Objective:To summarize and analyze the risk factors associated with bronchial mucus plugs (BMPs) in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP),providing a clinical basis for the indication of bronchoscopy in children with MPP.Methods:A total of 72 children with MPP admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2022 to December 2024,who underwent bronchoscopy,were selected for this study.According to the presence or absence of BMPs under tracheoscopy,the patients were divided into the mucus plug group and the non-mucus plug group,and their clinical data were analyzed and compared.Results:Among the 72 children with MPP,30 cases (41.7%) were in the mucus plug group,while 42 cases (58.3%) were in the non-mucus plug group.Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thermal peak ( OR 2.086,95% CI 1.029-4.299, P=0.041),thermal duration ( OR 1.453,95% CI 1.197-1.763, P < 0.001),thermal duration ≥10 days ( OR 26.154,95% CI 5.316-128.661, P<0.001),combined with pleural effusion ( OR 4.727,95% CI 1.136-19.677, P=0.033),atelectasis ( OR 5.636,95% CI 2.024-15.699, P<0.001),lymphocyte proportion( OR 0.936,95% CI 0.888-0.978, P=0.014),neutrophil proportion( OR 1.048,95% CI 1.005-1.093, P=0.028),lactatedehydrogenase ( OR 1.005,95% CI 1.001-1.009, P = 0.028),D-dimer ( OR 2.203,95% CI 1.133-4.280, P = 0.020),fibrin degradation products ( OR 1.563,95% CI 1.095-2.231, P=0.014),and no heat regression within 72 hours of hormone use ( OR 0.239,95% CI 0.085-0.667, P=0.006) were significant influencing factors for the formation of BMPs in children with MPP.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thermal duration ≥10 days and atelectasis were independent risk factors for BMPs formation ( P<0.05). Conclusion:For MPP children with thermal duration≥10 days,especially with atelectasis,BMPs may have been formed,and it is recommended to perform bronchoscopy as soon as possible.

Objective To evaluate the quality of Xi xiong(Gansu Chuanxiong)based on the combination of intelligent sensory technology,HPLC and HS-SPME-GC-MS.Methods The chromaticity values of 10 batches of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples were measured using a colorimeter and clustering analysis was performed;an electronic nose was used to measure the odor of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma,and Loadings and PCA were conducted;According to the method under the Chuanxiaong Rhizoma section of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the moisture,ash content and extract were determined;HPLC was used to determine the contents of ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid and ligustrazine;the volatile components were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS;the quality of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma was evaluated by analyzing the correlation between chromaticity value,odor and active components.Results The total color value of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma ranged from 31.210 1±1.193 7 to 43.976 3±0.721 4,at the Euclidean distance of 10,and the 10 batches of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma could be clustered into four categories;Loadings and PCA showed that the higher contribution of sensors W2S,W5S,W2W,W1W and W1S to Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples,the variance contribution of the first and second principal components was 62.6%and 22.4%,respectively;water,ash and extract in 10 batches of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma all met the standards of Chinese Pharmacopoeia;the HPLC determination results indicated that the content of ferulic acid in Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma was greater than 0.192 6%,ligustrazine content was between 0.001 2%and 0.006 1%,chlorogenic acid content was greater than 0.016 4%;HS-SPME-GC-MS results indicated 52 volatile components were identified in Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples,the olefin compounds were rich in species,phenyphthalide compounds had the highest relative content;the correlation analysis showed that the color values ΔL*,Δb* and ΔE showed a high degree of correlation with ferulic acid and ligusticum tecidate A.Conclusion This study clarifies the intrinsic quality of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma and provides a theoretical basis for research on Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma.

