ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the methodological quality and measurement properties of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome efficacy evaluation scales， and to provide evidence-based references for selecting high-quality assessment tools in TCM clinical practice. MethodsChina National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data， VIP Database， Chinese Biomedical Literature Database （CBM）， PubMed， the Cochrane Library， Embase， and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 2， 2025， for studies evaluating the measurement properties of TCM syndrome efficacy evaluation scales. Data were extracted， and the methodological quality and measurement properties of the included scales were assessed according to the consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments （COSMIN）. Recommendation levels were formulated based on the grading of evidence. ResultsA total of 46 studies were included， involving 22 generic syndrome efficacy evaluation scales and 24 disease-specific syndrome efficacy evaluation scales. None of the scales reported cross-cultural validity or measurement error. According to the recommendation grades， 2 scales met Grade A recommendations and are suggested for clinical use； 38 scales were classified as Grade B， indicating potential applicability but requiring further validation； and 6 scales were classified as Grade C， suggesting the need for further refinement. ConclusionExisting TCM syndrome efficacy evaluation scales exhibit substantial variability in methodological quality， incomplete reporting of measurement properties， and insufficient attention to scale revision. Future efforts should emphasize standardized design in the development of TCM syndrome scales， strengthen validation procedures for key measurement properties， and prioritize dynamic revision of scales， thereby providing high-quality tools to support the precise evaluation of syndrome efficacy.

Childhood simple obesity has become a significant public health issue in China. Modern medicine primarily relies on lifestyle interventions and often suffers from poor long-term compliance， while pharmacological options are limited and associated with potential adverse effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） has a long history in the prevention and management of this condition， demonstrating eight distinct advantages， including systematic theoretical foundation， diversified therapeutic approaches， definite therapeutic efficacy， high safety profile， good patient compliance， comprehensive intervention strategies， emphasis on prevention， and stepwise treatment protocols. Additionally， TCM is characterized by six distinctive features： the use of natural medicinal substances， non-invasive external therapies， integration of medicinal dietetics， simple exercise regimens， precise syndrome differentiation， and diverse dosage forms. By combining internal and external treatments， TCM facilitates individualized regimen adjustment and holistic regulation， demonstrating remarkable effects in improving obesity-related metabolic indicators， regulating constitutional imbalance， and promoting healthy behaviors. However， challenges remain， such as inconsistent operational standards， insufficient high-quality clinical evidence， and a gap between basic research and clinical application. Future efforts should focus on accelerating the standardization of TCM diagnosis and treatment， conducting multicenter randomized controlled trials， and fostering interdisciplinary integration， so as to enhance the scientific validity and international recognition of TCM in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the potential to precisely target deep brain structures. This study explores the neural and behavioral effects of tTIS on the superior colliculus (SC), a region involved in eye movement control, in mice. Computational modeling revealed that tTIS delivers more focused stimulation to the SC than traditional transcranial alternating current stimulation. In vivo experiments, including Ca²⁺ signal recordings and eye movement tracking, showed that tTIS effectively modulates SC neural activity and induces eye movements. A significant correlation was found between stimulation frequency and saccade frequency, suggesting direct tTIS-induced modulation of SC activity. These results demonstrate the precision of tTIS in targeting deep brain regions and regulating eye movements, highlighting its potential for neuroscientific research and therapeutic applications.
