[Objective] To analyze the loss rate of platelet donors and evaluate the strategies for establishing a platelet donor bank. [Methods] A total of 1 443 donors who joined the HLA and HPA gene donor bank for platelets in Henan Province from 2018 to 2020 were included in this study. Data on the total number of apheresis platelet donations, annual donation frequency, age at enrollment, donation habits (including the number of platelets donated per session and whether they had previously donated whole blood), and enrollment location were collected from the platelet donor information management system. Donor loss was determined based on the date of their last donation. The loss rates of different groups under various conditions were compared to assess the enrollment strategies. [Results] By the time the platelet bank was officially operational in 2022, 421 donors had been lost, resulting in an loss rate of 29% (421/1 443). By the end of 2023, the overall cumulative loss rate reached 52% (746/1 443). The loss rate was lower than the overall level in groups meeting any of the following conditions: total apheresis platelet donations exceeding 50, annual donation frequency of 10 or more, age at enrollment of 40 years or older, donation of more than a single therapeutic dose per session, or a history of whole blood donation two or more times. Additionally, loss rates varied across different enrollment locations, with higher enrollment numbers generally associated with higher loss rates. [Conclusion] Through a comprehensive analysis of donor loss, our center has adjusted its strategies for establishing the donor pool. These findings also provide valuable insights for other blood collection and supply institutions in building platelet donor banks.

In June 1958, the first specialized acupuncture hospital, the Affiliated Acupuncture Experimental Hospital of Jiangsu Provincial School of TCM, was established in Nanjing. This hospital was founded under the initiative of Mr. CHENG Dan'an, the founder of the Chengjiang School of Acupuncture. Centered on clinical acupuncture, the hospital also carried out research and teaching, forming an integrated development model of medical care, education, and research. Its development experience, including a clear hospital-running philosophy, orientation toward solving clinical needs, and deep integration of medical care, education, and research, provides important historical references for the construction of modern specialized acupuncture hospitals.
China ; History, 20th Century ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; Humans ; Acupuncture/education* ; Hospitals, Special/history*

Osteonecrosis of the mandible is also called avascular necrosis of the jaw, and it is a rare complication of bisphosphonates. It is characterized with pain, swelling, exposure of bone, local infection and pathologic fractures of the jaw. With the widespread usage of bisphosphonates in bone metastasis of malignant tumors and osteoporosis, this rare complication has received more attention in recent years. Here, we reported a case of bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) caused by intravenous zoledronic acid for osteoporosis. A 62-year-old female patient with 7-year history of Sjögren's syndrome and 3-year history of osteoporosis developed BRONJ after 3-year treatment of zoledronic acid. Two months before she went to the Peking University International Hospital, she visited the dentist for periodontal purulent secretion and extracted one tooth from the right mandible. However, the condition was not improved and she felt persistent pain and swelling in the right mandible. Hence, she received repeated root curettage, but there was no improvement. Finally, she was diagnosed with osteonecrosis of the mandible based on the digital volume tomography scan, which showed right mandibular osteonecrosis bone destruction. She underwent surgical debridement of the necrotic bone and administered intravenous antibio-tics at the Peking University International Hospital. Histopathological analysis of the bone biopsy further confirmed the diagnosis of BRONJ. Her condition was improved successfully during a 3-year follow-up. Osteonecrosis of the mandible become more common with the increased use of bisphosphonates. Recent study has reported that osteonecrosis of the mandible is more likely to occur in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. In addition, age, long-term and irregular administration of glucocorticoids, irregular oral examination and treatment also might be the risk factors in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the mandible. For the elder osteoporosis patients who would receive or had received bisphosphonate-related drugs, oral health status and the disease states associated with necrosis of the mandible such as Sjögren's syndrome should be comprehensively measured and fully evaluated during the whole process. Furthermore, to better understand and prevent or reduce the occurrence of this complication, we reviewed the patho-genesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of BRONJ.
Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/etiology* ; Diphosphonates/administration & dosage* ; Zoledronic Acid ; Imidazoles/administration & dosage* ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects* ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy*

