AIM:This study aims to investigate the effect of Agaricus blazei extract FA-2-b-β on ferroptosis of Burkitt lymphoma cells and its mechanism.METHODS:Burkitt lymphoma cell lines Raji and CA46 were treated with FA-2-b-β alone and in combination with ferrostatin-1,a ferroptosis inhibitor,or Stattic,a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)inhibitor.Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 method,and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of FA-2-b-β was calculated.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis,cell cycle,mitochondrial membrane potential,and reactive oxygen species(ROS).Additionally,malondialdehyde(MDA)and glutathione(GSH)levels were measured using kits.The mRNA and protein expression levels of ferroptosis-related molecules were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot.RESULTS:The extract FA-2-b-β at different concentrations significantly inhibited the proliferation of Raji and CA46 cells(P＜0.05),promoted their death,regulated cell arrest in G0/G1 phase,and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential.(2)ROS and MDA levels were significantly increased with different concentrations of the extract FA-2-b-β(P＜0.05),while the GSH content was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).(3)The protein and mRNA levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),p-STAT3,and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were down-regulated at different concentrations of the extract FA-2-b-β.In addition,prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTSG2)and transferrin receptor protein 1(TfR1)protein and mRNA were up-regulated(P＜0.05),while the protein and mRNA levels of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)were not significantly changed.CONCLU-SION:The extract FA-2-b-β can induce ferroptosis in burkitt lymphoma,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibi-tion of STAT3/GPX4 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the distribution of A subgroups in the A and AB blood type populations among voluntary blood donors in Zhongshan,study the antigen-antibody characteristics of A subgroups,establish a local A subgroup database,and support the development of precision medicine.Methods ABO subgroup screening was performed using the microplate method.Specimens negative for monoclonal anti-A1 reactivity underwent sequencing of exons 1～7 of the ABO gene to confirm genotypes.Cryopreservation and thawing of glycerolized subgroup red blood cells(RBCs),as well as preservation efficacy of concentrated human-derived antibodies with preservatives,were studied.Results Among 1 212 blood donor specimens,28 subgroup specimens were identified,with a prevalence of 1.54%(15/971)in blood type A and 5.39%(13/241)in blood type AB.Sequencing of 10 specimens revealed 7 ABO genotypes:ABO*A2.01/O.01.02(2 cases),ABO*A1.02/B.01(3 cases),ABO*BA.02/O.01.02,ABO*AW.31.02-05/A2.05,ABO*A2.05/B.01,ABO*A2new/O.01.01,and ABO*A1.02/O.01.01(1 case each).Additionally,one rare allele mutation(c.700C>G)and one novel allele mutation(c.203G>T)(GenBank accession number:PQ152337)were identified.Human anti-A1 antibodies with a titer of 8 were successfully concentrated.Optimal preservation conditions included 0.1%preservative concentration and cryopreserved subgroup RBCs stored at 4℃for 3 days post-thaw.Conclusion The predominant A subgroups in Zhongshan donors are A2 and B(A).A preliminary database for A2 and A2B subgroups is established,along with the discovery of a novel ABO allele mutation.Cryopreservation with glycerol,PEG antibody concentration,and ProClin 300 preservative demonstrate effective applications in preserving ABO blood group antigens and antibodies.