Objective To evaluate the quality of Xi xiong(Gansu Chuanxiong)based on the combination of intelligent sensory technology,HPLC and HS-SPME-GC-MS.Methods The chromaticity values of 10 batches of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples were measured using a colorimeter and clustering analysis was performed;an electronic nose was used to measure the odor of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma,and Loadings and PCA were conducted;According to the method under the Chuanxiaong Rhizoma section of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the moisture,ash content and extract were determined;HPLC was used to determine the contents of ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid and ligustrazine;the volatile components were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS;the quality of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma was evaluated by analyzing the correlation between chromaticity value,odor and active components.Results The total color value of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma ranged from 31.210 1±1.193 7 to 43.976 3±0.721 4,at the Euclidean distance of 10,and the 10 batches of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma could be clustered into four categories;Loadings and PCA showed that the higher contribution of sensors W2S,W5S,W2W,W1W and W1S to Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples,the variance contribution of the first and second principal components was 62.6%and 22.4%,respectively;water,ash and extract in 10 batches of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma all met the standards of Chinese Pharmacopoeia;the HPLC determination results indicated that the content of ferulic acid in Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma was greater than 0.192 6%,ligustrazine content was between 0.001 2%and 0.006 1%,chlorogenic acid content was greater than 0.016 4%;HS-SPME-GC-MS results indicated 52 volatile components were identified in Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples,the olefin compounds were rich in species,phenyphthalide compounds had the highest relative content;the correlation analysis showed that the color values ΔL*,Δb* and ΔE showed a high degree of correlation with ferulic acid and ligusticum tecidate A.Conclusion This study clarifies the intrinsic quality of Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma and provides a theoretical basis for research on Gansu Chuanxiong Rhizoma.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the risk factors associated with bronchial mucus plugs (BMPs) in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP),providing a clinical basis for the indication of bronchoscopy in children with MPP.Methods:A total of 72 children with MPP admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2022 to December 2024,who underwent bronchoscopy,were selected for this study.According to the presence or absence of BMPs under tracheoscopy,the patients were divided into the mucus plug group and the non-mucus plug group,and their clinical data were analyzed and compared.Results:Among the 72 children with MPP,30 cases (41.7%) were in the mucus plug group,while 42 cases (58.3%) were in the non-mucus plug group.Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thermal peak ( OR 2.086,95% CI 1.029-4.299, P=0.041),thermal duration ( OR 1.453,95% CI 1.197-1.763, P < 0.001),thermal duration ≥10 days ( OR 26.154,95% CI 5.316-128.661, P<0.001),combined with pleural effusion ( OR 4.727,95% CI 1.136-19.677, P=0.033),atelectasis ( OR 5.636,95% CI 2.024-15.699, P<0.001),lymphocyte proportion( OR 0.936,95% CI 0.888-0.978, P=0.014),neutrophil proportion( OR 1.048,95% CI 1.005-1.093, P=0.028),lactatedehydrogenase ( OR 1.005,95% CI 1.001-1.009, P = 0.028),D-dimer ( OR 2.203,95% CI 1.133-4.280, P = 0.020),fibrin degradation products ( OR 1.563,95% CI 1.095-2.231, P=0.014),and no heat regression within 72 hours of hormone use ( OR 0.239,95% CI 0.085-0.667, P=0.006) were significant influencing factors for the formation of BMPs in children with MPP.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thermal duration ≥10 days and atelectasis were independent risk factors for BMPs formation ( P<0.05). Conclusion:For MPP children with thermal duration≥10 days,especially with atelectasis,BMPs may have been formed,and it is recommended to perform bronchoscopy as soon as possible.

Objective:To investigate the professional identity status of nursing students in higher vocational colleges in Shanghai, China, and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods:By cluster sampling, we selected 308 nursing students of grade 2019 from a higher vocational college in Shanghai for a survey with the General Information Questionnaire, Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurse Students (PIQNS), Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 (SPS-6), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), Workplace Social Capital (WSC), and Nurse Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ). SPSS 22.0 was used for descriptive analysis, the independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results:The total PIQNS score of the students was (64.93±12.83), the total SPS-6 score was (15.91±4.40), the total WLEIS score was (80.57±15.52), the total WSC score was (32.38±6.33), and the total PCQ score was (95.47±18.63). The PIQNS score was negatively correlated with the SPS-6 score ( r=-0.282, P<0.01), positively correlated with the WLEIS score ( r=0.712, P<0.01), positively correlated with the WSC score ( r=0.659, P<0.01), and positively correlated with the PCQ score ( r=0.681, P<0.01). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that personal interest, emotional intelligence, and psychological capital significantly affected the professional identity of nursing students, entering the regression equation for professional identity. Conclusions:The professional identity of higher vocational nursing students in Shanghai is at a medium level, and personal interest, emotional intelligence, and psychological capital are the main factors influencing professional identity.