OBJECTIVES: To explore the efficacy of DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy for management of cancer pain and provide reference for its standardized clinical application. Methods and. RESULTS: Recommendations were formulated based on literature review and expert group discussion, and consensus was reached following expert consultation. The consensus recommendations are comprehensive, covering the entire treatment procedures from preoperative assessment and preparation, surgical operation process, postoperative management and traditional Chinese medicine treatment to individualized treatment planning. The study results showed that the treatment plans combining traditional Chinese with Western medicine effectively alleviated cancer pain, reduced the use of opioid drugs, and significantly improved the quality of life and enhanced immune function of the patients. Postoperative follow-up suggested good treatment tolerance among the patients without serious complications. CONCLUSIONS The formulated consensus is comprehensive and can provide reference for clinicians to use DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy. The combined treatment has a high clinical value with a good safety profile for management of cancer pain.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Cancer Pain/therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Pain Management/methods* ; China

Objective: To evaluate the effect of exercise prescription intervention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), so as to provide the evidence for guiding appropriate physical activity and glycemic control in this population. Methods: In July 2023, T2DM patients managed by two community health service centers in Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, were selected as the study participants and randomly assigned divided into a control group and an intervention group. The control group received routine chronic disease management under the basic public health services, while the intervention group, in addition to receiving the same routine chronic disease management, was provided with exercise prescription to guide their physical activity at baseline (T0), after 3 months of intervention (T1), and after 6 months of intervention (T2). Data on weight-related indicators, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and blood lipid were collected through physical examinations and laboratory tests at T0 and after 12 months of intervention (T3). The differences in indicators between the two groups before and after the intervention were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Results: The intervention group consisted of 197 patients, including 99 males, accounting for 50.25%. The median disease duration was 7.10 (interquartile range, 7.80) years, and 113 patients had suboptimal HbA1c levels, accounting for 57.36%. The control group included 196 patients, including 99 females, accounting for 50.51%. The median disease duration was 6.10 (interquartile range, 7.00) years, and 100 patients had suboptimal HbA1c levels, accounting for 51.02%. Before the intervention, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in gender, educational level, disease duration, pharmacological treatment, smoking, alcohol consumption, and HbA1c levels (all P>0.05). In the intervention group, the proportion of participants engaging in aerobic exercise and strength training increased from 78.17% and 8.12% at T0 to 85.79% and 16.24% at T3, respectively (both P<0.05). The results of the generalized estimating equations revealed significant interactions between group and time for waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) following the intervention (all P<0.05). A statistically significant difference in waist-to-hip ratio was found between the two groups (P<0.05), with a greater reduction observed in the intervention group compared to the control group. Significant differences in TC and LDL-C levels were noted across different intervention time points (both P<0.05). Specifically, the intervention group demonstrated reductions of 0.35 mmol/L in TC and 0.42 mmol/L in LDL-C from baseline to follow-up (both P<0.05). Conclusion The 12-month exercise prescription intervention can effectively enhance exercise participation and reduce waist-to-hip ratio, TC, and LDL-C levels among patients with T2DM.