AIM:By establishing ischemic stroke(IS)rats and cell models,this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of an enriched environment(EE)and to explore its impact on the neurotrophin 3(NT3)/p75 neuro-trophin receptor(p75NTR)signaling pathway.METHODS:The study consisted of in vivo and in vitro experiments.In vi-vo,Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided by weight into sham,IS,and IS+EE groups(n=10),with 8 addi-tional rats per group reserved for supplementary analyses.The IS model was established by the Longa suture occlusion method.Neurological and motor function deficits were assessed on days 1,3,7 and 14 post-modeling using the modified neurological severity score(mNSS).On days 3,7 and 14,4 additional rats from each group were sacrificed,and the whole-brain tissue was collected to measure infarct volume via 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)staining.On day 14,brain tissue was harvested for immunofluorescence staining to evaluate neuronal proliferation markers,while the ischemic penumbra was analyzed by Western blot for NT3/p75NTR pathway protein expression.In vitro,primary neural stem cells(NSCs)were isolated from fetal rats and cultured as neurospheres.These cells were divided into CON group and experimental groups treated with different concentrations of NT3 to evaluate the effects of NT3 on NSC proliferation and migration.Additionally,SH-SY5Y cell lines were used to establish an in vitro model of ischemic stroke through oxy-gen-glucose deprivation(OGD).These cells were treated with varying concentrations of NT3,along with CON and CON+NT3 groups,and a scratch assay was performed to assess the impact of NT3 on cell migration.RESULTS:EE significant-ly reduced neurological function scores in IS rats(P<0.05),prolonged latency in the rotarod test(P<0.05),and de-creased cerebral infarct area(P<0.05).EE further enhanced the protein expression of BrdU and Ki67 in the ischemic penumbra(P<0.05),as well as increased the co-expression of BrdU/DCX and BrdU/NeuN(P<0.05).Additionally,EE further upregulated the protein expression of NT3,p75NTR,PI3K,and Akt in the subventricular zone(SVZ)(P<0.05).In vitro,NT3(1 and 10 μg/L)significantly increased nestin expression(P<0.05)in the primary neural stem cell system.In the neural stem cell sphere system,compared to the CON group,1 μg/L NT3 markedly enhanced tubulin and phalloidin protein expression(P<0.05).In the scratch assay,1 ug/L NT3 significantly promoted the migration of both normal SH-SY5Y cells and OGD-induced SH-SY5Y cells compared to the CON group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Enriched envi-ronment activates the NT3/p75NTR signaling pathway,promoting the proliferation of NSCs in the SVZ and their migration to the ischemic penumbra,where they ultimately differentiate into neurons to replace those damaged,thereby contributing to the improvement of neurological function in rats with IS.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of endoscopic sclerotherapy for internal hemorrhoids and its effects on patients' bowel function.Methods:A total of 111 patients who received endoscopic sclerotherapy at Xi'an No. 3 Hospital from September 2019 to August 2020 were retrospectively included in this study. Clinical efficacy, postoperative complications, perianal discomfort, and abnormal defecation were compared among patients with grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids at 1, 4, 8, 12 weeks, and 6 months after surgery.Results:After 6 months of follow-up, the overall response rate was 77.48% (86/111), and the cure rate was 77.17% (79/111). The response rate and cure rate for rectal bleeding were 83.75% (67/80) and 80.00% (64/80), respectively. The response rate and cure rate for prolapse were 82.46% (47/57) and 75.44% (43/57), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the response rates and cure rates for rectal bleeding and prolapse symptoms among patients with grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids at each follow-up time point (all P>0.05). Among the 111 patients, 27.93% (31/111) experienced perianal discomfort, and 40.54% (45/111) reported abnormal defecation. The incidences of perianal discomfort and abnormal defecation were not statistically significant among patients with grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids (both P>0.05). In patients with gradeⅠ and Ⅱ internal hemorrhoids, perianal discomfort symptoms began to improve 4 weeks after surgery, while symptoms of abnormal defecation started to improve 1 week after surgery. Conclusions:Endoscopic sclerotherapy has a good clinical efficacy for rectal bleeding and prolapse symptoms in patients with grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids. Additionally, it improves perianal discomfort and abnormal defecation by identifying the anal canal transition zone in patients with internal hemorrhoids.

Objective To investigate the distribution of A subgroups in the A and AB blood type populations among voluntary blood donors in Zhongshan,study the antigen-antibody characteristics of A subgroups,establish a local A subgroup database,and support the development of precision medicine.Methods ABO subgroup screening was performed using the microplate method.Specimens negative for monoclonal anti-A1 reactivity underwent sequencing of exons 1～7 of the ABO gene to confirm genotypes.Cryopreservation and thawing of glycerolized subgroup red blood cells(RBCs),as well as preservation efficacy of concentrated human-derived antibodies with preservatives,were studied.Results Among 1 212 blood donor specimens,28 subgroup specimens were identified,with a prevalence of 1.54%(15/971)in blood type A and 5.39%(13/241)in blood type AB.Sequencing of 10 specimens revealed 7 ABO genotypes:ABO*A2.01/O.01.02(2 cases),ABO*A1.02/B.01(3 cases),ABO*BA.02/O.01.02,ABO*AW.31.02-05/A2.05,ABO*A2.05/B.01,ABO*A2new/O.01.01,and ABO*A1.02/O.01.01(1 case each).Additionally,one rare allele mutation(c.700C>G)and one novel allele mutation(c.203G>T)(GenBank accession number:PQ152337)were identified.Human anti-A1 antibodies with a titer of 8 were successfully concentrated.Optimal preservation conditions included 0.1%preservative concentration and cryopreserved subgroup RBCs stored at 4℃for 3 days post-thaw.Conclusion The predominant A subgroups in Zhongshan donors are A2 and B(A).A preliminary database for A2 and A2B subgroups is established,along with the discovery of a novel ABO allele mutation.Cryopreservation with glycerol,PEG antibody concentration,and ProClin 300 preservative demonstrate effective applications in preserving ABO blood group antigens and antibodies.

