Objective:To investigate the characteristics of thalassemia gene types in children in Liuzhou,Guangxi.Methods:A total of 822 children suspected thalassemia aged from 1 day to 14 years who were admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to April 2022 were collected.Gap-PCR and PCR combined with reverse dot blot hybridization were used to detect α-and β-thalassemia genes.Results:Among 822 children,561 thalassemia carriers were detected,with a detection rate of 68.25％.Among them,303 cases were detected with α-thalassemia,and the most common genotype was--SEA/αα(163 cases),followed by-α3.7/αα(37 cases)and αcsα/αα(26 cases),44 cases with HbH disease.240 cases were detected with β-thalassemia,with a detection rate of 29.20％,and the most common genotype was βCD41-42/β N(112 cases),followed by βCD17/βN(75 cases)and βIVS-Ⅱ-654/β N(11 cases),11 cases with moderate to severe β-thalassemia.18 cases were detected with α β-thalassemia,with a detection rate of 2.19％,and--SEA/αα complex βCD41-42/βN was the most common genotype(4 cases).In Zhuang and Han populations,the detection ratio of-α3.7α/αα in α-thalassemia was the same(both 12.50％).While,the other main types such as--SEA/αα,αCSα/αα and-α4.2α/αα had certain differences.In β-thalassemia,CD41-42 and CD17 were the main genotypes detected in Han and Zhuang.Conclusion:In Liuzhou of Guangxi autonomous region,α-thalassemia is the main type in children,with a detection rate of 68.25％,and--SEA/αα is the most common genotype in mild thalassemia,followed by βCD41-42/βN.The detection rate of moderate to severe α-and β-thalassemia is relatively high.There are certain differences in the distribution of thalassemia among different ethnic groups.

Objective To explore the potential influencing factors of post-operative healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in colorectal cancer patients,as well as the mediating effect relationship between the influencing factors and the diagnosis-intervention packet(DIP)payment differentials.Methods Medical data of patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery in a tertiary first-class cancer hospital in Guangzhou were retrospectively analyzed.According to HAI status,patients were divided into infection group and non-infection group.Baseline demographic information and differences in DIP payment differentials between two groups of patients were compared by rank sum test or chi-square test.The influence of each potential factor on the occurrence of HAI was analyzed by logistic re-gression.Mediating analysis was preformed by bootstrap method,and mediating effect of HAI and total hospitaliza-tion days on DIP payment differentials was evaluated.Results A total of 350 patients were included in analysis,50 were in the infection group and 300 in the non-infection group.The incidence of HAI was 14.29％.Logistic regres-sion analysis result showed that risk of HAI in patients with central venous catheterization ≥10.00 days was 13.558 times higher than that＜10.00 days(P＜0.001);risk of HAI in patients with urinary catheterization ≥3.00 days was 2.388 times higher than that＜3.00 days(P=0.022).There were all statistically significant differences in DIP payment differentials among patients with different ages,prognostic nutritional index(PNI),HAI status,total length of hospitalization stay,duration of surgery,central venous catheterization days,and catheterization days(all P＜0.05).The mediating analysis results showed that the occurrence of HAI resulted a change in DIP payment di-fferentials by affecting the total number of hospitalization days.The mediating effect value of total hospitalization days was 0.038,accounting for 35.68％of the total effect.Conclusion Medical institutions should pay attention to HAI resulting from prolonged central venous and urinary catheterization in patients underwent surgery for colorectal cancer,reducing the total length of hospital stay,thus reducing the overruns associated with the increased DIP pay-ment differentials.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

