Objective To investigate the radon activity concentrations in subways of Nanning City and assess the average annual effective doses for subway staff and passengers due to radon exposure. Methods Sixty-three stations across the subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were selected as study sites. Radon activity concentrations were measured using the scintillation counting method with scintillation vials. Results The radon activity concentrations in subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were 7.9-24.4, 12.0-26.2, and 12.6-18.2 Bq/m³, respectively. The average radon activity concentrations for these three lines were (17.4 ± 4.6), (19.1 ± 4.1), and (14.6 ± 1.7) Bq/m³, respectively. Statistical analysis using SPSS 26.0 software revealed a significant difference in radon activity concentrations among these stations (P<0.01). Considering the data in previous research, the average radon activity concentration across all stations in the subway lines of Nanning City was determined to be 17.4 Bq/m³. The estimated average annual effective dose due to radon exposure was 0.131 mSv for subway staff and 0.033 mSv for passengers. Conclusion The radon activity concentrations in the subway lines of Nanning City were significantly lower than the national standard limit (400 Bq/m³). The annual effective doses from radon exposure for both subway staff and passengers were below the limits specified in the Basic Standards for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (GB18871—2002). The health impact of radon and its progeny on subway staff and passengers in the subway lines of Nanning City was extremely low and can be considered negligible.

Objective To verify the safety and effectiveness of a new percutaneous controllable curved plasma radiofrequency instrument for nucleus pulposus ablation. Methods A new percutaneous controllable curved plasma radiofrequency instrument were designed (controllable curved group), and its ablation effect was compared with the currently used straight head non-bendable plasma ablation instrument (non-bendable group) on gross specimens. The ablation instrument was placed through the right intervertebral foramen, and continuous ablation on the same intervertebral disc was conducted for three times. The ablation range and trajectory were recorded, and the temperature changes in the front, back, left, and right of the ablation center during and 15 seconds after ablation were monitored by the inserted temperature probe. Results There were no difference in temperature changes in the front, back, right regions of the ablation center during and 15 seconds after ablation between the two groups. The temperature changes in the left region of the ablation center both during and 15 seconds after 3rd ablation were larger than those in the non-bendable group (P＜0.01). Compared with the non-bendable group, the controllable curved group achieved angle control and larger single ablation area (2.282 5 mm² vs 1.135 8 mm², P＜0.000 1). Conclusions This new percutaneous controllable curved plasma ablation instrument can achieve angle control and ablation on the side opposite to the puncture site, increase ablation volume, and is safe.

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, accounting for 14.1% of new cancer cases in 2020. The aggressiveness of prostate cancer is highly variable, depending on its grade and stage at the time of diagnosis. Despite recent advances in prostate cancer treatment, some patients still experience recurrence or even progression after undergoing radical treatment. Accurate initial staging and monitoring for recurrence determine patient management, which in turn affect patient prognosis and survival. Classical imaging has limitations in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, but the use of novel molecular probes has improved the detection rate, specificity, and accuracy of prostate cancer detection. Molecular probe-based imaging modalities allow the visualization and quantitative measurement of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels in living systems. An increased understanding of tumor biology of prostate cancer and the discovery of new tumor biomarkers have allowed the exploration of additional molecular probe targets. The development of novel ligands and advances in nano-based delivery technologies have accelerated the research and development of molecular probes. Here, we summarize the use of molecular probes in positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical imaging, and ultrasound imaging, and provide a brief overview of important target molecules in prostate cancer.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Molecular Probes ; Molecular Imaging/methods* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Ultrasonography ; Optical Imaging ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Precision Medicine/methods*

Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (https://hlse.cn/), with the aim of synthesizing, evaluating, translating, and applying lifestyle-related evidence resources. This paper aims to introduce the functional module design of the evidence translation system, the system development process and testing, introduce the interface design and function demonstration, and explain the significance of constructing the HLSE.

To systematically construct a guideline to provide a methodological guide for researchers to develop patient decision aids.

Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (https://hlse.cn/), with the aim of synthesizing, evaluating, translating, and applying lifestyle-related evidence resources. This paper aims to introduce the functional module design of the evidence translation system, the system development process and testing, introduce the interface design and function demonstration, and explain the significance of constructing the HLSE.

