Esfenvalerate is a kind of commonly used highly effective pyrethroid insecticide. It is common for people who are poisoned by contact or misuse, but rarely reported for people who are poisoned by intramuscular injection. This paper reports a case of intramuscular injection of esfenvalerate in the Department of Infection, West China Hospital of Sichuan University in November 2021. The patient was intramuscularly injected with about 20 ml of esfenvalerate, inducing the sense of swelling and tingling, degeneration and necrosis of striated muscle tissue at the injection site, also liver function damage and other manifestations. The patient was discharged from hospital after rehydration, accelerating poison metabolism, anti-infection, liver protection and local puncture.
Humans ; Insecticides ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Pyrethrins ; Nitriles/metabolism*

OBJECTIVES: To study the efficacy and safety of Xiyanping injection through intramuscular injection for the treatment of acute bronchitis in children. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted from December 2021 to October 2022, including 78 children with acute bronchitis from three hospitals using a multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled design. The participants were divided into a test group (conventional treatment plus Xiyanping injection; n=36) and a control group (conventional treatment alone; n=37) in a 1:1 ratio. Xiyanping injection was administered at a dose of 0.3 mL/(kg·d) (total daily dose ≤8 mL), twice daily via intramuscular injection, with a treatment duration of ≤4 days and a follow-up period of 7 days. The treatment efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The total effective rate on the 3rd day after treatment in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the total effective rate on the 5th day between the two groups (P>0.05). The rates of fever relief, cough relief, and lung rale relief in the test group on the 3rd day after treatment were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The cough relief rate on the 5th day after treatment in the test group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the fever relief rate and lung rale relief rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The cough relief time, daily cough relief time, and nocturnal cough relief time in the test group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the fever duration and lung rale relief time between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The overall efficacy of combined routine treatment with intramuscular injection of Xiyanping injection in the treatment of acute bronchitis in children is superior to that of routine treatment alone, without an increase in the incidence of adverse reactions.
Humans ; Child ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Cough/drug therapy* ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Sounds ; Bronchitis/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome

intramuscular injection every 3 to 4 weeks. Blood biochemistry including prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was evaluated every 3 to 6 months after TRT, and radiological imaging was performed every 12 months. All patients had slight increases in PSA within the normal range and not indicative of biochemical recurrence. A sudden increase in PSA was observed in one patient, but it finally decreased. Aging male symptoms scale and various metabolic factors were improved by TRT in all of cases. Although adverse events included polycythemia in one patient, no patients experienced disease recurrence or progression during TRT. Our results suggest TRT for high risk-patients with HDR brachytherapy for prostate cancer may be beneficial and safe.]]>
Aging ; Biochemistry ; Brachytherapy ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Male ; Polycythemia ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Reference Values ; Testosterone

Iatrogenic injuries due to intramuscular (IM) injection, although less frequently reported than before, are still common. The sciatic nerve is the most commonly injured nerve because of an IM injection owing to its large size and the buttock being a common injection site. Iatrogenic injury to the sciatic nerve resulting from a misplaced gluteal IM injection is a persistent problem worldwide affecting patients in economically rich and poor countries alike. The consequences of sciatic nerve injection injury (SNII) are potentially devastating and may result in serious neurological and medico-legal problems. A 68-year-old male presented with intractable neuropathic pain from SNII that occurred during gluteal IM injection of an analgesic for post-appendectomy pain. This chronic SNII pain did not improve despite his gradual recovery from weakness in the left foot. Partial improvement was seen following an external neurolysis, performed three months post-appendectomy. SNII is a preventable complication of gluteal IM injection. While the complete avoidance of gluteal IM injection is desirable, should need arise, the use of an appropriate administrative technique is recommended.
Aged ; Buttocks ; Foot ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Male ; Neuralgia ; Organization and Administration ; Sciatic Nerve

intramuscular injection, tumor and bleu toe syndrome (toe necrosis). The infected areas were 11 feet and legs, 7 hips, 3 abdomen and trunk in 21 subjects. Of the 8 deaths, 3 were infected in feet and legs, 2 were infected in hips, and 2 were infected in abdomen and trunk. As for underlying diseases, 12 patients with hypertension or diabetes were the highest and others such as cancer and stroke were found.CONCLUSION: The only method to increase the survival rate is to ‘suspect’ the disease as much as possible and perform early extensive excision. It is advisable to treat the disease by the burn center to properly provide adequate and optimal wound management, infection control, medical care and nutritional supports.]]>
Abdomen ; Allografts ; Amputation ; Burn Units ; Burns ; Cellulitis ; Communicable Diseases ; Debridement ; Electronic Health Records ; Fascia ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Foot ; Fournier Gangrene ; Heart ; Hip ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infection Control ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Inpatients ; Korea ; Leg ; Male ; Medical Records ; Methods ; Mortality ; Nutritional Support ; Sepsis ; Skin ; Stroke ; Survival Rate ; Toes ; Wounds and Injuries ; Wounds, Stab

OBJECTIVES: The current study covers a secondary revision of the guidelines for the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia issued by the Korean Medication Algorithm for Schizophrenia (KMAP-SCZ) 2001, specifically for co-existing symptoms and antipsychotics-related side-effects in schizophrenia patients. METHODS: An expert consensus regarding the strategies of pharmacotherapy for positive symptoms of schizophrenia, co-existing symptoms of schizophrenia, and side-effect of antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia was retrieved by responses obtained using a 30-item questionnaire. RESULTS: For the co-existing symptoms, agitation could be treated with oral or intramuscular injection of benzodiazepine or antipsychotics; depressive symptoms with atypical antipsychotics and adjunctive use of antidepressant; obsessive-compulsive symptoms with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and antipsychotics other than clozapine and olanzapine; negative symptoms with atypical antipsychotics or antidepressants; higher risk of suicide with clozapine; comorbid substance abuse with use of naltrexone or bupropion/ varenicline, respectively. For the antipsychotics-related side effects, anticholinergics (extrapyramidal symptom), propranolol and benzodiazepine (akathisia), topiramate or metformin (weight gain), change of antipsychotics to aripiprazole (hyperprolactinemia and prolonged QTc) or clozapine (tardive dyskinesia) could be used. CONCLUSION: Updated pharmacotherapy strategies for co-existing symptoms and antipsychotics-related side effects in schizophrenia patients as presented in KMAP-SCZ 2019 could help effective clinical decision making of psychiatrists as a preferable option.
Antidepressive Agents ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Aripiprazole ; Benzodiazepines ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; Clinical Decision-Making ; Clozapine ; Consensus ; Depression ; Dihydroergotamine ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Metformin ; Naltrexone ; Propranolol ; Psychiatry ; Schizophrenia ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Suicide ; Varenicline

Chlorpheniramine maleate is commonly used antihistamine. Since antihistamines are the main therapeutic agents for symptomatic treatment of urticaria, anaphylaxis to antihistamines may lead to errors in diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of anaphylaxis induced by chlorpheniramine maleate confirmed by intradermal test. A 35-year-old female experienced history of anaphylaxis after intramuscular injection of chlorpheniramine maleate. Skin prick test was negative, but intradermal test was positive. Patient also experienced mild dizziness after intradermal test and refused to perform any further evaluation such as oral challenge test. Anaphylaxis for chlorpheniramine maleate is very rare but should be considered.
Adult ; Anaphylaxis ; Chlorpheniramine ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Female ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Intradermal Tests ; Skin ; Urticaria

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of Buzzy® and ShotBlocker® on reducing pain induced by intramuscular penicillin injections in children. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled study. A total of 150 Turkish children aged 7~12 years who presented to our pediatric emergency clinic and met the inclusion criteria were recruited. The children were randomly assigned to each group (control=50, Buzzy®=50, ShotBlocker®=50). Data were collected using an information form, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Visual Analog Scale, and Faces Pain Scale-Revised. RESULTS: The children in the control group had significantly higher pain scores during the penicillin injection than the children in the ShotBlocker® and Buzzy® groups. The children in the Buzzy® group had significantly less pain than the children in both the ShotBlocker® and control groups (p<.001). CONCLUSION: Buzzy® was more effective compared with ShotBlocker® in this study.
Anxiety ; Child ; Cold Temperature ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Penicillins ; Vibration ; Visual Analog Scale

Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin A (BTXA) is commonly used for the treatment of forehead wrinkles. In practice, physicians often use an intradermal injection for this purpose, as they feel that there is a lower risk of adverse effects compared with intramuscular injection. However, there are no direct comparative studies between those two injection modalities. We conducted a 24-week long, double-blinded, split-face, pilot study of three participants to compare the efficacy and safety of intradermal or intramuscular injection of BTXA for the treatment of forehead wrinkles. Maximum improvement of wrinkles and the time to achieve maximum effect were similar for both methods. The brow level was lower on the intramuscular injection side throughout the follow-up period for all participants. Subjective satisfaction with wrinkles was similar on both sides, but patients felt more heaviness of the eyebrow on the intramuscular side. No serious side effects were noted. In conclusion, the anti-wrinkle effect of BTXA was not significantly different between intramuscular and intradermal injections. However, side effects such as eyebrow ptosis, and heaviness were more prominent after intramuscular injection.
Botulinum Toxins* ; Eyebrows ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forehead* ; Humans ; Injections, Intradermal* ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Pilot Projects

PURPOSE: Glucose has been recommended as an analgesic for mild to moderately painful procedures in neonates. The goal of this study was to assess the optimal dextrose concentration for pain control in newborns. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial included 116 healthy full-term newborns. The neonates were randomly assigned to the following four groups by drawing straws: groups receiving sterile water or a 10%, 20%, or 40% dextrose solution orally. Each group was treated with the assigned solution prior to hepatitis B vaccination. The Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS) and the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) scores were evaluated before, immediately after, and 2 minutes after the injection in all neonates. Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) scores were evaluated during the injection. All procedures were video-recorded, and pain scores were assessed by two independent observers who were not involved in the care of the newborns studied. The pain scores were compared among the four groups. RESULTS: The 40% dextrose solution significantly reduced the NFCS (P=0.002) and the PIPP scores (P=0.001) compared with sterile water. No hyperglycemic events were noted in the study subjects 2 hours after the injection. CONCLUSION: The 40% dextrose solution effectively relieved pain due to intramuscular injection in full-term newborns without causing hyperglycemic events. However, the 10% and 20% dextrose solutions did not affect neonatal pain scores.
Clinical Coding ; Glucose* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Pain Management ; Prospective Studies ; Vaccination* ; Water