Animals ; Superior Colliculi/physiology* ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods* ; Eye Movements/physiology* ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective To explore the association and diagnostic performance of liver imaging reporting and data system(LI-RADS)CT signs with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)both in the LI-RADS target population and patients without LI-RADS-defined HCC risk factors.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 435 patients with 482 hepatic lesions confirmed by pathology.Of these,306 cases were assigned to the HCC group(327 HCC lesions),and other 129 cases were assigned to the non-HCC group(77 malignancies and 78 benign lesions).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis assessed the diagnostic performance of LI-RADS v2018 CT signs for HCC,and logistic regression analyses determined the association of CT signs with HCC.Results The asso-ciation of CT signs with all HCC lesions was statistically significant for non-peripheral washout[odds ratio(OR)15.1;95％ confi-dence interval(CI)5.6-40.4;P＜0.01]and non-rim arterial phase hyperenhancement(APHE)(OR 12.4;95％ CI 7.5-20.5;P＜0.01)higher than enhanced capsule(OR 9.9;95％ CI 2.8-34.8;P＜0.01;OR 2.4;95％ CI 1.4-3.8;P=0.01).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and area under the curve(AUC)for diagnosing HCC were 85％,83％,91％,and 0.84,respectively for non-peripheral washout;82％,77％,88％ and 0.79,respectively for non-rim APHE;and 31％,98％,97％ and 0.65,respectively for enhanced capsule.Sensitivity(88％ vs 87％),specificity(83％ vs 82％),PPV(92％ vs 91％)and AUC(0.90 vs 0.87)were all slightly higher when non-peripheral washout,non-rim APHE,enhanced capsule,and ancillary features were combined for the diagnosis of HCC compared to combining the three major features.Enhanced capsule(OR 13.3;95％ CI 3.6-48.9;P＜0.01),blood products in mass(OR 20.3;95％ CI 2.4-171.4;P＜0.01),and mosaic appearance(OR 37.7;95％ CI 4.2-340.0;P＜0.01)were associations with HCC presenting with atypical imaging features and provided high specificity from 98％ to 99％.Conclusion In theLI-RADS target population and patients without LI-RADS-defined HCC risk factors,LI-RADS v2018 CT signs show excellent diag-nostic performance for HCC.Two ancillary features,blood products in mass and mosaic appearance,show good specificity for HCC with atypical imaging features.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of the"full-chain"integrated medical and elderly care service model in addressing key issues in medical-nursing services such as weak medical support capacity and insufficient provision of community-and home-based medical-nursing services.Methods:The development pathway for the"full-chain"integrated medical-elderly care service standardization system,encompassing core components such as operational mechanisms,smart platforms,policy documents,and quality control systems was systematically outlined.Effectiveness based on dimensions including service coverage,quality improvement,talent development,and social benefits was evaluated.With standardization as the core driver,the'1234567'management model was innovatively implemented.Results:The model leveraged the downward allocation of high-quality resources from tertiary general hospitals to strengthen subdistrict community health service centers.By collaborating with subdistrict elderly-care service centers,it established"subdistrict medical-elderly care and wellness service centers".These centers enhanced the capabilities of"community-embedded elderly-care complexes",including community daytime care centers,established two-way referral channels between medical and elderly care services,aligned with healthcare demands to provide elderly individuals with reliable medical support.It reduced the burden on families and society,stimulated market vitality,boosted domestic demand,promoted the development of integrated medical-elderly care and wellness initiatives,thereby advancing the silver economy.With provincial government endorsement,the model had been applied to 203 communities across 37 counties by the end of 2024.Conclusion:The established"full-chain"integrated medical-elderly care service model facilitates regional high-quality development in integrated care by consolidating healthcare group resources and seamlessly connecting the service chain across hospitals,nursing homes,community institutions,and home-based settings,thereby creating a practical paradigm for comprehensive elderly care service delivery.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer using a mesh meta-system.Methods:Subject terms were used to search Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and web of science databases to collect randomized controlled trials related to angiogenesis inhibitors and PARP inhibitors in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer. The search time was established until January 1, 2024. Outcome measures included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Bias risk assessment was performed using Revman 5.4 software and mesh meta-analysis was performed using gemtc package in R 4.3.1 software.Results:34 randomized controlled trials were included in the PFS and 26 in the OS. Olaparib ( HR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.40-0.99), rucaparib ( HR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.24-0.99), niraparib ( HR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.93), niraparib+ bevacizumab ( HR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.05-0.61), chemotherapy+ bevacizumab+ maintenance