Nursing education has undergone a significant transformation as a result of artificial intelligence (AI). Chatbots, specifically ChatGPT, have emerged as vital AI technologies within the nursing domain as it is a computer program designed to simulate human conversation through text or voice interactions. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to gain insights into the publication trends, citation impact, and thematic evolution in nursing education and practice concerning ChatGPT and chatbots. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSViewer, concentrating on citation networks for data analysis and visualisation. A review of LENS.org identified 344 relevant research publications regarding chatbots and ChatGPT within the nursing discipline, all of which were utilised in the study. The study examined various aspects, including types of publications, prominent authors, leading journals, participating nations, institutions, and the impact of ChatGPT on nursing practice. The primary objectives included categorising the papers, identifying the most influential authors, delineating the prominent areas and institutions in the field, and examining the impact of ChatGPT on nursing education and practice. The findings indicate that ChatGPT positively impacts nursing education by enhancing learning experiences, improving communication, and aiding clinical decision-making. The findings indicate that journal articles accounted for 76% of publications, with the U.S. leading in research output. The findings indicate that ChatGPT positively impacts nursing education by enhancing learning experiences, improving communication, and aiding clinical decision-making. Future research should focus on establishing frameworks for integrating ChatGPT into nursing education, addressing ethical implications, and assessing the long-term impacts on patient care.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Nutritional anemia has become a national public health problem, particularly among female workers, who are a high-risk group. Dates can be formulated into functional food to treat anemia in this group. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of date biscuits formulated with 10% (A1) and 20% (A2) substitutes in treating anemia among female workers in Makassar, Indonesia.

Experimental research design using a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with a pre-test post-test randomized group was used. The population of this study were female workers in Makassar City, with a total sample of 61 participants. The study randomly divided the sample into three groups: the intervention group that received formula A1 date biscuits (10%), the intervention group that received formula A2 date biscuits (20%), and the control group that did not receive any intervention. The researchers administered 20 grams of biscuits for 60 days. Hemoglobin levels were measured twice, at baseline and after the intervention. The study further performed a bivariate test by comparing the hemoglobin examination results before and after the intervention using the paired t-test, and analyzed differences between groups using the ANOVA test. The significance value was set at pRESULTS

The results showed that A1 date biscuits reduced the case of anemia by 23.8%, from 38.1% to 14.3%. Meanwhile, provision of A2 date biscuits reduced the case of anemia by 13.7%, from 36.4% to 22.7%.

The provision of A1 date biscuits is more effective than A2 for women with anemia. Date biscuits should be specifically provided to workers or women with anemia as they are less effective for those with normal hemoglobin levels. To further increase hemoglobin levels, female workers should also be given additional nutrient- rich foods

Introduction: This study aimed to develop an innovative bilayer tablet formulation of dapagliflozin and vildagliptin to increase therapeutic outcomes and patient compliance in diabetes management. Methods: By employing wet granulation, immediate-release, and sustained-release layers were formulated using various super-disintegrating and release-retarding agents, respectively. Several pre-compression parameters were utilized, such as Carr’s index, Hausner ratio, physical attributes (weight variations, friability, hardness), and disintegration time. Drug-excipient interactions were determined through employing FTIR, SEM, DSC, and TGA. In-vitro dissolution studies were performed to assess the release kinetics of these formulations. Results: For immediate-release dapagliflozin, our earlier study demonstrated that the formulations showed Carr’s index (23.5-33.3), physical attributes (weight (145–155 mg), thickness (4.42 ± 0.04 -4.46 ± 0.05 mm), hardness (3.7-5.6 kg/cm2), friability (<1%), and optimized rapid dissolution (F1: 80.50% ± 5.2 in 30 minutes). For sustained-release vildagliptin, the formulations showed Carr’s index (10.48-20), physical attributes (weight (194-203 mg), thickness (3.32 ± 0.06-3.33±0.04 mm), hardness (4.8 ± 0.1-7.6 ± 0.2 kg/cm2), friability (<1%)), and optimized controlled release (A5: 81.76% ± 2.4 in 360 minutes). The results found that F1 and A5 were the optimum formulation for the immediate release of dapagliflozin, and the sustained release of vildagliptin, respectively, and BT-1 was the optimum bilayer tablet because of its rapid onset of action for dapagliflozin (84.23% within 60 minutes) and sustained release for vildagliptin (80.026% within 360 minutes). Conclusion: Based on these data, the optimized bilayer tablet holds the potential to be a convenient and effective treatment option. Further, in-vivo assays are necessary to confirm its efficacy and safety.

