The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated death globally. Liver transplantation (LT) has emerged as a key treatment for patients with HCC, and the Milan criteria have been adopted as the cornerstone of the selection policy. To allow more patients to benefit from LT, a number of expanded criteria have been proposed, many of which use radiologic morphological characteristics with larger and more tumors as surrogates to predict outcomes. Other groups developed indices incorporating biological variables and dynamic markers of response to locoregional treatment. These expanded selection criteria achieved satisfactory results with limited liver supplies. In addition, a number of prognostic models have been developed using clinicopathological characteristics, imaging radiomics features, genetic data, and advanced techniques such as artificial intelligence. These models could improve prognostic estimation, establish surveillance strategies, and bolster long-term outcomes in patients with HCC. In this study, we reviewed the latest findings and achievements regarding the selection criteria and post-transplant prognostic models for LT in patients with HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated death globally. Liver transplantation (LT) has emerged as a key treatment for patients with HCC, and the Milan criteria have been adopted as the cornerstone of the selection policy. To allow more patients to benefit from LT, a number of expanded criteria have been proposed, many of which use radiologic morphological characteristics with larger and more tumors as surrogates to predict outcomes. Other groups developed indices incorporating biological variables and dynamic markers of response to locoregional treatment. These expanded selection criteria achieved satisfactory results with limited liver supplies. In addition, a number of prognostic models have been developed using clinicopathological characteristics, imaging radiomics features, genetic data, and advanced techniques such as artificial intelligence. These models could improve prognostic estimation, establish surveillance strategies, and bolster long-term outcomes in patients with HCC. In this study, we reviewed the latest findings and achievements regarding the selection criteria and post-transplant prognostic models for LT in patients with HCC.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of Qingda Granule (QDG) in ameliorating hypertension-induced cardiac damage and investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS: Twenty spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were used to develope a hypertension-induced cardiac damage model. Another 10 Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as normotension group. Rats were administrated intragastrically QDG [0.9 g/(kg•d)] or an equivalent volume of pure water for 8 weeks. Blood pressure, histopathological changes, cardiac function, levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory response markers were measured. Furthermore, to gain insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of QDG against hypertension-induced cardiac injury, a network pharmacology study was conducted. Predicted results were validated by Western blot, radioimmunoassay immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS: The administration of QDG resulted in a significant decrease in blood pressure levels in SHRs (P<0.01). Histological examinations, including hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson trichrome staining revealed that QDG effectively attenuated hypertension-induced cardiac damage. Furthermore, echocardiography demonstrated that QDG improved hypertension-associated cardiac dysfunction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetric method indicated that QDG significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory response levels in both myocardial tissue and serum (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Both network pharmacology and experimental investigations confirmed that QDG exerted its beneficial effects in decreasing hypertension-induced cardiac damage by regulating the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II (Ang II)/Ang II receptor type 1 axis and ACE/Ang II/Ang II receptor type 2 axis.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Hypertension/pathology* ; Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects* ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Male ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Blood Pressure/drug effects* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Rats ; Inflammation/pathology*

OBJECTIVES: To explore the efficacy of DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy for management of cancer pain and provide reference for its standardized clinical application. Methods and. RESULTS: Recommendations were formulated based on literature review and expert group discussion, and consensus was reached following expert consultation. The consensus recommendations are comprehensive, covering the entire treatment procedures from preoperative assessment and preparation, surgical operation process, postoperative management and traditional Chinese medicine treatment to individualized treatment planning. The study results showed that the treatment plans combining traditional Chinese with Western medicine effectively alleviated cancer pain, reduced the use of opioid drugs, and significantly improved the quality of life and enhanced immune function of the patients. Postoperative follow-up suggested good treatment tolerance among the patients without serious complications. CONCLUSIONS The formulated consensus is comprehensive and can provide reference for clinicians to use DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy. The combined treatment has a high clinical value with a good safety profile for management of cancer pain.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Cancer Pain/therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Pain Management/methods* ; China

