This paper outlines the development of artificial intelligence （AI） and its applications in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） research， and elucidates the roles and advantages of large language models， knowledge graphs， and natural language processing in advancing syndrome identification， prescription generation， and mechanism exploration. Using spleen-stomach diseases as an example， it demonstrates the empowering effects of AI in classical literature mining， precise clinical syndrome differentiation， efficacy and safety prediction， and intelligent education， highlighting an upgraded research paradigm that evolves from data-driven and knowledge-driven approaches to intelligence-driven models. To address challenges related to privacy protection and regulatory compliance in cross-institutional data collaboration， a "trusted federated evidence-based analysis platform for TCM spleen-stomach diseases" is proposed， integrating blockchain-based smart contracts， federated learning， and secure multi-party computation. The deep integration of AI with privacy-preserving computing is reshaping research and clinical practice in TCM spleen-stomach diseases， providing feasible pathways and a technical framework for building a high-quality， trustworthy TCM big-data ecosystem and achieving precision syndrome differentiation.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules in the physical examination population in Mianyang region and analyze its association with metabolic syndrome. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 9 978 individuals who underwent health examinations at our hospital from January 2024 to May 2025. Thyroid examinations were performed using color Doppler ultrasound to analyze the prevalence of thyroid nodules in this population. Clinical data of all subjects were collected, and logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of thyroid nodule development. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules in the physical examination population of Mianyang region was 17.98% (1 794/9 978). The logistic regression results showed that after adjusting for gender, age, BMI, occupation, consumption of non-iodized salt, staying up late, daily sleep duration, anxiety, and depression, metabolic syndrome (OR=6.593, 95% CI: 3.961-10.975) was associated with thyroid nodules (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules among the physical examination population in the Mianyang area is 17.98%, and metabolic syndrome remains associated with the risk of thyroid nodules after effectively controlling for confounding factors.

Background Microparticles (MPs) are one of the main medium of inflammatory reaction with an important role in atherosclerotic progression. Studies on association of air pollution exposure and levels of peripheral blood MPs are limited among human. Objective To evaluate the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on levels of peripheral blood MPs. Method A panel of 73 healthy adults was followed with 4 repeated follow-ups in Beijing, China, from November 2014 to January 2016. During each visit, we collected questionnaire information, fasting venous blood, urine, and exposures to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), black carbon, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone. We used linear mixed-effect models to analyze associations of air pollution exposure with levels of total MPs (TMPs) and MPs derived from various cells. Stratified analysis was conducted by levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results The results showed significant associations between air pollution exposure and peripheral blood TMPs at 2 h-6 d prior to the follow-ups (P<0.05), while no statistical associations were found for MPs derived from different cell types. Significant increases in TMPs of 7.8% (95%CI: 0.7%, 15.3%) and 14.3% (95%CI: 2.8%, 27.2%) were observed with each interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM_2.5 (IQR=64.9 μg·m⁻³) at prior 18 h and NO (IQR=40.5 μg·m⁻³) at prior 48 h. Among participants with low levels of CRP and MDA, significantly positive associations were observed between air pollution exposure and levels of TMPs (P<0.05). Conclusion Short-term exposure to air pollution is significantly associated with increased levels of circulating MPs in healthy adults, and in people with lower systemic inflammation, peripheral blood MPs levels are more easily affected after exposure to air pollutants.

Objective:To explore the influence of value orientation brief therapy (VBT) on anxiety and depression symptoms, social function, coping style and self-acceptance level of major depressive disorder adolescents with anxious distress.Methods:From June 2021 to June 2022, seventy adolescent major depressive disorder patients with anxious distress were included in the study, who were randomly divided into study group(35 people, 31 people completed)and control group (35 people, 30 people completed). The study group was given routine treatment combined with VBT, while the control group was given routine treatment only. Before and after treatment, Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), social disability screening schedule (SDSS), coping style questionnaire(CSQ) and self-acceptance questionnaire (SAQ) were used to evaluate the two groups, and SPSS 26.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data of the two groups. Paired sample t-test was used for intra-group comparison, and independent sample t-test was used for inter-group comparison. Results:After 6 weeks of treatment, the scores of HAMA((6.03±3.58) vs (14.03±7.06), t=5.55, P<0.01), HAMD((8.77±5.52 ) vs (16.50±7.59), t=4.56, P<0.01)and SDSS((4.23±1.50) vs (6.63±0.96), t=7.43, P<0.01)in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant. The scores of self-acceptance((19.23±1.33) vs (13.47±1.46), t=-16.12, P<0.01)and self-evaluation ((19.87±2.87) vs (12.77±1.68), t=-11.75, P<0.01) in the SAQ scale and the scores of problem-solving((8.71±2.30) vs (6.23±3.45), t=3.31, P<0.05) and rationalization ((6.20±3.11) vs (4.67±2.43), t=2.13, P<0.05) in the CSQ questionnaire were significantly higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant. The total effective rate of the study group(90.3%(28/31) vs 66.7%(20/30), χ2=5.09, P<0.05) was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion:The effect of routine treatment combined with VBT is better, which can effectively improve anxiety and depression symptoms, social function and coping style, and enhance self-acceptance and self-evaluation in adolescent major depressive disorder patients, which is worthy of clinical application.

Renal cell carcinoma in a transplanted kidney is rare, and partial nephrectomy in transplanted kidney is even more uncommon. A patient with papillary transplanted renal cell carcinoma who underwent partial nephrectomy was reported. The patient was admitted to the hospital due to the discovery of transplanted kidney mass, and the enhanced examination of CTU found a lesion in the upper pole of the transplanted kidney in the right iliac fossa, which may be renal cancer, with a diameter of about 2 cm. After open partial nephrectomy of the transplanted kidney, the postoperative pathology showed that the tumor was papillary renal cell carcinoma. The antirejection drugs were used after surgery. During the follow-up period of 16 months, there was no recurrence of transplanted kidney tumor.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of value orientation brief therapy(VBT)combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)on clinical symptoms,rumination,decision-making ability,and cognitive func-tion in patients with mild to moderate depression.Methods:Eighty patients meeting the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for mild to moderate depression were randomly assigned to either a medication(SSRIs)group(36 completed)or a VBT combined group(38 completed)for a 6-week intervention.Baseline and post-intervention assessments includ-ed the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxious Scale(HAMA),Ruminative Response Scale-Chi-nese Version(RRS-CV),Iowa Gambling Test(IGT),number of eye fixation(NEF),responsive search score(RSS)in exploratory eye trajectory movement were used to evaluate patients'anxiety and depression symptoms,ru-minative thinking,decision-making function,and cognitive function.Results:The VBT combined group showed sig-nificantly better therapeutic effects than the medication group(P＜0.05).Compared to baseline and the medication group,the VBT combined group had significantly lower post-intervention scores in HAMD,HAMA,symptom rumi-nation,introspective reflection,compulsive meditation,and RRS-CV total scores after intervention(Ps＜0.05),and significantly higher scores in IGT net profit scores,NEF,and RSS scores(Ps＜0.05).Compared with the medica-tion group,the VBT combined group demonstrated a greater reduction in HAMD,HAMA,symptom rumination,in-trospective reflection,compulsive meditation,and RRS-CV total scores before and after intervention(Ps＜0.05),and a larger increase in IGT net profit scores,NEF,and RSS scores(Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:VBT combined with SSRIs effectively improves the symptoms of depression,anxiety,decision-making ability,rumination thinking,and cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate depression.

Objective:To explore the influence of value orientation brief therapy (VBT) on anxiety and depression symptoms, social function, coping style and self-acceptance level of major depressive disorder adolescents with anxious distress.Methods:From June 2021 to June 2022, seventy adolescent major depressive disorder patients with anxious distress were included in the study, who were randomly divided into study group(35 people, 31 people completed)and control group (35 people, 30 people completed). The study group was given routine treatment combined with VBT, while the control group was given routine treatment only. Before and after treatment, Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), social disability screening schedule (SDSS), coping style questionnaire(CSQ) and self-acceptance questionnaire (SAQ) were used to evaluate the two groups, and SPSS 26.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data of the two groups. Paired sample t-test was used for intra-group comparison, and independent sample t-test was used for inter-group comparison. Results:After 6 weeks of treatment, the scores of HAMA((6.03±3.58) vs (14.03±7.06), t=5.55, P<0.01), HAMD((8.77±5.52 ) vs (16.50±7.59), t=4.56, P<0.01)and SDSS((4.23±1.50) vs (6.63±0.96), t=7.43, P<0.01)in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant. The scores of self-acceptance((19.23±1.33) vs (13.47±1.46), t=-16.12, P<0.01)and self-evaluation ((19.87±2.87) vs (12.77±1.68), t=-11.75, P<0.01) in the SAQ scale and the scores of problem-solving((8.71±2.30) vs (6.23±3.45), t=3.31, P<0.05) and rationalization ((6.20±3.11) vs (4.67±2.43), t=2.13, P<0.05) in the CSQ questionnaire were significantly higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant. The total effective rate of the study group(90.3%(28/31) vs 66.7%(20/30), χ2=5.09, P<0.05) was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion:The effect of routine treatment combined with VBT is better, which can effectively improve anxiety and depression symptoms, social function and coping style, and enhance self-acceptance and self-evaluation in adolescent major depressive disorder patients, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of value orientation brief therapy(VBT)combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)on clinical symptoms,rumination,decision-making ability,and cognitive func-tion in patients with mild to moderate depression.Methods:Eighty patients meeting the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for mild to moderate depression were randomly assigned to either a medication(SSRIs)group(36 completed)or a VBT combined group(38 completed)for a 6-week intervention.Baseline and post-intervention assessments includ-ed the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxious Scale(HAMA),Ruminative Response Scale-Chi-nese Version(RRS-CV),Iowa Gambling Test(IGT),number of eye fixation(NEF),responsive search score(RSS)in exploratory eye trajectory movement were used to evaluate patients'anxiety and depression symptoms,ru-minative thinking,decision-making function,and cognitive function.Results:The VBT combined group showed sig-nificantly better therapeutic effects than the medication group(P＜0.05).Compared to baseline and the medication group,the VBT combined group had significantly lower post-intervention scores in HAMD,HAMA,symptom rumi-nation,introspective reflection,compulsive meditation,and RRS-CV total scores after intervention(Ps＜0.05),and significantly higher scores in IGT net profit scores,NEF,and RSS scores(Ps＜0.05).Compared with the medica-tion group,the VBT combined group demonstrated a greater reduction in HAMD,HAMA,symptom rumination,in-trospective reflection,compulsive meditation,and RRS-CV total scores before and after intervention(Ps＜0.05),and a larger increase in IGT net profit scores,NEF,and RSS scores(Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:VBT combined with SSRIs effectively improves the symptoms of depression,anxiety,decision-making ability,rumination thinking,and cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate depression.

BACKGROUND:Pinoresinol diglucoside promotes bone formation and bone matrix synthesis and accelerates bone tissue repair.However,the mechanism of action and effects of this compound in osteoblasts need to be further explored. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of action of pinoresinol diglucoside on dexamethasone-treated osteoblasts based on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. METHODS:Different concentrations of dexamethasone groups and pinoresinol diglucoside groups were set to treat osteoblasts for 24 hours,and the optimal intervention concentrations were screened.Osteoblasts were treated with dexamethasone,pinoresinol diglucoside and inhibitor XAV-939.Then,control group,dexamethasone group,XVA-939 group,pinoresinol diglucoside group,pinoresinol diglucoside+XVA-939 group were set up.Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect cell activity.Alkaline phosphatase activity and caspase3/7 enzyme activity in cells were detected.Annexin V/PI staining and EdU assay were used to detect cell apoptosis and proliferation.Real-time qPCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of Wnt3a,β-catenin,c-myc,osteocalcin,and type I collagen,respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After dexamethasone and pinoresinol diglucoside intervened in osteoblasts for 24 hours,10 μmol/L dexamethasone was found to be the optimal intervention concentration for cell inhibition,and cell proliferation was most pronounced at a concentration of pinoresinol diglucoside of 100 μmol/L.Compared with the dexamethasone group,alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)and caspase3/7 enzyme activity was significantly reduced(P<0.05)in the pinoresinol diglucoside group.Annexin V/PI staining and cell proliferation assay by EdU method showed that pinoresinol diglucoside inhibited apoptosis and promoted proliferation of osteoblasts after dexamethasone intervention.The mRNA and protein expression levels of Wnt3a,β-catenin,c-myc,osteocalcin,and type I collagen were significantly higher in the pinoresinol diglucoside group and pinoresinol diglucoside+XVA-939 group compared with the dexamethasone and XVA-939 groups(P<0.05).To conclude,pinoresinol diglucoside can inhibit osteoblast apoptosis after dexamethasone intervention,protect osteoblast activity and promote osteoblast proliferation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,which may play a role in delaying steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

ObjectiveTo analyze the development trajectory， research hotspots， and trends in medical humanities research in China since the new era. MethodsA search was conducted on the CNKI （China National Knowledge Infrastructure） advanced search page using the themes“medical humanities”or “humanistic medicine，”retrieving a total of 5，758 articles. After applying specific screening criteria， 5，095 articles were included in the analysis. Citespace6.1.R6 was used to visualize and analyze the authors， institutions， and keywords of the 5，095 articles. ResultsSince the new era， the volume of publications on medical humanities in China has shown an overall upward trend， with limited collaboration between core institutions and core authors. The research content of medical humanities has evolved from broad to specific， from abstract to concrete， and from theoretical to practical. ConclusionThe development of medical humanities research in China has generally gone through three stages： defining related concepts， integrating medical humanistic spirit into clinical practice， and applying empirical methods. Narrative medicine， ideological and political education in curricula， and medical humanities education are potential future research directions.