Objective To summarize the clinical and sonographic features of mammary Paget's disease (MPD). Methods Totally 34 female patients with pathologically confirmed MPD were retrospectively recruited. According to diagnosis,the clinical data and sonographic findings were reviewed and analyzed. Results Among these 34 patients,7 patients had single MPD; in the remaining 27 patients,16 were accompanied by invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC),7 by ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS),3 by both IDC and DCIS,and 1 by other pathologic types of carcinoma. Twenty-four patients presented with typical clinical features of MPD,whereas 10 patients had no typical features of MPD. Among the 24 patients with typical clinical features,ultrasound examinations showed that 11 had echoic abnormality in nipple-areolar complex,14 had lesions of breast,and 14 had microcalcifications. Among the 10 patients without typical clinical features,ultrasound examinations revealed echoic abnormality in nipple-areolar complex in 3 cases,breast lesions in 9 cases,and microcalcifications in 6 cases. Among the 14 patients with echoic abnormality in nipple-areolar complex,all of them presented as rich blood flow in nipple detected by color Doppler ultrasonography. Conclusions The main clinical feature of MPD is abnormalities in nipple-areolar complex. Sonography can recognize the echoic abnormalities of nipple and lesions of breast. Sonographer should be careful of the nipple-areolar complex when mass is found in breast.

Objective To explore the potential value of the virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) in the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions. Methods Totally 51 patients with focal pancreatic lesions underwent the quantitative analysis by VTQ. Based on the pathologic or clinical diagnosis,the VTQ values including lesional shear wave velocity (LSWV),parenchymal shear wave velocity (PSWV),and difference shear wave velocity (DSWV)(DSWV=LSWV-PSWV) were compared between the lesions and background parenchyma. Results The mean LSWV and PSWV were (2.39±1.25) m/s(0.60-4.39 m/s) and (1.59±0.63) m/s (0.76-3.22 m/s) in malignant group,(1.92±1.07) m/s(0.79-4.00 m/s) and (1.43±0.41) m/s(0.80-2.23 m/s) in potentially malignant group,and (2.40±1.10) m/s (0.89-3.42 m/s) and (1.48±0.44) m/s (1.03-2.11 m/s) in benign group. There were statistically significant difference between LSWV and PSWV in bengin and malignant group (P=0.029,P=0.005),while no statistical significance in potential malignant group (P=0.087). However,LSWV,PSWV,and DSWV showed no significant difference among these three groups (P=0.401,P=0.638,P=0.625,respectively). LSWV was not significantly associated with the tumor size (r=0.253,P>0.05) but had negative correlation with the depth of region of interest (r=-0.413,P<0.05). Conclusion VTQ may be valuable in the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions,although further research is still required.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) in predicting the circumferential resection margin (CRM) and maximum tumor thickness (MTT) of in T3 rectal cancer.

METHODSClinicl data of 53 patients with pT3 rectal cancer admitted to the Department of General Surgery in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from June 2011 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. CRM and MTT measured by ERUS were compared with corresponding pathologic measurements to assess the accuracy of ERUS diagnosis.

RESULTSERUS correctly predicted CRM status in 52 patients (98.1%, 52/53), whose sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 97.8%, positive predictive value was 85.7%, and negative predictive value was 100%. ERUS correctly predicted MTT status in 51 patients (96.2%, 51/53), whose sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 95.5%, positive predictive value was 66.6%, and negative predictive value was 100%. In the Bland and Altman plot, the agreement between ERUS and pathology was good.

CONCLUSIONEndorectal ultrasonography can accurately diagnose CRM and MTT, which can satisfy the clinical need for preoperative staging of rectal cancer.

Colectomy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Peritoneum ; Rectal Neoplasms ; ultrastructure ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the sonographic features and patterns of cystic renal carcinomas.

METHODSThirteen cases of cystic renal carcinoma confirmed by operation and pathology were examined by ultrasonography, and the cystic walls, septa and solid mural nodules were studied.

RESULTSSolid mural nodules of some cases and irregular thickening of the cystic walls and septa were characteristic findings for the ultrasonic diagnosis of cystic renal carcinomas. According to their pathologic mechanisms and sonographic features, cystic renal carcinomas were classified into 3 patterns: unilocular cystic mass, multiloculated cystic mass and cystic-solid mass.

CONCLUSIONSTypical cystic renal carcinomas can be well diagnosed, while atypical cases may be misdiagnosed as benign renal cysts by ultrasonography. Color Doppler ultrasonography and needle aspiration guided by ultrasonography are helpful in the diagnosis of these atypical cases.

Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic ; diagnostic imaging ; Kidney Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to provide the guidelines with respect to the location of the facial vessels, observe the potential reversed flow of the facial artery, and reemphasize the value of color Doppler ultrasound studies in flap planning.

METHODSA study was carried out to investigate the location and dynamics of the facial artery and vein using color Doppler ultrasonography in 12 adults.

RESULTSThe facial artery and the vein were located together at the lower border of the mandible. Around the oral commissure and under the nasal ala, they run apart from each other at variable distances. The reverse flow was observed in the 12 patients after the blood flow of the facial artery was blocked by applying pressure manually at the lower border of the mandible.

CONCLUSIONSThe divergence of the facial vein from the artery is important information in planning of axial pattern flaps. Observation of the reversed flow confirms the possibility of safe elevation of a retrograde flow-arterialized flap based on the distal portion of the facial artery.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; Face ; blood supply ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; methods ; Veins ; diagnostic imaging

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether Schwann cells (SCs) and fibronectin (FN) support the growth of damaged axons and their conductive function. METHODS: Thirty adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into 3 groups (n=10), and the following grafts: both SCs and FN, FN, and basal medium were implanted respectively into the lumbar of spinal cords hemisected at vertebra T(12). RESULTS: At 6 weeks postoperation, the latencies of spinal cord evoked potential (SCEP) P(1) wave in the three groups were 1.57 ms, 1.84 ms, and 2.03 ms, respectively. The differences between SCs/FN group and the other two groups were statistically significant. The number of regenerated axons in SCs/FN group was significantly greater than that in FN group. The number of survival neurons in L(4) and L(5) left dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in SCs/FN group was significantly greater than that in the rest two groups respectively. The latencies of P(1) wave were significantly correlated with axon counts in both SCs/FN and FN groups. CONCLUSIONS: SCs/FN grafted to the hemisected lumbar of spinal cords can produce robust axon regeneration and promote partial repair of their conduction. Surface recording of SCEP technique has been proved to be a reliable and less-traumatic method for assessment of recovery of afferent conduction in hemisected spinal cord.