【Objective】 To study and compare the effects of different storage temperature and time on coagulation factor after cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor(CAF) melting, and to provide reference for the establishment of industry standards. 【Methods】 From June 2021 to May 2023, a total of 96 bags of CAF were sampled in 4 bags per month, and timely detected in the same month. After the CAF was melted in a 37℃ water bath, the mild to moderate lipemic blood was labeled. Each bag of CAF and two 50 mL transfer bags were divided into two bags and two groups of 20 mL each using a sterile adapter. One group was placed in a 4℃ refrigerator and the other in a 22℃ water bath for 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h. Then 2 mL of aseptic sample was taken separately and put into the test tube, and 1mL of sample and 3 mL of buffer were added into the other test tube with the sampling gun and mixed on the machine for testing. The experimental data of 60 bags without mild to moderate lipemic blood cryoprecipitation and coagulation factor were randomly selected and statistically analyzed by SPSS21.0. 【Results】 After melting, CAF was stored for 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h to detect the average content and growth rate of coagulation factor in the two groups: 1) Storage at 4℃, factor Ⅷ content was 118.62, 111.57(-5.95%), 105.51(-11.05%), 103.30(-12.92%), 94.35(-20.46%) and 83.25(-29.82%) IU/ bag, respectively; Storage at 22℃, the factor Ⅷ content was 118.62, 112.69(-5.00%), 111.41(-6.08%), 109.01(-8.10%), 101.55(-14.39%) and 92.75(-21.81%) IU/ bag, and the storage results of the two groups were compared. At 24 h at 4℃ and 48 h at 22℃, the content of factor Ⅷ had significant statistical significance(P<0.01), and when stored at 22℃, the decay rate of factor Ⅷ was slower; 2) When stored at 4℃, the content of factor V was 41.19, 41.31(0.29%), 40.52(-1.64%), 40.27(-2.23%), 39.05(-5.19%) and 36.99(-10.21%) IU/ bag, respectively; Stored at 22℃, the factor V content was 41.19, 41.71(1.25%), 42.54(3.28%), 41.94(1.80%), 39.21(-4.80%) and 35.64(-13.48%) IU/ bag, respectively. Comparison of storage results between the two groups showed that the content of factor V was statistically significant(P<0.05) and significantly significant(P<0.01) at 4℃48 h and 22℃48 h, respectively, and the decay rate of factor V was faster when stored at 22℃; 3) When stored at 4℃, the Fbg content was 268.86, 268.17(-0.26%), 262.46(-2.38%), 270.50(0.61%), 267.52(-0.50%) and 261.92(-2.58%) mg/ bag, respectively; Stored at 22℃, the Fbg content was 268.86, 265.86(-1.12%), 264.12(-1.77%), 265.89(-1.11%), 266.04(-1.05%) and 261.04(-2.91%) mg/ bag, respectively. There was no statistical significance between the 2 groups and the original 0 h content in each time period(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 After CAF melting, coagulation factor decreased with the extension of storage time, especially the decrease of factor Ⅷ, followed by factor V, while Fbg basically unchanged. Comparison between the two groups showed that, factor Ⅷ decay rate is slower, factor V decay rate is faster of storage at 22℃. CAF should be transfused as soon as possible after melting. If the delay is unavoidable, for the delay time less than 12 h, storage at 4℃ is recommended, fot the delay time more than 12 h and less than 24 h, storage at 22℃ is recommended.

BACKGROUND:The repair and clinical outcome of bone defects remains a hot and difficult area of clinical research,which is a common problem that plagues clinicians.Constructing suitable,reproducible and infinitely close to clinical animal experimental models and their scientific evaluation are essential for further clinical treatment of related diseases. OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively analyze the preparation methods and characteristics of common animal models of femoral bone defects and to assess their strengths and weaknesses,thereby providing some reference for relevant researchers to select appropriate animal models of femoral bone defects. METHODS:PubMed,Web of Science,Medline,and CNKI were retrieved for relevant literature published from January 1,2000 to August 1,2022.The keywords were"bone defect,bone,bones,defect,defects,defective,animal model,animal,model,laboratory,laboratory animal,animal laboratory"in English and"bone defect,animal model,experiment"in Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Twenty-seven randomized controlled animal experiments involving rats,mice,New Zealand rabbits,and sheep were included,analyzed and assessed.The most common types of bone defects were cylindrical bone defects and segmental osteotomy bone defects,generally found in the middle and distal femur.These models are mostly used to evaluate the effects of bone repair materials,drugs,drug-loaded active substances and physical therapy on bone defect repair and explore defect healing mechanisms,particularly the weight-bearing bone defect repair mechanism.Different defect kinds and femoral bone defect ranges have been found in different animal experiments.Researchers can select the suitable animal model and bone defect type based on the goal of the experiment and then set an acceptable bone defect value.Current studies have shown that cylindrical and segmental osteotomy-induced bone defects,mainly in the distal and middle femur,are mostly used in the animal models of femoral bone defects and that the surgical methods and postoperative management are more mature and operable to provide mature experimental animal models.In terms of cylindrical bone defects,rats and New Zealand rabbits are more suitable,whereas segmental osteotomy has no special requirements and all types of animals can meet the experimental requirements.

