success rate of fragmentation and the stone-free rate after 2 weeks of emergency ESWL were 96.76% and96.21%, respectively, which were higher than those (88.33% and 87.22%, respectively) of elective ESWL ( P ＜ 0. 05). The postoperative pain recurrence rate of emergency ESWL ( 4.32 % ) was lower than that (9.44%) of elective ESWL ( P ＜0.05). There was no difference of total complications between emergency ESWL (3.24%) and elective ESWL (2.78%) group (P ＞0.05). Conclusions Emergency ESWL is superior to selective ESWL and is the safe and effective method for the management of ureteral stones.