ObjectiveAt present, the matching reagents of commercially available rapid DNA instruments based on microfluidics chip technology are autosome short tandem repeat (STR) individual identification reagents. The non-recombining part of the human Y chromosome is widely used in forensic DNA analysis, particularly in cases where standard autosomal DNA profile is uninformative. Y-STR loci are useful markers to identify males and male lineages in forensic practice. In order to achieve rapid and fully integrated detection ofY-STR loci, this study constructed the RTyper Y27 microfluidic chip rapid detection system and validated the performance of this system. MethodsThe system was verified and evaluated by sensitivity, success rate, typing accuracy, peak height balance, sizing precision and accuracy, mock case sample tests, mixture detection ability, and inhibition tolerance. ResultsComplete Y-STR profiles can be obtained when the template amount of DNA standard 9948 was ≥8 ng, the number of blood cards was ≥3 pieces, and the number of oral swab scrapings was≥7 times. The success rate of fully integrated detection was 91.52%, and the concordance rates was 99.74% for 165 testing samples. The success rate of 115 blood spots in these samples was 90.43%, with a typing accuracy of 99.65%, the success rate of 50 buccal swabs was 94%, with a typing accuracy of 99.92%. There was no significant difference in typing accuracy between blood spots and buccal swab samples. The peak height ratio between different fluorescence channels was 89.81%. The standard deviation of allelic ladder for 10 runs was within 0.5 bp. The size differences between allele and corresponding allele in allelic ladder was within 0.5 bp. The maximum precision CV values within and between batches were 0.48% and 0.68%, respectively, which were lower than 15%. These data indicate that the system has good accuracy and precision. The system was capable of accurately typing oral swabs, blood cards, saliva cards, cigarette butts, blood swabs and seminal stains. Complete Y-STR profiles can be obtained and distinguish at the 1∶3 ratio of minor and major contributors in artificial male DNA mixtures. Complete Y-STR genotyping can be obtained under the interference of inhibitors, such as different concentrations of humic acid (50-400 mg/L), indigotin (20-100 nmol/L) and hemoglobin (100-500 μmol/L). ConclusionIn this study, the RTyper Y27 microfluidic chip rapid amplification system is combined with the Quick TargSeq 1.0 integrated system, and the Y-STR profile can be obtained in approximately 2 h. Through a series of verification experiments, the results show that the system has good repeatability, accuracy and stability, can meet the on-site Y-STR detection requirements, and can be used in forensic practice.

Objective This study aimed to clarify the intervention effect of salidroside(SAL)on lung injury caused by PM2.5 in mice and illuminate the function of SIRT1-PGC-1ɑ axis. Methods Specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the following groups:control group,SAL group,PM2.5 group,SAL+PM2.5 group.On the first day,SAL was given by gavage,and on the second day,PM2.5 suspension was given by intratracheal instillation.The whole experiment consist of a total of 10 cycles,lasting 20 days.At the end of treatment,blood samples and lung tissues were collected and analyzed.Observation of pathological changes in lung tissue using inverted microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The expression of inflammatory,antioxidants,apoptosis,and SIRT1-PGC-1ɑ proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results Exposure to PM2.5 leads to obvious morphological and pathologica changes in the lung of mice.PM2.5 caused a decline in levels of antioxidant-related enzymes and protein expressions of HO-1,Nrf2,SOD2,SIRT1 and PGC-1ɑ,and an increase in the protein expressions of IL-6,IL-1β,Bax,caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3.However,SAL reversed the aforementioned changes caused by PM2.5 by activating the SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway. Conclusion SAL can activate SIRT1-PGC-1ɑ to ameliorate PM2.5-induced lung injury.

Organoids are three-dimensional cell complexes formed by stem cells or tumor cells cultured and self-organized in vitro,which have higher simulation in morphology and function than the traditional two-dimensional cell drug screening model.However,the conventional organoid culture technology based on matrigel dome in culture dish or well plate has the problems of low throughput and time-consuming,which limits the application of high-throughput organoid drug screening.Therefore,a series of microfluidic high-throughput organoid culture and drug screening technologies have been developed.From the perspective of microfluidic technology,this paper reviews the current application of high-throughput organoid drug screening in three aspects:organoid culture,drug delivery and result detection.According to the different forms of organoid culture units,organoid culture techniques are divided into three categories:microfluidic droplets,microwells,and micropillars.According to the structure and working mode of drug delivery system,drug delivery system is divided into microchannel network and drug droplet array.According to the different forms of information obtained,high-throughput results detection methods can be divided into four categories:microplate reader,microscope,high-content imaging analyzer and chip sensor.Based on the above technologies,the application of typical organoid drug screening is introduced.Finally,the summary and prospect of organoid drug screening are presented.