Objective:To systematically evaluate the differences in CT values between virtual non-contrast (VNC) images and true non-contrast (TNC) images generated from dual-energy CT (DECT), and to validate the feasibility of VNC images replacing TNC images in dose calculations for photon and proton radiotherapy plans.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 40 patients with solid tumors (20 cranial, 10 thoracic and 10 abdominal cases) who underwent DECT scans at Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from February 2022 to May 2023. VNC and TNC images were registered slice-by-slice. The differences in CT values of anatomical structures were compared, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of CT values of different anatomical structures in VNC and TNC images. For structures with significant differences, linear regression models (TNC=β×VNC+α) were established using the least squares method. In the Varian Eclipse 15.5 treatment planning system, photon and proton radiotherapy plans based on TNC images and VNC images, as well as the proton radiotherapy plan based on the VNC images corrected by the regression models, were respectively designed. Dose differences of radiotherapy plans designed based on the two images were evaluated. To evaluate dose variations in regions adjacent to the clinical target volume (CTV), two 2-mm-thick annular reference structures were generated on the axial slice containing the largest cross-section of the CTV, extending cranially and caudally from the CTV. These structures were designated as Ring_p and Ring_d, respectively.Results:The differences in CT values between VNC and TNC images were mainly concentrated in the bony structure. The CT values difference between TNC and VNC images was (409.07±53.38) HU for the skull in 20 cranial tumor patients ( t=13.88, P<0.001), and (118.66±20.90) HU for the vertebral bone in 10 thoracic and 10 abdominal tumor patients ( t=10.43, P<0.001). The CT values of the skull and spine showed high correlation between TNC and VNC images ( r=0.98, P<0.001; r=0.99, P<0.001). The regression models established respectively were: TNC=1.859×VNC+33.896 (skull), and TNC=1.827×VNC+5.491 (spine). For photon radiotherapy plans based on TNC and VNC images, the D mean of the CTV were (60.00±0.00) and (60.00±0.00) Gy respectively, with D mean of Ring_p were (61.17±1.69) and (61.01±1.67) Gy, and Ring_d were (55.26±2.06) and (55.20±1.94) Gy, respectively. The relative dose differences in D mean between the two image types were 0 ( t<0.01, P>0.999), 0.33% ( t=0.30, P=0.766), and 0.19% ( t=0.07, P=0.947), all with no statistically significant differences. For proton radiotherapy plans based on TNC and VNC images, the D mean of the CTV were (61.73±0.32) and (61.67±0.26) Gy (RBE), respectively, with D mean of Ring_p were (61.19±0.44) and (60.53±1.22) Gy (RBE), and Ring_d were (60.97±0.67) and (59.80±4.26) Gy (RBE), respectively. The relative dose differences in D mean between the two image types were 0.24% ( t=0.63, P=0.530), 1.80% ( t=1.45, P=0.156), and 3.56% ( t=2.26, P=0.030), with a statistically significant difference in the Ring_d region. In the proton radiotherapy plan designed based on the corrected VNC images, the D mean of the CTV was (61.75±0.32) Gy (RBE), Ring_p was (61.43±0.71) Gy (RBE), and Ring_d was (59.96±2.80) Gy (RBE). The relative dose differences in D mean between TNC images and corrected VNC images were 0.16% ( t=0.19, P=0.850), 0.76% ( t=1.32, P=0.196), and 2.22% ( t=1.93, P=0.061), respectively, with no statistically significant differences. Conclusions:The differences in CT values between VNC and TNC images in DECT mainly exist in bony structures, particularly in the skull and vertebrae. For patients with cranial tumors, VNC images can be directly used in photon radiotherapy planning. In contrast, for proton therapy, after being corrected by the regression model, VNC images can effectively replace TNC images for the dose calculations of radiotherapy plan.

Objective To investigate the work capability need of offshore workers,and then to construct the evaluation indicator system of work capability for different positions of offshore workers.Methods Literature search,cluster analysis,key events,weight calculation and expert assessment were applied in this study.Results After the indicator screening,weight calculation and expert verification,the work capability evaluation indicator system was established,which contained 5 dimensions and 24 items.The indicators were sequenced according to the weight calculation,and the coefficient of variation of each indicator was less than 20%.Conclusion The construction of the work capability evaluation indicator system for different positions of offshore workers not only improves the content of the offshore job performance evaluation system,but also meets the demand for enhancing offshore operation support.It has greatly practical significance and promotion value.

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)are a novel class of non-coding small RNAs,which have various biological functions such as regulating gene expression,protein translation,epigenetic inheritance,cell proliferation and apoptosis,and communication.tsRNA is abnormally expressed in respiratory system cancers,lung injury,pulmonary hypertension,childhood obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and respiratory virus infections,affecting the occurrence and development of these diseases.However,the regulatory mechanism of tsRNAs in respiratory diseases has not been fully elucidated yet.Therefore,this review introduces the sources,classification and detection methods of tsRNA,summarizes the biological functions of tsRNA in respiratory diseases,related regulatory mechanisms,and its application prospects as biomarker in clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation,aiming to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases,and to provide reference for in-depth research on tsRNA regulation of respiratory diseases.

The circadian clock plays a critical role in regulating various physiological processes, including gene expression, metabolic regulation, immune response, and the sleep-wake cycle in living organisms. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial regulatory mechanisms to maintain the precise oscillation of the circadian clock. By modulating the stability, activity, cell localization and protein-protein interactions of core clock proteins, PTMs enable these proteins to respond dynamically to environmental and intracellular changes, thereby sustaining the periodic oscillations of the circadian clock. Different types of PTMs exert their effects through distincting molecular mechanisms, collectively ensuring the proper function of the circadian system. This review systematically summarized several major types of PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation and oxidative modification, and overviewed their roles in regulating the core clock proteins and the associated pathways, with the goals of providing a theoretical foundation for the deeper understanding of clock mechanisms and the treatment of diseases associated with circadian disruption.
Protein Processing, Post-Translational/physiology* ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology* ; Humans ; Animals ; CLOCK Proteins/physiology* ; Circadian Clocks/physiology* ; Phosphorylation ; Acetylation ; Ubiquitination ; Sumoylation