Objective To explore the clinical value of albumin-globulin ratio(AGR)combined with prostate-specific antigen(PSA)and Gleason score in predicting biochemical recurrence(BCR)after radical resection in patients with localized prostate cancer, and to provide reference for early identification of BCR high-risk patients and individualized treatment. Methods The clinical data of 114 patients with localized prostate cancer treated during Sep.2019 and Sep.2023 were retrospectively analyzed.According to postoperative BCR status, patients were divided into the BCR group(n=43)and non-BCR group(n=71).Preoperative clinical and pathological data were compared between the two groups.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to assess the correlation between these indicators and BCR.The predictive performance of the combined model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare biochemical recurrence-free survival(BFS)among patients with different AGR, PSA levels and Gleason scores.Results Compared with the non-BCR group, the BCR group had significantly higher PSA level and ISUP grading, but significantly lower AGR level(P＜0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that AGR was negatively correlated with BCR(HR=0.031, 95%CI:0.008-0.119, P＜0.001), PSA was positively correlated with BCR(HR=1.009, 95%CI:1.002-1.016, P=0.017), and Gleason score was positively correlated with BCR(HR=1.551, 95%CI:1.199-2.005, P＜0.001).The area under the ROC curve(AUC)for the combined prediction model(AGR + PSA + Gleason score)was 0.886, with a sensitivity of 90.7% and a specificity of 78.9%.Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that patients in the low AGR group, high PSA group, and high Gleason score group had significantly lower BFS than those in the high AGR group, low PSA group and low Gleason score group, respectively(all P＜0.0001).Conclusion The combination of AGR, PSA and Gleason score is closely associated with postoperative BCR in patients with localized prostate cancer.The combined prediction model demonstrates high predictive efficacy and can provide an important reference for the early identification of high-risk BCR patients and for guiding individualized postoperative treatment.

ObjectiveColorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation is widely used in its clinical management. However, the biological basis underlying different TCM syndromes remains insufficiently understood. This study aimed to investigate the proteomic differences between qi-blood deficiency syndrome (QBDS) and damp-heat syndrome (DHS) in CRC patients and to establish a “syndrome-differential protein-herbal component” network for exploring potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets associated with syndrome-specific treatment strategies. MethodsTumor tissue samples were collected from 10 patients with pathologically confirmed CRC, including 5 patients diagnosed with QBDS and 5 with DHS according to standardized TCM syndrome differentiation criteria. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics was employed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the two syndrome groups. Functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, were performed to characterize the biological functions and signaling pathways associated with the identified DEPs. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was further applied to screen key syndrome-related proteins and construct a core protein prediction model. Subsequently, molecular docking was conducted to evaluate the binding affinities between representative herbal compounds, astragaloside IV and berberine, and the identified core proteins. Finally, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were performed in HCT 116 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cell lines to validate the anti-proliferative activities of these compounds in vitro. ResultsA total of 44 DEPs were identified between QBDS and DHS tissues, including 21 upregulated and 23 downregulated proteins in the QBDS group relative to the DHS group. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that these proteins were primarily associated with antiviral immune responses, regulation of inflammatory signaling, NF‑κB signaling pathways, cholesterol metabolism, and other biological processes relevant to tumor progression and host immune regulation. LASSO regression analysis identified eight core proteins with potential syndrome-specific significance. Among them, ST7, GPCPD1, and PODXL were closely associated with QBDS, whereas FAT1, GRB7, KRT7, MAFF, and MMP8 were associated with DHS. Molecular docking demonstrated favorable interactions between astragaloside IV and QBDS-related proteins, with binding energies lower than -5 kcal/mol, indicating stable binding activity. Berberine exhibited even lower binding energies and stronger binding specificity toward DHS-related core proteins. In vitro experiments further confirmed that both compounds inhibited CRC cell proliferation, while berberine displayed significantly greater anti-proliferative efficacy. The lowest 48 h IC₅₀ value of berberine reached 15.21 mg/L in CRC cells, indicating a stronger growth-inhibitory effect than astragaloside IV. ConclusionCRC patients with QBDS and DHS exhibit distinct proteomic characteristics, suggesting that different TCM syndromes possess unique molecular signatures. The identified core proteins may serve as potential biomarkers for syndrome differentiation, while astragaloside IV and berberine may exert therapeutic effects through targeting syndrome-specific molecular networks. These findings provide preliminary proteomic evidence supporting syndrome-guided precision integrative medicine in CRC and offer new insights into the biological basis of TCM syndrome differentiation and individualized therapeutic strategies.

Human non-histone lysine crotonylation plays crucial roles in biological activities.However,traditional wet-lab experiments are time-consuming and labor-intensive,making computational prediction methods increasingly popular in recent years.Despite the biological importance of lysine crotonylation,there are relatively few studies on human non-histone proteins.In this study,we developed an ensemble deep learning predictor named iHNHC-RsFPN by constructing a Residual Pyramid Network(RsFPN).First,three feature extraction methods were employed to encode sequence samples.Next,weak classifi-ers based on RsFPN were individually trained for different feature types.Finally,these weak classifiers were integrated to build a robust final predictor.Independent test results demonstrated that iHNHC-RsF-PN achieved outstanding performance across four key metrics:sensitivity(Sn=0.8580),specificity(Sp=0.7463),accuracy(Acc=0.7798),and Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC=0.5586).Comparative experiments revealed that iHNHC-RsFPN significantly improved prediction accuracy for hu-man non-histone crotonylation sites over existing methods.Additionally,we established a user-friendly web server(http://www.lzzzlab.top/ihnc/)that provides straightforward prediction services without complex calculations,facilitating further research for experts in related fields.

Ropeginterferon α-2b(Ropeg),a novel,long-acting pegylated prolene alpha interferon,is the first interferon specifically approved for the treatment of patients with polycythemia vera(PV),and has been found in clinical trials and experience to induce hematologic remission,control disease-related symptoms,and reduce JAK2V617F allelic burden in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPNs).It has a lower incidence and severity of adverse drug reactions than pegylated interferon alpha and hydroxyurea and a longer dosing interval.Some patients with low-risk PV and myelofibrosis can benefit from it.This article reviews the latest progress of Ropeg in MPN.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common malignancy of the digestive system,with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide.The standard treatment for CRC has,in the past,been surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy.However,these treatments have significant side effects and are particularly challenging for patients with advanced metastatic CRC(mCRC).Therefore,it is crucial to explore alternative and more effective treatments.In recent years,with the development of molecular technology,numerous biomarkers have been identified,and targeted therapy and immunotherapy have achieved surprisingly positive results in the treatment of mCRC.Patients receiving targeted ther-apy and immunotherapy have an improved prognosis and quality of life.On this basis,this article reviews the latest research progress in tar-geted therapy and immunotherapy for mCRC,providing a reference for precision treatment of mCRC.

Objective To explore the mechanism of baicalin mediating inflammatory response in rats with inflammatory bowel disease through microRNA(miR-21)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Methods A total of 60 SD rats were selected to construct inflammatory bowel disease rat model by trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid(TNBS)colon perfusion method,and randomly divided into 6 groups,with 10 rats in each group.They were divided into model group,low-dose group(gavage of 20 mg/kg baicalin),high-dose group(gavage of 80 mg/kg baicalin),high-dose+agomiR-NC group(gavage of 80 mg/kg baicalin+tail vein injection of 80 mg/kg miRNA negative control vector agomiR-NC),high-dose+agomiR-21 group(gavage of 80 mg/kg baicalin+tail vein injection of 80 mg/kg miR-21 agonist agomiR-21)and high-dose+agomiR-21+colivelin group(gavage of 80 mg/kg baicalin+tail vein injection of 80 mg/kg agomiR-21,along with intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg STAT3 activator colivelin).Another 10 SD rats were selected as control group without any treatment.The body mass of rats in each group was measured every two days during administration,and the status of rats in each group was observed after administration.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was used to evaluate the pathological damage.The myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity,inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indexes were detected by the test kit.The mRNA levels of miR-21,STAT3 were detected by qRT-PCR.The expression of STAT3 and p-STAT3 protein was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with model group,the status of inflammatory bowel disease and pathological damage degree of colon tissue in low-dose group and high-dose group were significantly improved,the levels of interleukin-13(IL-13),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH)were increased(P<0.05),while the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),malondialdehyde(MDA),reactive oxygen species(ROS),and miR-21 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA,p-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression were decreased(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with high-dose+agomiR-NC group,the status of inflammatory bowel disease and pathological damage degree of colon tissue were aggravated in high-dose+agomiR-21 group,the levels of IL-13,SOD and GSH were decreased(P<0.05),while the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,MDA,ROS,and miR-21 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA,P-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression were increased(P<0.05).Compared with high-dose+agomiR-NC group,the status of inflammatory bowel disease and pathological damage degree of colon tissue were aggravated in high-dose+agomiR-21+colivelin group,the levels of IL-13,SOD and GSH were decreased(P<0.05),while the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,MDA,ROS,and miR-21 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA and P-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression were increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Baicalin reduces inflammatory factors and oxidative stress levels through miR-21/STAT3 signaling pathway,and thereby ameliorates colonic injury in rats with inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective:To evaluate the practical effectiveness of a one-to-one mentorship-based short-term training model for senior medical professionals in clinical, teaching, research, and management dimensions based on the reaction and learning levels of the Kirkpatrick model, and to explore its application value.Methods:A total of 109 physicians and their 109 mentors who participated in the senior medical professional training program at The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2023 to May 2024 were included. The one-to-one mentorship teaching method was implemented. Data were collected through self-assessment questionnaires and mentor evaluation forms to analyze satisfaction, proficiency, competency improvement, and training effectiveness and their correlations.Results:Valid feedback forms were collected from 100 physicians and 100 mentors. At the reaction level, the satisfaction of trainees was high for mentors (99.00%, 99/100) and training content [clinical: 98.96%(95/96), teaching: 93.75%(15/16), research 85.71%(12/14), management: 100.00%(24/24)]. At the learning level, trainee self-assessed and mentor-evaluated proficiency exceeded 75.00% across all dimensions except research. Significant improvements in clinical, teaching, research, and management competencies were reported by both trainees and mentors ( P<0.001). Notably, evaluations of clinical competency improvement showed strong consistency ( r s=0.37, P<0.001). Conclusions:The one-to-one mentorship-based short-term training model demonstrated positive effects in enhancing mentorship outcomes and excellent educational effectiveness in senior medical professionals. This model is recommended for implementation in similar hospitals for training senior medical professionals.

Objective To explore the efficacy of DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy for management of cancer pain and provide reference for its standardized clinical application.Methods and Results Recommendations were formulated based on literature review and expert group discussion,and consensus was reached following expert consultation.The consensus recommendations are comprehensive,covering the entire treatment procedures from preoperative assessment and preparation,surgical operation process,postoperative management and traditional Chinese medicine treatment to individualized treatment planning.The study results showed that the treatment plans combining traditional Chinese with Western medicine effectively alleviated cancer pain,reduced the use of opioid drugs,and significantly improved the quality of life and enhanced immune function of the patients.Postoperative follow-up suggested good treatment tolerance among the patients without serious complications.Conclusion The formulated consensus is comprehensive and can provide reference for clinicians to use DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy.The combined treatment has a high clinical value with a good safety profile for management of cancer pain.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common malignancy of the digestive system,with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide.The standard treatment for CRC has,in the past,been surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy.However,these treatments have significant side effects and are particularly challenging for patients with advanced metastatic CRC(mCRC).Therefore,it is crucial to explore alternative and more effective treatments.In recent years,with the development of molecular technology,numerous biomarkers have been identified,and targeted therapy and immunotherapy have achieved surprisingly positive results in the treatment of mCRC.Patients receiving targeted ther-apy and immunotherapy have an improved prognosis and quality of life.On this basis,this article reviews the latest research progress in tar-geted therapy and immunotherapy for mCRC,providing a reference for precision treatment of mCRC.

Objective To introduce a modified technique of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction using a handmade bicuspid pulmonary valve crafted from expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) and to summarize the early single-center experience. Methods Patients with complex congenital heart diseases (CHD) who underwent RVOT reconstruction with a handmade ePTFE bicuspid pulmonary valve due to pulmonary regurgitation at Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital from April 2021 to February 2022 were selected. Postoperative artificial valve function and right heart function indicators were evaluated. Results A total of 17 patients were included, comprising 10 males and 7 females, with a mean age of (18.18±12.14) years and a mean body weight of (40.94±19.45) kg. Sixteen patients underwent reconstruction with a handmade valved conduit, with conduit sizes ranging from 18 to 24 mm. No patients required mechanical circulatory support, and no in-hospital deaths occurred. During a mean follow-up period of 12.89 months, only one patient developed valve dysfunction, and no related complications or adverse events were observed. The degree of pulmonary regurgitation was significantly improved post-RVOT reconstruction and during follow-up compared to preoperative levels (P<0.001). Postoperative right atrial diameter, right ventricular diameter, and tricuspid regurgitation area were all significantly reduced compared to preoperative values (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of a 0.1 mm ePTFE handmade bicuspid pulmonary valve for RVOT reconstruction in complex CHD is a feasible, effective, and safe technique.