AIM:By establishing ischemic stroke(IS)rats and cell models,this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of an enriched environment(EE)and to explore its impact on the neurotrophin 3(NT3)/p75 neuro-trophin receptor(p75NTR)signaling pathway.METHODS:The study consisted of in vivo and in vitro experiments.In vi-vo,Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided by weight into sham,IS,and IS+EE groups(n=10),with 8 addi-tional rats per group reserved for supplementary analyses.The IS model was established by the Longa suture occlusion method.Neurological and motor function deficits were assessed on days 1,3,7 and 14 post-modeling using the modified neurological severity score(mNSS).On days 3,7 and 14,4 additional rats from each group were sacrificed,and the whole-brain tissue was collected to measure infarct volume via 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)staining.On day 14,brain tissue was harvested for immunofluorescence staining to evaluate neuronal proliferation markers,while the ischemic penumbra was analyzed by Western blot for NT3/p75NTR pathway protein expression.In vitro,primary neural stem cells(NSCs)were isolated from fetal rats and cultured as neurospheres.These cells were divided into CON group and experimental groups treated with different concentrations of NT3 to evaluate the effects of NT3 on NSC proliferation and migration.Additionally,SH-SY5Y cell lines were used to establish an in vitro model of ischemic stroke through oxy-gen-glucose deprivation(OGD).These cells were treated with varying concentrations of NT3,along with CON and CON+NT3 groups,and a scratch assay was performed to assess the impact of NT3 on cell migration.RESULTS:EE significant-ly reduced neurological function scores in IS rats(P<0.05),prolonged latency in the rotarod test(P<0.05),and de-creased cerebral infarct area(P<0.05).EE further enhanced the protein expression of BrdU and Ki67 in the ischemic penumbra(P<0.05),as well as increased the co-expression of BrdU/DCX and BrdU/NeuN(P<0.05).Additionally,EE further upregulated the protein expression of NT3,p75NTR,PI3K,and Akt in the subventricular zone(SVZ)(P<0.05).In vitro,NT3(1 and 10 μg/L)significantly increased nestin expression(P<0.05)in the primary neural stem cell system.In the neural stem cell sphere system,compared to the CON group,1 μg/L NT3 markedly enhanced tubulin and phalloidin protein expression(P<0.05).In the scratch assay,1 ug/L NT3 significantly promoted the migration of both normal SH-SY5Y cells and OGD-induced SH-SY5Y cells compared to the CON group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Enriched envi-ronment activates the NT3/p75NTR signaling pathway,promoting the proliferation of NSCs in the SVZ and their migration to the ischemic penumbra,where they ultimately differentiate into neurons to replace those damaged,thereby contributing to the improvement of neurological function in rats with IS.

Objective To compare the efficacy,acceptability and safety of a low-volume magnisium sodicum potassium sulfate oral sulfate solution(OSS)with polyethylene glycol(PEG)electrolytes powder in bowel preparation for colonoscopy.Methods A prospective,single-blinded and single-center cohort study was conducted.The ambulatory and hospitalized 1 037 patients who underwent colonoscopy from April 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled.Participants were divided into OSS group(639 cases)and PEG group(398 cases),according to the bowel cleansing drugs taken orally.After propensity score matching(PSM),each group included 385 cases.The success rate of bowel preparation,scores of Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS),medication taste,patients'satisfaction and the occurrence of adverse events were compared.Results The success rate of bowel preparation in the OSS group was 96.4％(371/385),higher than the 91.7％(353/385)in the PEG group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total and segmented BBPS scores of the OSS group were higher than those of the PEG group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The medication taste and patients satisfaction of the OSS group were significantly better than those of the PEG group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P=0.800).Conclusion Compared to PEG,OSS has a better intestinal cleaning effect,medication taste,and patients satisfaction.In addition,OSS has security that is not inferior to PEG.

Objective To explore the influence of general medicine combined with family motivation management on the prognosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease patients.Methods A total of 120 cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases patients who received medical care at the First People's Hospital ofFuyang District from October 2023 to October 2024 were selected as subjects.They were divided into control group(n=60)and study group(n=60)by using a random number table method.Control group received standard nursing interventions,while study group underwent combined general medicine and family motivation management.Psychological status was assessed using the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS),with quality of life and self-management ability evaluated using the World Health Organization quality of life brief scale(WHOQOL-BREF)and exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA).The triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),readmission rate and average length of stay before and after intervention were compared between two groups.Results After intervention,both groups showed decreased SAS and SDS scores,while WHOQOL-BREF scores and ESCA levels increased.Score of study group were statistically significant better than that of control group(P＜0.05).After intervention,HDL-C levels rose in both groups,whereas LDL-C,TG,and TC levels decreased.The improvement of each index in study group was better than that in control group(P＜0.05).The rehospitalization rate and average length of stay in study group were significantly lower than those in control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of general medicine and family motivation management can effectively optimize the prognosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease patients.

Objective:To construct a perioperative pain nursing protocol for thoracoscopic surgery patients, providing a reference for clinical pain nursing practice.Methods:An evidence-based approach was used to search relevant guidelines and extract the best evidence. The initial draft was created through discussions among the research team, followed by two rounds of Delphi expert consultations. Based on the experts' suggestions, the protocol was revised and the best plan was finalized.Results:A total of 10 guidelines were included, and 22 experts participated in two rounds of consultations. The response rate for the consultation questionnaires was 100.00% (22/22) , with expert authority coefficients of 0.94 and 0.95 for the two rounds, respectively. The coefficient of variation for all indicators in the second round ranged from 0.04 to 0.24. The final pain nursing protocol included four primary indicators: personnel preparation, pain assessment, pain education, and pain intervention, with 10 secondary indicators and 27 tertiary indicators.Conclusions:The constructed perioperative pain nursing protocol for thoracoscopic surgery patients is significant, scientific, comprehensive, and targeted. It provides theoretical support and practical guidance for pain management, helping to reduce postoperative pain in patients.

Objective:To investigate the molecular mechanism of Xiaoshuantongmai Decoction(XSTMD)targeting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to regulate the function of dendritic cells(DCs)in treatment of deep vein thrombosis(DVT).Methods:After treatment of DVT with XSTMD,expressions of fibrinogen beta chain(FGB)and D-dimer(D2D)protein in plasma of patients with DVT were detected by ELISA,proportion of plasmacytoid dendritic cell(pDC)and conventional dendritic cell(cDC),and expression of HLA-DR protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of patients with DVT were detected by flow cytometry,expressions of CD80 and CD86 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR,Western blot was used to detect protein levels of JAK2,STAT3 and phosphory-lation(p-JAK2 and p-STAT3)in PBMC of DVT patients and mice.LPS-induced mouse DC2.4 cells were treated with XSTMD drug-containing serum.Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of JAK2,STAT3,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3.ELISA was used to detect protein levels of IL-6,TNF-α,IL-10 and TGF-β1 in cell culture supernatant.Results:After treatment with XSTMD,weight and length of thrombus were significantly reduced in mice with DVT(P<0.001).Compared with before treatment,expressions of FGB and D2D were significantly decreased in plasma of DVT patients(P<0.001),proportion of pDC was significantly increased,while pro-portion of cDC was significantly decreased in PBMC of DVT patients(P<0.01),expression of HLA-DR protein and mRNA levels of CD80 and CD86 were significantly decreased in PBMC of DVT patients(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001)after treatment with XSTMD.Levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein were significantly increased in PBMC from DVT patients and mice treated with XSTMD(P<0.05).After treatment with serum containing XSTMD,protein levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 induced by LPS were significantly increased in murine DC2.4 cells(P<0.05).Protein expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased,while protein expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were significantly increased in cell supernatant(P<0.01,P<0.001).Conclusion:XSTMD effectively treats DVT by pre-cisely regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to promote the differentiation of DCs into pDC and alleviate inflammatory injury.