BACKGROUND:The distribution of the necrotic area plays an important role in hip preservation treatment.At present,there are few studies on whether the difference in the three-dimensional spatial distribution of osteonecrosis of the femoral head affects the clinical outcome of fibular support. OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between the spatial distribution and clinical outcome at the sites of osteonecrosis of the femoral head and fibular support using CT three-dimensional reconstruction so as to provide a basis for optimizing the applicable conditions of fibular support and improving the hip preservation effect of fibular support. METHODS:Eighty patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head who were treated with fibular support for hip preservation from January 2010 to January 2021 were selected as the study subjects according to the inclusion criteria.They were followed up for at least 2 years.According to the clinical outcome,the patients were divided into the successful hip preservation group(n=55)and the failure hip preservation group(n=25).3D reconstruction was performed according to the preoperative and postoperative CT images of the patients.According to the three-column theory,the femoral head was divided into outer nine areas,middle nine areas and inner nine areas(L1-9,C1-9,and M1-9)to explore the spatial distribution of necrotic area of the femoral head and fibular support area and its relationship with clinical outcome. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Before operation,the necrotic area of the femoral head was mainly distributed in L1,L2,L4,L5,C1,C2,C4,and C5(the upper and middle part of the anterior part of the outer ninth area and the middle part of the middle ninth area).After operation,the fibular support area was mainly distributed in L5,L6,C5,and C6(the middle and lower part of the outer ninth area and the middle and lower part of the middle ninth area).(2)There were significant differences in the distribution of osteonecrosis of the femoral head between the successful hip preservation group and the failure hip preservation group in L8(the posterior middle part of the outer ninth area),C3(the anterior lower part of the middle ninth area),C6(the lower middle part of the middle part of the inner ninth area)and M2(the anterior middle part of the inner ninth area)(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the distribution of fibular support in L5 and L6(middle and lower part of outer nine)(P<0.05).Among them,the L8 region could be used as an independent predictor of hip preservation failure in fibular support surgery.The area under the curve of the L8 single factor prediction model was 0.698[95%CI(0.575,0.822)];the sensitivity was 76%,and the specificity was 63.6%.(3)It turns out,when the necrotic area involves L8,C3,C6,and M2,especially L8,the failure of fibular support may increase,and when the fibular support involves L5 and L6,the effect of hip preservation is often not ideal.

BACKGROUND:Bone has bioelectric effects.However,bone defects can lead to loss of endogenous bioelectricity in bone.The implantation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds with bioelectric effect into bone defects will replenish the missing electrical signals and accelerate the repair of bone defects. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the bioelectric effect of bone tissue and expound the repair effect of electrical stimulation on bone defects,summarize the research progress of bioelectric effect applied to bone tissue engineering,in order to provide new ideas for the research of bone tissue engineering. METHODS:Relevant articles were searched on CNKI,WanFang,PubMed,Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases,using"bioelectrical effect,bioelectrical materials,electrical stimulation,bone tissue engineering,bone scaffold,bone defect,bone repair,osteogenesis"as the English and Chinese search terms.Finally,87 articles were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Bioelectrical effect combined with ex vivo electrical stimulation to design bone tissue engineering scaffolds is an ideal and feasible approach,and the main materials involved include metallic materials,graphene materials,natural bio-derived materials,and synthetic biomaterial.At present,the most widely used conductive material is graphene material,which benefits from its super conductivity,large specific surface area,good biocompatibility with cells and bones,and excellent mechanical properties.(2)Graphene materials are mainly introduced into the scaffold as modified materials to enhance the conductivity of the overall scaffold,while its large surface area and rich functional groups can promote the loading and release of bioactive substances.(3)However,there are still some major challenges to overcome for bioelectrically effective bone tissue engineering scaffolds:not only electrical conductivity but also the overall performance of the bracket needs to be considered;lack of uniform,standardized preparation of bioelectrically effective bone tissue engineering scaffolds;extracorporeal electrical stimulation intervention systems are not yet mature enough;lack of individualized guidance on stent selection to enable the selection and design of the most appropriate stent for patients with different pathologies.(4)When designing conductive scaffolds,researchers have to deeply consider the comprehensive effects of the scaffolds,such as biocompatibility,mechanical properties,and biodegradability.This combination of properties can be achieved by combining multiple materials.(5)Beyond that,clinical translation should be the ultimate consideration for conductive stent design.On the basis of evaluating the safe current threshold for electrical stimulation to act on the human body and facilitate the repair of bone defects,animal experiments as well as basic experiments are designed and then applied to the clinic to achieve the ultimate goal of applying bioelectrical effect bone tissue engineering scaffolds in the clinic.