Objective To establish the rapid identification method of Hedysari Radix wild and cultivated products by integrating the identification characteristics of TCM traits obtained by intelligent senses such as electronic nose and colorimeter based on the multivariate statistical analysis method;To provide new ideas and methods for the formulation of commodity specification standards and the application research of market quality control for Hedysari Radix.Methods Totally 29 batches of samples of Hedysari Radix were detected based on colorimeter and electronic nose technology to obtain their sensory information,and the effective components of Hedysari Radix were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and other methods for joint analysis.After establishing the optimal experimental conditions of Hedysari Radix electronic nose,multivariate statistical analysis methods,such as principal component analysis(PCA),orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)and clustering analysis,were used to establish the identification model of Hedysari Radix wild and cultivated commodities.Results The optimum test conditions of Hedysari Radix electronic nose(particle size of 65 mesh):the sample weight was 2.0 g,the optimum temperature of the sample was 50℃,and the time was 25 min.A single intelligent sensory result could not quickly and accurately identify the two,but the fusion information could quickly identify the wild and cultivated commodities of Hedysari Radix,and the chemical composition had a certain correlation with the color and taste.Conclusion Electronic nose and colorimeter can quickly and accurately distinguish wild and cultivated Hedysari Radix after multivariate statistical analysis,which is simple and feasible.The combined analysis of its related properties and active components can be used for the quality evaluation of Hedysari Radix.

Objective:To summarize the distributional characteristics of postoperative occurrence of multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO) infections and their risk factors in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) recipients and examine the impact of MDRO infections on the survival of SPK recipients.Method:From January 2016 to December 2022, the relevant clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 218 SPK recipients. The source of donor-recipient specimens and the composition percentage of MDRO pathogens were examined. According to whether or not MDRO infection occurred post-transplantation, they were assigned into two groups of MDRO (98 cases) and non-MDRO (120 cases). The clinical data of two groups of donors and recipients were analyzed. And the risk factors for an onset of MDRO infection were examined by binary Logistic regression. The survival rate of two recipient groups was compared by Kaplan-Meier method.Result:A total of 98/218 recipients (45%) developed MDRO infections. And 46 (46.9%) of sputum and 34 (34.7%) of urine were cultured positively and 49 (50%) pathogens expressed extended spectrum beta-lactamase. There were pneumonia (46 cases, 46.9%), urinary tract infections (34 cases, 34.7%), abdominal infections (16 cases, 16.3%) and bloodstream infections (2 cases, 2.0%). Univariate regression analysis revealed that length of renal failure ( P=0.037), length of hospitalization ( P<0.001), length of antibiotic use ( P<0.001), novel antibiotics ( P=0.014), albumin ( P<0.001) and leukocyte count ( P<0.001) were risk factors for an onset of MDRO infections. The results of multifactorial regression indicated that low albumin ( OR=0.855, 95% CI: 0.790~0.925, P<0.001) and leukopenia ( OR=0.656, 95% CI: 0.550~0.783, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for an onset of MDRO infections. The survival rates of recipients in MDRO group at Year 1/3 post-operation were 92.9% (91/98) and 89.8% (88/98). And the survival rate of recipients in non-MDRO group was 96.7% (116/120) at Year 1/3 post-operation. Inter-group difference was not statistically significant in 1-year survival rate of two recipient groups ( P=0.201); statistically significant inter-group difference in 3-year survival rate between two recipient groups ( P=0.041) . Conclusion:Low albumin and leukopenia are risk factors for MDRO infection. Infection with MDRO has some impact on the survival of recipients.