bevacizumab ( HR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.3-0.97) and chemotherapy+ bevacizumab ( HR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.31-0.81) had longer PFS than conventional platinum-based chemotherapy/chemotherapy+ placebo. Niraparib+ bevacizumab had the longest PFS of all pharmacological interventions. Chemotherapy plus bevacizumab ( HR=0.72, 95% CI: 0.57 -0.88) had a longer OS than conventional platinum-based chemotherapy/chemotherapy plus placebo. Conclusions:There is limited evidence that angiogenesis inhibitors alone (bevacizumab) or PARP inhibitors alone (niraparib, olaparib, and rucaparib) can improve PFS or OS in recurrent ovarian cancer, and that the combination of angiogenesis inhibitors and PARP inhibitors may be more beneficial in prolonging PFS or OS in recurrent ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND:Primary osteoporosis has a high incidence,but the pathogenesis is not fully understood.Currently,there is a lack of effective early screening indicators and treatment programs. OBJECTIVE:To further explore the mechanism of primary osteoporosis through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. METHODS:The primary osteoporosis data were obtained from the gene expression omnibus(GEO)database,and the differentially expressed genes were screened for Gene Ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis.In addition,the differentially expressed genes were subjected to protein-protein interaction network to determine the core genes related to primary osteoporosis,and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was used to identify and verify the primary osteoporosis-related biomarkers.Immune cell correlation analysis,gene enrichment analysis and drug target network analysis were performed.Finally,the biomarkers were validated using qPCR assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 126 differentially expressed genes and 5 biomarkers including prostaglandins,epidermal growth factor receptor,mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,transforming growth factor B1,and retinoblastoma gene 1 were obtained in this study.GO analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in the cellular response to oxidative stress and the regulation of autophagy.KEGG analysis showed that autophagy and senescence pathways were mainly involved.Immunoassay of biomarkers showed that prostaglandins,retinoblastoma gene 1,and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 were closely related to immune cells.Gene enrichment analysis showed that biomarkers were associated with immune-related pathways.Drug target network analysis showed that the five biomarkers were associated with primary osteoporosis drugs.The results of qPCR showed that the expression of prostaglandins,epidermal growth factor receptor,mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,and transforming growth factor B1 in the primary osteoporosis sample was significantly increased compared with the control sample(P<0.001),while the expression of retinoblastoma gene 1 in the primary osteoporosis sample was significantly decreased compared with the control sample(P<0.001).Overall,the study screened and validated five potential biomarkers of primary osteoporosis,providing a reference basis for further in-depth investigation of the pathogenesis,early screening and diagnosis,and targeted treatment of primary osteoporosis.

BACKGROUND:Periprosthetic fracture of the femoral of the knee after total knee arthroplasty is one of the common complications,and there is a lack of biomechanical research on the periprosthetic fractures of the femoral of the knee under different bone strength conditions.The three-dimensional finite element analysis can provide a biomechanical basis for clinical practice. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanical changes of anterior femoral notching after total knee arthroplasty under different bone strengths,and to provide a mechanical basis for the clinical prevention of supracondylar femoral periprosthetic fractures after knee arthroplasty. METHODS:The femoral CT data of healthy adults were obtained,and the three-dimensional model of femoral lateral replacement of the knee joint was established by Mimics,Geomagic studio,and Solidworks software.Anterior femoral notching models of different depths were constructed,and the models were imported into ANSYS software to analyze the changes of biological stress on the femoral condyle with different bone strengths and different anterior femoral notching depths.The stress changes of the femoral anterior condyle section after and before the filling of anterior femoral notching with bone cement were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under any bone strength,the supracondylar stress increased with the depth of anterior femoral notching.In normal bone conditions,there was a stress abrupt change point when the anterior femoral notching depth was between 3 mm and 4 mm.In the case of osteoporosis,there was a stress abrupt point when the anterior femoral notching depth was between 2 mm and 3 mm.(2)When anterior femoral notching occurred during knee arthroplasty and the depth exceeded the thickness of the bone cortex,the supracondylar stress of the femoral gradually increased as the bone strength decreased.(3)The stress of the anterior femoral condyle section decreased when the model with an anterior femoral notching depth of 3 mm was filled with bone cement.(4)The results show that anterior femoral notching should be avoided during knee arthroplasty,especially in patients with osteoporosis.If anterior femoral notching occurs during surgery,bone cement can be used to evenly fill the anterior femoral notching to reduce the supracondylar stress of the femur and reduce the incidence of periprosthetic fractures of the femoral joint