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether casticin (CAS) suppresses stemness in cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) obtained from human cervical cancer (CCSLCs) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Spheres from HeLa and CaSki cells were used as CCSLCs. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) activity and mRNA levels, self-renewal capability (Nanog and Sox2), and cancer stem cell markers (CD133 and CD44), were detected by a colorimetric DNMT activity/inhibition assay kit, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, sphere and colony formation assays, and immunoblot, respectively. Knockdown and overexpression of DNMT1 by transfection with shRNA and cDNA, respectively, were performed to explore the mechanism for action of CAS (0, 10, 30, and 100 nmol/L). RESULTS: DNMT1 activity was increased in CCSLCs compared with HeLa and CaSki cells (P<0.05). In addition, HeLa-derived CCSLCs transfected with DNMT1 shRNA showed reduced sphere and colony formation abilities, and lower CD133, CD44, Nanog and Sox2 protein expressions (P<0.05). Conversely, overexpression of DNMT1 in HeLa cells exhibited the oppositive effects. Furthermore, CAS significantly reduced DNMT1 activity and transcription levels as well as stemness in HeLa-derived CCSLCs (P<0.05). Interestingly, DNMT1 knockdown enhanced the inhibitory effect of CAS on stemness. As expected, DNMT1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of CAS on stemness in HeLa cells. CONCLUSION CAS effectively inhibits stemness in CCSLCs through suppression of DNMT1 activation, suggesting that CAS acts as a promising preventive and therapeutic candidate in cervical cancer.
Female ; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; HeLa Cells ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism* ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism*

10,11-Dehydrocurvularin (DCV) is a natural-product macrolide that has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory activity. However, the underlying mechanism of its anti-inflammatory activity remains poorly understood. Aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in diverse inflammation-related diseases, which should be controlled. The results showed that DCV specifically inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in association with reduced IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 activation, without effect on the NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes. Furthermore, DCV disturbed the interaction between NEK7 and NLRP3, resulting in the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The C=C double bond of DCV was required for the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition induced by DCV. Importantly, DCV ameliorated inflammation in vivo through inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Taken together, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which DCV suppresses inflammation, which indicates the potential role of DCV in NLRP3 inflammasome-driven inflammatory disorders.
Animals ; Mice ; Inflammasomes ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Inflammation/drug therapy* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology* ; Interleukin-1beta/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective:To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ).Methods:The incidence rate of NAFLD in 115 females with SCZ over 40 years of age with complete clinical data was analyzed with the consent of the Ethics Committee of Nantong Fourth People's Hospital. A physical examination report of healthy subjects ( n = 95, female, age 40 years old or older) was taken as the control group. Natural language processing technology was used to extract relevant data from the patient's electronic medical record system. Body mass index, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, leptin, and adiponectin were used to establish a human NAFLD-related model. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the psychiatric symptoms, and physiological and biochemical indexes for the predictive value of NAFLD in female patients with SCZ. Results:The prevalence of NAFLD was significantly higher in the SCZ group (55.7%, 64/115) than that in the control group (26.3%, 25/95) ( χ2 = 18.335, P < 0.001). The prediction model showed that age, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, leptin, adiponectin, and body mass index were significantly correlated with NAFLD in females with SCZ. In the natural language processing search language model, arousal intensity (movements: uncontrolled running behavior) and emotional apathy were strongly linked to female patients with SCZ with NAFLD. Age, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, leptin, and body mass index were risk factors for SCZ to develop NAFLD, and adiponectin levels and uncontrolled running behavior were protective factors. Conclusion:The incidence rate of NAFLD is high in middle-aged and elderly females with SCZ. Natural language processing can help to automatically identify the risk factors for SCZ combined with NAFLD and has predictive and auxiliary diagnostic value.

BACKGROUND: Butylphthalide (NBP) and edaravone (EDV) injection are common acute ischemic stroke medications in China, but there is a lack of large real-world safety studies on them. This study aimed to determine the incidence of adverse events, detect relevant safety signals, and assess the risk factors associated with these medications in real-world populations. METHODS: In this study, data of acute ischemic stroke patients were extracted from the electronic medical record database of six tertiary hospitals between January 2019 and August 2021. Baseline confounders were eliminated using propensity score matching. The drugs' safety was estimated by comparing the results of 24 laboratory tests standards on liver function, kidney function, lipid level, and coagulation function. The drugs' relative risk was estimated by logistic regression. A third group with patients who did not receive NBP or EDV was constructed as a reference. Prescription sequence symmetry analysis was used to evaluate the associations between adverse events and NBP and EDV, respectively. RESULTS: 81,292 patients were included in this study. After propensity score matching, the NBP, EDV, and third groups with 727 patients in each group. Among the 15 test items, the incidence of adverse events was lower in the NBP group than in the EDV group, and the differences were statistically significant. The multivariate logistic regression equation revealed that NBP injection was not a promoting factor for abnormal laboratory test results, whereas EDV had statistically significant effects on aspartate transaminase, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Prescription sequence symmetry analysis showed that NBP had a weak correlation with abnormal platelet count. EDV had a positive signal associated with abnormal results in gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, prothrombin time, and platelet count. CONCLUSIONS In a large real-world population, NBP has a lower incidence of adverse events and a better safety profile than EDV or other usual medications.