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of decylubiquinone(DUb)against medium-wave ultravio-let(UVB)-induced photodamage in HaCaT cells and its molecular mechanism.METHODS:The photodamage model was established by irradiating HaCaT cells with UVB.The experiment was divided into 6 groups:control group,UVB model group(30 mJ/cm2),UVB+low-,medium-and high-concentration(2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L)DUb groups,and DUb(10 μmol/L)group.Cell viability was detected using the CCK-8 assay.The morphological changes of the HaCaT cells were observed under a light microscope.The production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)content in the HaCaT cells was analyzed by fluorescence probe of DCFH-DA,and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,intracellular glutathione(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels were detected using biochemical reagents.The apoptosis rate was detected through flow cytometry.The protein expression levels of Bax、Bcl-2、caspase-3 and p53 were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the cell viability of UVB model group was significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and obvious morphological changes,ROS and MDA were significantly increased(P＜0.01),GSH and SOD were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),the apoptosis rate was increased(P＜0.01).DUb pretreatment significantly increased the viability of UVB-induced photodamage HaCaT cells(P＜0.01),decreased intracellular ROS and MDA production(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),increased GSH content and SOD activity(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and reduced apoptosis(P＜0.01).Addi-tionally,the protein expression levels of Bax,caspase-3 and p53 in medium-and high-dose DUb groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Dec-ylubiquinone can alleviate UVB-induced photodamage to HaCaT cells,reduce apoptosis and enhance the antioxidant ca-pacity of cells,and protect HaCaT cells against UVB radiation.

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of decylubiquinone(DUb)against medium-wave ultravio-let(UVB)-induced photodamage in HaCaT cells and its molecular mechanism.METHODS:The photodamage model was established by irradiating HaCaT cells with UVB.The experiment was divided into 6 groups:control group,UVB model group(30 mJ/cm2),UVB+low-,medium-and high-concentration(2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L)DUb groups,and DUb(10 μmol/L)group.Cell viability was detected using the CCK-8 assay.The morphological changes of the HaCaT cells were observed under a light microscope.The production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)content in the HaCaT cells was analyzed by fluorescence probe of DCFH-DA,and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,intracellular glutathione(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels were detected using biochemical reagents.The apoptosis rate was detected through flow cytometry.The protein expression levels of Bax、Bcl-2、caspase-3 and p53 were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the cell viability of UVB model group was significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and obvious morphological changes,ROS and MDA were significantly increased(P＜0.01),GSH and SOD were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),the apoptosis rate was increased(P＜0.01).DUb pretreatment significantly increased the viability of UVB-induced photodamage HaCaT cells(P＜0.01),decreased intracellular ROS and MDA production(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),increased GSH content and SOD activity(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and reduced apoptosis(P＜0.01).Addi-tionally,the protein expression levels of Bax,caspase-3 and p53 in medium-and high-dose DUb groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Dec-ylubiquinone can alleviate UVB-induced photodamage to HaCaT cells,reduce apoptosis and enhance the antioxidant ca-pacity of cells,and protect HaCaT cells against UVB radiation.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of varicella vaccine in varicella outbreaks and to analyze the influencing factors, and to provide a reference for making the targeted prevention and controlling measures. Methods: A total of 3 888 students with no history of varicella were selected from 2 schools with varicella outbreak in Guangdong Province in 2021, a retrospective cohort study was conducted by using questionnaire survey, rate ratio ( RR ) and vaccine effectiveness ( VE ) values were calculated and Logistic regression was uses to analyze the factors influencing the protective effect of varicella. Results: There were 138 confirmed cases of varicella among the participants. There was no significant sex difference in the vaccination rate( χ 2=1.36, P =0.51), but there was significant difference in the vaccinattion rate of different age groups( χ 2=555.82, P <0.01). The overall protective effect of VarV was 66.94%(95% CI =56.17%-77.71%), and the protective effect of 2 doses of vaccine( VE = 90.02% , 95% CI =83.13%-96.90%) was higher than that of 1 dose( VE =49.40%, 95% CI =32.36%-66.44%)( χ 2=24.93, P < 0.01 ). The high fever rates in the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups were 7.69% and 25.81%, with significant difference( χ 2= 6.29 , P <0.05). The rates of moderate and severe skin lesions of vaccinated and unvaccinated groups was 20.00% and 50.00%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( χ 2=11.32, P <0.01). The protective effects of varicella vaccine against high fever and moderate to severe rash were 70.19%(95% CI =42.11%-98.27%) and 60.00%(95% CI =38.15%-81.85%). Stratified analysis showed that there were significant differences in different years of vaccination( χ 2=37.87, P <0.05), while there were no significant differences in age of vaccination and vaccine manufacturer ( P >0.05). Conclusion Varicella vaccination can prevent chickenpox infection and reduce the severity of the disease. However, the efficacy of varicella vaccine was affected by vaccination years. It is recommended to improve the vaccination coverage of varicella vaccine to prevent the outbreak of the epidemic.