Clinical Presentation and Management of Severe Bilateral Duct Ectasia: A Case Report Mammary duct ectasia is frequently asymptomatic and found incidentally during routine screening but its presentation is varied. In this case report, we highlight a case of bilateral duct ectasia with extensive inflammatory changes in a parous, obese and diabetic middle aged woman. Her condition had been recurrent over several years, despite multiple courses of antibiotics and was increasing in severity. It was successfully treated with bilateral total ductal excision.

Introduction: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are vulnerable to diabetes-related distress (DRD), an emotional burden that may adversely affect glycemic control. Data on DRD among adolescents in Southeast Asia, particularly Malaysia, remain limited. This study aims to determine the prevalence of DRD and examine its association with glycemic control and sociodemographic background among Malaysian adolescents with T1D. Methodology: This cross-sectional study recruited adolescents aged 10–19 years with T1D attending a tertiary Paediatric Endocrine Clinic in Malaysia between May and August 2025. DRD was assessed using two validated instruments: the Problem Areas in Diabetes–Teen version (PAID-T) and the Type 1 Diabetes Distress Scale (T1-DDS). Sociodemographic and clinical data, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were collected. Associations between distress, glycemic control, and other variables were analyzed using non-parametric tests, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression. Results: Seventy adolescents participated (median age: 14.65 years). Moderate to severe DRD was reported by 32.9% using PAID-T and 38.6% using T1-DDS. Higher distress scores on both instruments were significantly correlated with poorer current and prior HbA1c levels. Adolescents with HbA1c ≤7.0% were more likely to report minimal distress compared to those with higher HbA1c (p = 0.042, T1-DDS). Subdomain analyses revealed strong associations between emotional distress domains, particularly powerlessness and family/friends distress, and higher HbA1c. In multivariable regression, DRD, body mass index, and family/friends distress together explained 35% of the variance in HbA1c. Attendance at diabetes management camps was not associated with differences in distress levels. Conclusion Approximately one-third of Malaysian adolescents with T1D experience clinically significant DRD, which is strongly associated with suboptimal glycemic control. Emotional and family-related distress appear to play a particularly important role. Routine screening and targeted psychosocial interventions should be integrated into adolescent diabetes care to improve both emotional well-being and metabolic outcomes.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

This study was conducted to bridge the gap between modern dietary guidelines and revelation-based dietary principles through the development of a faith-based dietary model grounded in Quranic teachings. The main objective was to identify food items mentioned in the Quran, analyse their frequency, and integrate these findings with contemporary nutrition knowledge to develop the Islamic Quranic Pie Chart (iQ-Carta PAI™). A two-phase approach was applied, where selected Quranic verses were analysed using classical tafsir and digital corpus tools, resulting in the identification of 188 food references across 53 surahs. These food items were grouped into key nutritional categories, including fruits, protein sources, cereals, water, and healthy fats, and further classified according to plant or animal origin. The frequency of food mentions was used to inform the proportional visual weighting of each category in the Pie Chart, serving both descriptive and structural purposes in the model design. The developed model highlights key Islamic dietary principles such as halalan tayyiban (lawful and wholesome food), moderation (wasatiyyah), and avoidance of excess and waste. When compared with the Malaysian Dietary Guidelines (2020), the findings showed clear alignment, particularly in the emphasis on plant-based foods, balanced intake, and moderation. Overall, iQ-Carta PAI™ provides a simple and spiritually relevant dietary guideline model that integrates Quranic values with modern nutrition principles and may support nutrition education, public health programmes, and faith-based health promotion among Muslim communities

Introduction: Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) drives obesity, diabetes, and metabolic diseases, yet awareness of Indonesia›s daily sugar limits remain low and digital tools to track intake against national guidelines are scarce. This study developed and validated EduDrink, a mobile app for monitoring SSB intake, through expert review and user testing of its content, design, and usability. Methods: EduDrink was developed using a research-and-development approach comprising four stages: SSB data collection, system and interface design, educational video development, and usability evaluation. System requirements were modelled using Unified Modelling Language (UML), while the interface was designed in Figma. Functional features were tested using black-box testing. Usability evaluation was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with experts that were analysed using thematic analysis and intercoder reliability, including percent agreement and Gwet’s AC. User Acceptance Testing (UAT) involved 58 urban users aged 19–40 years. Results: Expert evaluation identified five key themes: alignment with guidelines, clear design, user-friendliness, accurate portionto-sugar conversion, and adequate data security. Intercoder reliability showed almost perfect agreement (97.4%; Gwet’s AC=0.945). UAT results demonstrated high acceptance, with over 85% of indicators rated “Good”, particularly for information validity, sugarmonitoring features, and video-based education. Conclusion: EduDrink is a usable and feasible mobile health application for monitoring SSB consumption among urban young adults in Indonesia. Its features support dietary self-monitoring and boost sugar intake awareness, but its effect on lasting behavioural change and health outcomes still needs testing in future controlled studies.

Objectives: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent mental health condition that impacts daily life. It is thought to be associated with genetic, biological, and structural brain changes, serotonergic abnormalities, altered neuromodulation, and environmental factors.Limited observational studies have examined cytokines in Bangladeshi patients with OCD. This study aimed to assess the levels of eotaxin-1 and interleukin (IL)-34 in individuals with this disorder. Methods: This case-control observational study included 58 patients with OCD and 30 healthy controls (HCs) matched for age, sex, and body mass index. The severity of OCD was assessed using the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS). Psychiatrists evaluated participants according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Serum levels of eotaxin-1 and IL-34 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: Patients with OCD exhibited significantly higher serum eotaxin-1 levels (121.13 ± 7.84pg/mL) than HCs (85.52 ± 9.42 pg/mL). Conversely, IL-34 levels were considerably lower in patients than in HCs (119.02 ± 14.53 pg/mL vs. 179.96 ± 27.88 pg/mL). The Cohen d values for eotaxin-1 and IL-34 were 0.55 and −0.48, respectively. Among patients with OCD, a significantpositive correlation was found between serum eotaxin-1 level and Y-BOCS score, along with a negative correlation between serum eotaxin-1 and IL-34 levels. Conclusion The findings suggest that altered eotaxin-1 and IL-34 levels may be associated withOCD. These chemokines and cytokines could serve as primary tools for assessing the risk of OCD, warranting further clinical investigation. This could potentially support more extensive research and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.

Objectives: Premarital screening can reduce the risk of genetic disorders and sexually transmitted diseases by providing early detection before conception. College students represent a group of young adults with higher education who are approaching marriageable age. However, many students still lack a strong intention to undergo premarital screening in the future. Therefore, this study examines the factors influencing screening intentions among students at one of Indonesia’s leading universities, the State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design, with a total sample of 563 college students obtained through a multistage random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and ordinal logistic regression was applied for hypothesis testing. Results: Among the 563 students, 97.0% indicated an intention to undergo premarital screening. The intention variable was classified into three levels: no/low (13.0%), moderate (43.5%), and high (43.5%). Ordinal logistic regression revealed that lower knowledge about premarital screening was significantly associated with a reduced intention to undergo screening (odds ratio [OR], 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58 to 5.10). In addition, negative attitudes toward premarital screening (OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.41 to 5.75), negative attitudes toward premarital screening (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.37), and being enrolled in a non-health-related field of study (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.68) were significantly linked to lower screening intentions. Conclusions Comprehensive premarital health education is essential for young adults, even those with a high level of formal education. Such education not only improves knowledge but also promotes more positive perceptions and attitudes toward premarital screening.

Purpose: Cancer poses a significant global health challenge, demanding precise genomic testing for individualized treatment strategies. Targeted-panel sequencing (TPS) has improved personalized oncology but often lacks comprehensive coverage of crucial cancer alterations. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) addresses this gap, offering extensive genomic testing. This study demonstrates the medical potential of WGS. Materials and Methods: This study evaluates target-enhanced WGS (TE-WGS), a clinical-grade WGS method sequencing both cancer and matched normal tissues. Forty-nine patients with various solid cancer types underwent both TE-WGS and TruSight Oncology 500 (TSO500), one of the mainstream TPS approaches. Results: TE-WGS detected all variants reported by TSO500 (100%, 498/498). A high correlation in variant allele fractions was observed between TE-WGS and TSO500 (r=0.978). Notably, 223 variants (44.8%) within the common set were discerned exclusively by TE-WGS in peripheral blood, suggesting their germline origin. Conversely, the remaining subset of 275 variants (55.2%) were not detected in peripheral blood using the TE-WGS, signifying them as bona fide somatic variants. Further, TE-WGS provided accurate copy number profiles, fusion genes, microsatellite instability, and homologous recombination deficiency scores, which were essential for clinical decision-making. Conclusion TE-WGS is a comprehensive approach in personalized oncology, matching TSO500’s key biomarker detection capabilities. It uniquely identifies germline variants and genomic instability markers, offering additional clinical actions. Its adaptability and cost-effectiveness underscore its clinical utility, making TE-WGS a valuable tool in personalized cancer treatment.