BACKGROUND:Wogonin is a flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis.Previous studies have shown that baicalein has protective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,and can also reduce blood sugar and complications in diabetic mice,but its role and mechanism in diabetic cerebral infarction remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of wogonin on nerve injury in rats with diabetic cerebral infarction and its mechanism. METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups:control group,model group,low-dose wogonin group,medium-dose wogonin group,high-dose wogonin group,and high-dose wogonin+Ras homolog gene family member A(RhoA)activator group.Except for the control group,the other rats were established with diabetes and cerebral ischemia models using intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and middle cerebral artery occlusion.Low,medium-and high-dose wogonin groups were intragastrically given 10,20,40 mg/kg wogonin,respectively;high-dose wogonin+RhoA activator group was intragastrically given 40 mg/kg wogonin and intraperitoneally injected 10 mg/kg lysophosphatidic acid;control group and model group were given the same amount of normal saline once a day for 7 consecutive days.Rats in each group were evaluated for neurological deficits and their blood glucose levels were measured after the last dose.TTC staining was applied to detect the volume of cerebral infarction.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was applied to observe pathological changes in brain tissue.ELISA kit was applied to detect tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,malondialdehyde,and superoxide dismutase levels in brain tissue.Western blot was applied to detect the protein expression of RhoA and Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK)2 in brain tissue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group,the neuronal structure of rats in the model group was severely damaged,with cell necrosis and degeneration,the neurological deficit score,blood glucose level,and infarct volume were significantly elevated(P<0.05),the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and malondialdehyde,and the protein expression of RhoA and ROCK2 in brain tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the superoxide dismutase level was decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the low-,medium-,and high-dose wogonin groups showed improved neuronal damage,reduced cell degeneration and necrosis,a significant reduction in neurological deficit score,blood glucose level,infarct volume,and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and malondialdehyde,and the protein expression of RhoA and ROCK2 in brain tissue,and an increase in the superoxide dismutase level(P<0.05).Compared with the high-dose wogonin group,the high-dose wogonin+RhoA activator group significantly weakened the improvement in the above indexes of rats with diabetic cerebral infarction(P<0.05).To conclude,wogonin can improve the blood glucose level in rats with diabetic cerebral infarction,reduce cerebral infarction and nerve injury,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

Objective To comprehensively analyze the mechanism of Astragalus and Magnolia officinalis in treating prostate cancer based on the principles of network pharmacology.Methods Active molecular targets of Astragalus and Magnolia officinalis were predicted using the TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction databases.Prostate cancer-related targets were screened via Genecards,DisGeNET,and OMIM databases.A"disease-active ingredient-target"network was constructed using Venny software,identifying 69 candidate key target genes.A protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was built using the STRING database,followed by GO and KEGG enrichment pathway analyses performed with R language.Constructing a subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice through in vivo experiments and intervening with active ingredients from Astragalus membranaceus and Magnolia offi-cinalis.Results Molecular docking analysis revealed that active components such as astragaloside IV(MOL000438)and honokiol(MOL000398)exhibited significant binding activity with the key target proteins of prostate cancer,including AKT1,ESR1,PPARG,PTGS2,and SRC.Notably,Honokiol demonstrated a binding energy of-8.7 kcal/mol with estrogen receptor α(ESR1,PDB:1a52),forming stable hydrogen bond interaction with the LEU-391 residue.The in vivo experiments further confirmed that the Astragalus-Magnolia active component group showed smaller subcutaneous xenograft tumor volumes in nude mice as compared to the model group(P<0.05).Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significant downregulation of PPARG and PTGS2 protein expression in tumor tissues(P<0.05).QPCR results indicated that the formula bidirectionally regulated gene expression:pro-apoptotic factor AKT1 was upregulated(P<0.05),while cancer-associated genes PTGS2,PPARG,SRC,and ESR1 were downregulated(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of Astragalus and Magnolia may exert anti-prostate cancer effects through multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic mechanisms,demonstrating favorable binding activity and therapeutic potential.