BACKGROUND:Primary osteoporosis has a high incidence,but the pathogenesis is not fully understood.Currently,there is a lack of effective early screening indicators and treatment programs. OBJECTIVE:To further explore the mechanism of primary osteoporosis through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. METHODS:The primary osteoporosis data were obtained from the gene expression omnibus(GEO)database,and the differentially expressed genes were screened for Gene Ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis.In addition,the differentially expressed genes were subjected to protein-protein interaction network to determine the core genes related to primary osteoporosis,and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was used to identify and verify the primary osteoporosis-related biomarkers.Immune cell correlation analysis,gene enrichment analysis and drug target network analysis were performed.Finally,the biomarkers were validated using qPCR assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 126 differentially expressed genes and 5 biomarkers including prostaglandins,epidermal growth factor receptor,mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,transforming growth factor B1,and retinoblastoma gene 1 were obtained in this study.GO analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in the cellular response to oxidative stress and the regulation of autophagy.KEGG analysis showed that autophagy and senescence pathways were mainly involved.Immunoassay of biomarkers showed that prostaglandins,retinoblastoma gene 1,and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 were closely related to immune cells.Gene enrichment analysis showed that biomarkers were associated with immune-related pathways.Drug target network analysis showed that the five biomarkers were associated with primary osteoporosis drugs.The results of qPCR showed that the expression of prostaglandins,epidermal growth factor receptor,mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,and transforming growth factor B1 in the primary osteoporosis sample was significantly increased compared with the control sample(P<0.001),while the expression of retinoblastoma gene 1 in the primary osteoporosis sample was significantly decreased compared with the control sample(P<0.001).Overall,the study screened and validated five potential biomarkers of primary osteoporosis,providing a reference basis for further in-depth investigation of the pathogenesis,early screening and diagnosis,and targeted treatment of primary osteoporosis.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of bronchial arterial chemoembolization(BACE)combined with tislelizumab for advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 30 patients in First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ NSCLC from December 2021 to August 2022 were enrolled in this study.All the patients received BACE,which was followed by 200 mg tislelizumab once every 3 weeks until the disease progressed,or the patient developed intolerable adverse effects,or the investigator decided to terminate this drug treatment.The primary study endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS),and the secondary study endpoints included overall survival(OS),objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR),safety,and quality of life(QoL).Results The median follow-up time was 12 months(range of 1.5-12 months),the median PFS was 10.5 months(95％CI:7.8-13.2 months),and the median OS was not available.The 3-month,6-month,and 12-month ORRs were 63.3％(95％CI:43.9％-80.1％),56.7％(95％CI:37.4％-74.5％),and 30.4％(95％CI:13.2％-52.9％)respectively.The 3-month,6-month,and 12-month DCRs were 80％(95％CI:61.4％-92.3％),76.7％(95％CI:57.7％-90.1％),and 47.8％(95％CI:26.8％-69.4％)respectively.The expression ratio of PD-L1 ≥50％(HR=0.29,P=0.039),tumor having a single feeding artery(HR=0.35,P=0.028),and completion of＞10 cycles of tislelizumab therapy(HR=0.42,P=0.064)were the protective factors for PFS.No ≥grade Ⅲ treatment-related adverse events(TRAEs)occurred.The common below grade Ⅱ TRAEs were nausea,fever,and cough.After one cycle of treatment,the patient's QoL,including overall quality of life,physical functioning,and emotional functioning,was significantly improved.Conclusion For the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC,BACE plus tislelizumab has satisfactory clinical efficacy and safety.

Objective:To compare the effects of drug-loaded microsphere TACE (D-TACE) and iodinated oil emulsion TACE (cTACE) on liver fibrosis in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Clinical data of 113 patients with HCC treated with D-TACE or cTACE at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2019 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including 96 males and 17 females, aged (56.8±9.8) years old. According to treatment protocol, patients were divided into two groups: the D-TACE group ( n=57) and the cTACE group ( n=56). Liver fibrosis panel, fibrosis index (FIB-4), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were compared between the groups at four timepoints: pre-treatment, one month after the first TACE, one month after the second TACE, and 12 months after the first TACE. Follow-ups were conducted through outpatient visits or telephone reviews to assess patient survivals. Data including the progression-free survival (PFS) and number of TACE sessions were compared between the two groups. Results:The D-TACE group received 2.84±1.12 sessions of treatment during the observation period, compared to 4.05±1.44 sessions of cTACE group ( t=4.94, P<0.001). The median PFS in D-TACE and cTACE groups were 10.0 and 5.0 months, respectively ( P<0.001). At one month after the second TACE and at 12 months after the first TACE, patients in cTACE group had a higher serum levels of fibrosis markers including hyaluronic acid, type IV collagen, type III procollagen N peptide and laminin than those in D-TACE group (all P<0.05). At the same timepoints, patients in cTACE group also had higher APRI, FIB-4 and LSM than those in D-TACE group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared to cTACE, patients in D-TACE group received fewer sessions of treatment during the first year after initial TACE, and the degree of liver fibrosis was also lower in D-TACE group.

Objective: To further explore TCE-induced hepatotoxicity and its mechanisms by identification of trichloroethylene (TCE) induced abnormal histone methylation in human liver cells. Methods: L-02 cells were treated with 0 and 8 mmol/L TCE for 24 h. Histones were extracted by acid. Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-LC-MS/MS) were used to identify and quantify TCE related histone methylations. TCE induced abnormal methylation of H3K79 me2 and H3K79 me3 were validated by Western blot analysis. The further analysis of the function of histone abnormal methylation modifications were done by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and Western blot analysis of p53 and ɤH2AX. Results: After treatment with TCE for 24 h in L-02 cells, the 36 TCE related histone methylation sites in 28 peptide segments were identified by MS. After treatment with TCE in concentrations of 0 and 8.0 mmol/L in L-02 cells for 24 h, the relative expression level of histone H3K79 me3 were 1.00±0.06, 0.70±0.09 (t=15.01, P=0.015); the relative expression level of histone H3K79 me2 were 1.00±0.05, 0.74±0.07 (t=16.69, P=0.018); the Olive Tail Moment about DNA damage were 1.46±0.28, 3.12± 0.68 (t=15.22, P=0.018); the relative expression levels of p53 were 1.00±0.04, 1.24±0.04 (t=18.71, P= 0.012); and the relative expression levels of ɤH2AX were 1.00 ± 0.03, 1.56 ± 0.11 (t=8.32, P=0 045). Conclusion TCE can induce changes in the relative expression level of H3K79 me2 and H3K79 me3 in L-02 cell, and induce DNA damage, suggesting that TCE may induce changes in the relative expression level of H3K79 me2 and H3K79 me3 by DNA damage.

Objective To establish a database for models of teeth, which could provide a new technology for personal identification based upon teeth and bite mark for forensic medical practice. Method The (X, Y) digital coordinates were established based up on materials concerning shape and arrangement of the teeth by analyzing samples of 400 models of teeth. The position of every tooth's key point corresponding to the origin was obtained, thus, the characters of tooth and dental arch could be calculated rapidly according to Borland C ++ 5.0 computer language under DOS system. Results The models of teeth could be identified automatically. Among the correlative precision indexes, the length was 1.3mm, the angle was 3?. It seems reasonable to select 12-14 teeth points for studying, which needed about 5-7 complete tooth marks. Conclusion This method is one of the bases in studying personal identification relating to tooth and bite mark.

Objective To discuss the condition in which ricochet bullet wound is formed, study its ballistic characters and ability to damage in the body, and establish features for the diagnosis of ricochet bullet wound. Method We shot four Yorkshire pigs by selecting No.54 pistol (made in China) and No.56 semiautomatic rifle with No.51 pistol bullet and No.56 rifle bullet, using quern stone as ricocheting target, copied 12 cases of ricochet bullet wound models and observed the characters of entrance wound, wound cavity and cartridge point. Results The formation of ricochet bullet lies with the properties of the target, the shape and velocity of the bullet, angle of incidence and angle of ricochet; the angle of ricochet formed by sharp bullet with high velocity is smaller than the angle by the round bullet with low velocity under the same circumstance; the wound does not produce an evident temporary cavity; six features for the diagnosis were established according to experimented results. Conclusion The correct diagnosis of ricochet bullet wound is of practical value to judging direction and distance of shot, trajectory reconstruction, analysing purpose of shot and evaluation of injury degree.

Objective To probe the mechanism of Warlker-256 cell apoptosis resulted from permanent and strong magnetic field. Method The amplification, rearrangement, deletion, transcription and expression of P53 were detected in 320 rats treated by magnetic field and 80 controls, using Dot Blot of DNA and RNA, Southern and Northern blot, and immunohistochemical technologies. Results P53 is wild type in Warlker-256 cells, no amplification, rearrangement and deletion were found in either magnetic treated group or control group. The transcription and expression of P53 is significantly enhanced in the treated group versus the control(P