To systematically construct a guideline to provide a methodological guide for researchers to develop patient decision aids.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy,safety and the postoperative functional improvement of the surgical treatment for postpartum diastasis recti(PDR).Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the patients with PDR who underwent surgical treatment in Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery,Shanghai East Hospital,Tongji University from November 2018 to October 2023.The patients'demography,operation data,postoperative complications,recurrence and functional evaluation before and after surgery were analyzed.Results A total of 39 cases were included.Open surgery was performed in 21 cases,laparoscopic surgery in 17 cases,and hybrid surgery in 1 case.On the basis of linear alba reconstruction(LAR),26 cases were additionally repaired with Sublay mesh,9 with Onlay,and 1 with intraperitoneal onlay mesh(IPOM);the other 3 cases were only performed with LAR.The follow-up ranged 6-45 months,and the completion rate was 92.3%.During the follow-up,no recurrence was observed,and the overall complication rate was 20.5%,including 1 case with delayed wound healing,2 cases with seroma,and 5 cases with skin disorders in paraumbilical and subumbilical area.There were significant changes of European Registry for abdominal wall hernias quality of life(EuraHS QoL)score and Oswestry disability index(ODI)after operation,indicating significant improvement in QoL and lower back pain.The inter-recti distance(IRD)of the patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery was less than that of the patients undergoing open surgery(median 4.0 cm vs.4.5 cm),and the duration of hospital stay of the patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery was shorter than that of open surgery(median 7 days vs.9 days).Conclusions In general,the surgical treatment of PDR is safe and effective,and it can not only correct the separation,but also improve QoL and lower back pain of the patients.Tailored surgical procedures should be selected for patients with different conditions.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between lipoprotein(a) and early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with branch atherosclerotic disease (BAD).Methods:Patients with BAD admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2024 to September 2024 were included retrospectively. The demographic and baseline clinical data were collected. END was defined as an increase of ≥2 in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score from baseline within 1 week after onset, including an increase of ≥1 in motor function score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for END in patients with BAD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of lipoprotein(a) for END. Results:A total of 214 patients with BAD were enrolled; including 134 males (62.6%), aged 65.60±11.96 years. The median baseline NIHSS score was 3 (interquartile range, 2-5), the median onset-to-door time was 16 hours (interquartile range, 10-24 hours), and the median onset to blood collection time was 25 hours (interquartile range, 20-38 hours). 141 patients (65.89%) had lenticulostriate arteries infarction, and 73 patients (34.11%) had paramedian pontine arteries infarction. 28 patients (13.08%) received intravenous thrombolysis, and 72 (33.64%) experienced END. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in gender composition, baseline NIHSS score, serum lipoprotein(a), and proportion of patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis between the END group and the non-END group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher lipoprotein(a) (odds ratio [ OR] 1.033, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.015-1.052; P<0.001) and intravenous thrombolysis ( OR 2.799, 95% CI 1.109-7.065; P=0.029) were the independent risk factors for END in patients with BAD. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of lipoprotein(a) for predicting END was 0.621 (95% CI 0.54-0.70). The optimal cutoff value was 23.36 mg/dl. The sensitivity and specificity were 45.8% and 76.8%, respectively. Conclusion:Higher lipoprotein(a) is associated with END in patients with BAD, but its predictive value for END is limited.

This study aims to clarify host factors of IFN treatment in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients by screening the differentially expressed genes of IFN pathway CHB patients with different response to interferon (IFN) therapy. Three cases were randomly selected in IFN-responding CHB patients (Rs), non-responding CHB patients (NRs) and healthy participants, respectively. The human type I IFN response RT ² profiler PCR array was used to detect the expression levels of IFN-related genes in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) from healthy participants and CHB patients before and after Peg-IFN-α 2a treatment. The results showed that more differentially expressed genes appeared in Rs group than NRs group after IFN treatment. Comparing with healthy participants, IFNG, IL7R, IRF1, and IRF8 were downregulated in both Rs and NRs group before IFN treatment; CXCL10, IFIT1, and IFITM1 were upregulated in the Rs; IL13RA1 and IFI35 were upregulated in the NRs, while IFRD2, IL11RA, IL4R, IRF3, IRF4, PYHIN1, and ADAR were downregulated. The expression of IL15, IFI35 and IFI44 was downregulated by 4.09 ( t = 10.58, P < 0.001), 5.59 ( t = 3.37, P = 0.028) and 10.83 ( t = 2.8, P = 0.049) fold in the Rs group compared with the NRs group, respectively. In conclusion, IFN-response-related gene array is able to evaluate IFN treatment response by detecting IFN-related genes levels in PBMC. High expression of CXCL10, IFIT1 and IFITM1 before treatment may suggest satisfied IFN efficacy, while high expression of IL13RA1, IL15, IFI35 and IFI44 molecules and low expression of IFRD2, IL11RA, IL4R, IRF3, IRF4, PYHIN1 and ADAR molecules may be associated with poor IFN efficacy.
Humans ; Healthy Volunteers ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/genetics* ; Immunotherapy ; Interleukin-15 ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Nuclear Proteins ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods* ; Interferons/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome